1. A red blood cell is placed in a saturated salt solution (there is so much salt dissolved in the water, that no more salt can be added without it precipitating to the bottom, undissolved). What will happen to the blood cell?

Explain why by making a labeled diagram showing the blood cell and the solution surrounding it. Label the hypotonic and hypertonic regions. Indicate the direction of net flow of water, and label the semipermeable membrane.

2. Describe each term and label it as active or passive transport:diffusion osmosisfacilitated transportendocytosisactive transport

Title this WarmUp: Photosynthesis OverviewWrite your first and last name on the paper (1 point!)1. Find the chemical equation for the overall reaction that is photosynthesis. Look in

section 8.2. Use the index if you need to. Using words or chemical formula, write the overall equation for photosynthesis.

2. What are the reactants in the overall equation for photosynthesis? You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is. You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is.

3. What are the products of the overall equation for photosynthesis?4. If you didn’t include energy in your overall equation for photosynthesis, add it now.

1. Find the chemical equation for the overall reaction that is photosynthesis. Look in section 8.2. Use the index if you need to. Using words or chemical formula, write the overall equation for photosynthesis.

The overall equation for photosynthesis is

6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6C6H12O6 + O2 Carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce glucose and oxygen

2. What are the reactants in the overall equation for photosynthesis? You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is. You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is.

The overall equation for photosynthesis is

6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6C6H12O6 + O2

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce glucose and oxygen

Reactants

3. What are the products of the overall equation for photosynthesis?

Products

4. If you didn’t include energy in your overall equation for photosynthesis, add it now.

Energy +

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

1. Explain where plants get the energy they need to produce food

2. Describe the role of ATP in cellular activities

8.1 ENERGY AND LIFE

Autotrophs Heterotrophs

Plants and some other types of organisms that are able to use light energy from the sun to produce food

Organisms that cannot make their own foodObtain energy from food they consumeConsumersDetritivores

Chemical Energy and ATP

Adenosine TriphosphateATP is like a charged up battery

Adenine Ribose 3 Phosphate groups

Chemical Energy and ATP

ATP is like a charged up battery

ADP ATP

Energy

EnergyAdenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Partiallychargedbattery

Fullychargedbattery

Releasing energy from ATPATP is used by all types of cells as their basic energy source Powers movement This is the source of energy for active transportNot efficient for storageCells only have enough ATP at any one time for a few seconds

Photosynthesis8.2 Photosynthesis: An Overview•Explain What was learned from experiments by van Helmont, Priestly, and Ingenhousz•State the overall equation for photosynthesis•Describe the role of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

van Helmont’s experiment (1643)Weighed dry soilAfter 5 years tree gained 75 kgSoil barely changed in massvan Helmont concluded the plant had gained weight from the waterSignificant discoveryBut only part of the answer

Photosynthesis

Priestly’s experiment (1771)Candle went out under glass coverA sprig of mint in the jar allowed the candle to burn longerPriestly’s discovery was that plants release something that keeps the candle burning (oxygen)

Photosynthesis

Ingenhousz experiment (1779)Aquatic plants produce oxygen bubbles in the light, but not in the darkPlants need sunlight to produce oxygen

Photosynthesis

van Helmont, Priestly and IngenhouszShowed that in the presence of light, plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and release oxygen6CO2+6H2O light C6H12O6+6O2

carbon dioxide + water light sugar + oxygen

Photosynthesisvan Helmont, Priestly and IngenhouszShowed that in the presence of light, plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and release oxygen Light Energy

Chloroplast

CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2

This picture on p206

Photosynthesis and Chlorophyl

1. Look out the window through the spectroscope. Draw the spectrum you see.

2. What part of that spectrum do you think plants use? Write your answer.

3. Obtain a test tube of chlorophyll solution4. Again find the spectrum you saw before. Then,

without moving the spectroscope, move the test tube so that it blocks the light coming into the slot. Draw the new spectrum.

5. Which colors passed through the chlorophyll?6. Which colors did the chlorophyll absorb?7. Answer questions 1-3 on page 206

Lights and Pigments

Photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll (in the chloroplasts)•pigments are the plants light-absorbing molecules•chlorophyl plant’s principal photosynthetic pigment•Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red. That is why plants are green

Absorption of Light byChlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b

V B G YO R

Chlorophyll b

Chlorophyll a

Photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll (in the chloroplasts)