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A Cross-Layering Design for IPv6 A Cross-Layering Design for IPv6 Fast Handover Support in an Fast Handover Support in an IEEE 802.16e Wireless MANIEEE 802.16e Wireless MAN

Youn-Hee Han, Heejin Jang, JinHyeock Choi,Youn-Hee Han, Heejin Jang, JinHyeock Choi, Byungjoo Park and Janise McNair Byungjoo Park and Janise McNair

IEEE Network, 2007IEEE Network, 2007

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OutlineOutline

IntroductionIntroduction IEEE 802.16e WMAN Deployment IEEE 802.16e WMAN Deployment

Architecture and Handover ProceduresArchitecture and Handover Procedures Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6)Fast Handover for Mobile IPv6 (FMIPv6) Cross-layering Design for FMIPv6 over Cross-layering Design for FMIPv6 over

IEEE 802.16eIEEE 802.16e Main Factors of Handover Latency Main Factors of Handover Latency Concluding RemarksConcluding Remarks

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IntroductionIntroduction

IEEE 802.16e standard adds mobility supIEEE 802.16e standard adds mobility support to the original standard.port to the original standard.

Handover is the process of maintaining Handover is the process of maintaining the active sessions of a mobile terminalthe active sessions of a mobile terminal When terminal(MS) changes its point of attaWhen terminal(MS) changes its point of atta

chment to the access network.chment to the access network.

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IntroductionIntroduction (cont’)(cont’)

There are two types of handovers for There are two types of handovers for the IEEE 82.16e network environmentthe IEEE 82.16e network environment Link layer handoverLink layer handover

Reside in the same IP subnet.Reside in the same IP subnet. The terminal need only re-establish a link The terminal need only re-establish a link

layer connection without changing its IP layer connection without changing its IP configuration.configuration.

IP layer handoverIP layer handover Reside in different IP subnet or in different Reside in different IP subnet or in different

networks.networks. Must establish new link layer connection and Must establish new link layer connection and

new IP configuration.new IP configuration.

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IP Layer HandoverIP Layer Handover

IP layer handover for mobile terminal is handlIP layer handover for mobile terminal is handled by mobile IPv6(MIPv6).ed by mobile IPv6(MIPv6). Doesn’t solve the handover latency problem for IEDoesn’t solve the handover latency problem for IE

EE 802.16e.EE 802.16e. It acts as a location and routing-path management protocIt acts as a location and routing-path management protoc

ol.ol. With IPv6 alone, three main procedure will resWith IPv6 alone, three main procedure will res

ult in large delay:ult in large delay: Movement detectionMovement detection Address configuration and confirmationAddress configuration and confirmation Location registration and return routabilityLocation registration and return routability

Fast MIPv6 was design to reduce or eliminate Fast MIPv6 was design to reduce or eliminate packet loss and handover delay in MIPv6.packet loss and handover delay in MIPv6.

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IEEE 802.16e Deployment IEEE 802.16e Deployment ArchitectureArchitecture

Support only PHY and link layer functionality

Centralize Control the subnet

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IEEE 802.16e Deployment IEEE 802.16e Deployment ArchitectureArchitecture

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IEEE 802.16e Handover ProcedureIEEE 802.16e Handover Procedure

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FMIPv6FMIPv6

The primary goal of FMIPv6 is to The primary goal of FMIPv6 is to eliminate the delay on IPv6eliminate the delay on IPv6 Movement detectionMovement detection Address configurationAddress configuration

FMIPv6 enable a terminal to quickly detect FMIPv6 enable a terminal to quickly detect when it is moving to a new subnet.when it is moving to a new subnet.

Two different modeTwo different mode Predictive fast handoverPredictive fast handover Reactive fast handoverReactive fast handover

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Predictive ModePredictive Mode

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Predictive FlowchartPredictive Flowchart

If terminal found new Access point, terminal will send Router Solicitation for Proxy Advertisementto access router, to request current access router send the prefix information of access router by Proxy Router Advertisement.

Because terminal get prefix information of new network, terminal can create new Care of Address, and send the Information to current access router by fast binding update.

Handover InitiationHandover Acknowledgement

Fast Neighbor Advertisement

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Reactive FlowchartReactive Flowchart

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Add FMIPv6Add FMIPv6

If the terminal moves to a different If the terminal moves to a different subnetsubnet Re-configure a new IP addressRe-configure a new IP address Re-establish its IP connectionRe-establish its IP connection

The terminal must conduct a network The terminal must conduct a network layer mobility mechanism.layer mobility mechanism. To resume the active session after link To resume the active session after link

layer handover procedure.layer handover procedure.

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Cross-Layering DesignCross-Layering Design

Trigger IP layer module.Trigger IP layer module.

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Cross-Layering DesignCross-Layering Design

Handover Initiation.Handover Initiation.

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Cross-Layering DesignCross-Layering Design

Handover Execution.Handover Execution.

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Cross-Layering DesignCross-Layering Design

Handover CompletionHandover Completion

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Handover LatencyHandover Latency

MAC layer delay: the time from MOB_HMAC layer delay: the time from MOB_HO-IND to network re-entry complete.O-IND to network re-entry complete.

DD11: the time from terminal receiving FBA: the time from terminal receiving FBAck to sending MOB_HO-IND message.ck to sending MOB_HO-IND message.

DD22: the time from receiving LINK_UP eve: the time from receiving LINK_UP event until sending FNA message.nt until sending FNA message.

DD33: the time from sending FNA message : the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first packet from the tuntil receiving the first packet from the target AR.arget AR.

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Handover LatencyHandover Latency

DD44: the time from sending FNA : the time from sending FNA message until receiving the first message until receiving the first packet from target AR.packet from target AR.

Predictive mode: Predictive mode: MAC layer delay+DMAC layer delay+D11+D+D22+D+D33

Reactive mode: Reactive mode: MAC layer delay+DMAC layer delay+D22+D+D44

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Concluding RemarksConcluding Remarks

Presented two handover protocols for Presented two handover protocols for IP layer and MAC layer used in mobile IP layer and MAC layer used in mobile network.network.

Created a cross-layer design to Created a cross-layer design to enable proper FMIPv6 with the IEEE enable proper FMIPv6 with the IEEE 802.16e handover process.802.16e handover process. Provided three events and one command Provided three events and one command

for supporting interaction between IP for supporting interaction between IP layer and MAC layer handover procedure.layer and MAC layer handover procedure.