1. 2 The pectoral region is external to the anterior thoracic wall and anchors the upper limb to the...
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Transcript of 1. 2 The pectoral region is external to the anterior thoracic wall and anchors the upper limb to the...
1Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D 18.December.2012 Tuesday
PECTORAL REGION
IN 8 QUESTIONS
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1. Where is the pectoral region?
The pectoral region is external to the anterior thoracic wall and anchors the upper limb to the trunk.
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2. What does the pectoral region consist of?Superficial compartment Contains skin, superficial fascia, breasts
Deep compartment Contains muscles & associated structures
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3. What are the muscles of the pectoral region?Four pectoral muscles move the pectoral girdle
Clavicular head: Medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: Anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anteriorAdducts and medially rotates humerus
3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages
Coracoid process of scapula
Stabilizes scapula
Lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs
Medial border of scapula
Protracts & rotates scapula
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Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
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4. What movements does the pectoralis major muscle ?Pectoralis majorpowerful adduction medial rotation of the arm
clavicular head flexing the humerus
sternocostal head extending it back
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5. What movements do pectoralis minor & subclavius ?Pectoralis minor stabilizes the scapula touch an object that is just out of reach.
Assists in elevating the ribs
Subclavius Anchors and depresses the clavicle, stabilizing it during movements of the upper limb.
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6. What movements does the serratus anterior ?one of the most powerful muscles
of the pectoral girdle Strong protractor of scapula –Abduction used when punching or reaching anteriorly(boxer's
muscle).
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7. How are these muscles innervated?
Serratus anterior Long thoracic nerve
Pectoralis major Medial & Lateral pectoral nervesPectoralis minor Medial pectoral nerveSubclavius Nerve to subclavius
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8. ..the claviopectoral fascia and triangle?Deep to the pectoral fascia & pectoralis major
Descends from the clavicle
Clavipectoral triangle cephalic vein can be found. formed by pectoralis major, deltoid & clavicle
Deltopectoral groove
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Where are the mammary glands?
In the subcutaneous tissue overlying the pectoralis major and minor muscles.
lateral border of the sternum to the midaxillary line vertically from the 2nd through 6th ribs.
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clavicular head of pectoralis majorarm is abducted 90°; the individual then moves the arm anteriorly against resistance. If acting normally, the clavicular head can be seen and palpated.
sternocostal head of the pectoralis majorarm is abducted 60° and then adducted against resistance. If acting normally, the sternocostal head can be seen and palpated.
PECTORALIS MAJORTESTING THE PECTORAL REGION MUSCLES
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Hand of the outstretched limb is pushed against a wall. If the muscle is acting normally, several digitations of the muscle can be seen and palpated
SERRATUS ANTERIOR
fxn of long thoracic nerve
TESTING THE PECTORAL REGION MUSCLES