09mn31
Transcript of 09mn31
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K.R.DHURAI(09MN31)
CARBON BALANCING
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2006 C02 EMISSION
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GREEN HOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
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CO2 GRAPH FROM BC TO 2005
(PPM Vs Year)
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CO2 MEASURED DATA (10!200)
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CO2 GRAPH FROM 155 TO 2010
(PPM Vs Year)
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ENERGY TREATY
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COPENHAGEN TREATY A budget for the year 2020 that brings global emissions
back to 1990 levels.
The annual global carbon budget in 2020 from all sources
of greenhouse gases would be no higher than 36.1 t
!"2e# roughly e$ual to 1990 levels# and would need to be
reduced to %.2 t !"2e in 20&0# in other words by '0 (
below 1990 levels.
) To kee* the annual reduction rates between 2010 and
20&0 achievable# total global greenhouse gas emissions
would need to *eak in the 2013+201% commitment *eriod
and decline thereafter..
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CO2 NEVER DECREASED INSPITE OF
MEETINGS
Since the 1958 st!t "# %!ecise &'2
es!eents in the t"s%he!e* the nn+en c"ncent!ti"n "# &'2 hs "n+, inc!ese-#!" "ne ,e! t" the net.
/he!e he een n" -ec!eses in nn+ &'2+ee+s since -i!ect inst!ent es!eentsen.
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G"#$a" Te%&era're Ca*+e (IPCC
DATA)
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At"s%he!e'cen ene!+ &i!c+ti"nM"-e+ %!"ecti"ns "# s!#ce !in
(I&& R'R/) A1 A "!+- "# e!, !%i- ec"n"ic !"th* +"+ %"%+ti"n
tht %es in i-cent!, n- !%i- int!"-cti"n"# ne n-"!e e:cient techn"+"ies.
;"ssi+ intensie (A1;I)* n"n#"ssi+ ene!, !es"!ces (A1/) n-
+nce c!"ss ++ s"!ces (A1
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At"s%he!e'cen ene!+ &i!c+ti"nM"-e+ %!"ecti"ns "# s!#ce !in
(I&& R'R/)
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SEA AND G,ACIAR
Anomaly time series ,de*arture from the long+term
mean- of *olar surface air tem*erature ,A# -# arctic and antarctic sea ice etent ,/# -# orthern
emis*here ,- froen ground etent ,!-# snow
cover etent ,4- and global glacier mass balance ,5-.
The solid red line in 5 denotes the cumulative globalglacier mass balance in the other *anels it shows
decadal variations
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I&&DA/A
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G,OBA, MEAN SEA ,EVE, (IPCC DATA)
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CARBON CYC,E (NASA DATA)
(UNIT-GIGATONS OF CARBON)
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CARBON RE!BA,ANCING
/he c!"n c,c+e is the %!"cess ,
hich c!"n is echne- eteen the#"! !ese!"i!s "# c!"n>
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CARBON RE!BA,ANCING
chnes te %+ce in th!"h
Res%i!ti"n &"sti"n
Dec,
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CARBON BA,ANCING
&!"n "@set #"! e%+e , %h"t"s,nthesis (e inne #"!ests)
&!"n c%t!e n- st"!e et!cti"n "# &'2 n-
%+cin it n-e!!"n- "! n-e!te! Sstin+e ene!, shi#t #!" #"ssi+ #e+s ene!,
t" in- %"e! n- s"+! %"e!
Nc+e! %"e! s n +te!ntie t" #"ssi+ #e+s
Sstin+e -esin t" !e-ce in%ts n- "t%ts "#ene!,
Sstin+e t!ns%"!t t" !e-ce !e+ince "n #"ssi+#e+s
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_offsethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_capture_and_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_transporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_transporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_capture_and_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_offset
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CARBON SE.UESTRATION
Car$#* se/es'ra'#* is e"eninee!in
technie #"! the +"nte! st"!e "# c!"n-i"i-e "! "the! #"!s "# c!"n* #"! theititi"n "# +"+ !in.
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T&es # Car$#* Se/es'ra'#*
Biological process
Physical process chemical process
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS
'cen i!"n #e!ti+i=ti"n 'cen !e #e!ti+i=ti"n
;"!est!, A!ic+t!e Re-cin issi"ns
nhncin &!"n Re"+ et %!"-cti"n 'cen iin
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PHYSICA, PROCESS
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CHEMICA, PROCESS
In-st!i+ se
&heic+ Sc!e!s
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3 OCEANIRON FERTI,I4ATION
nc"!e %+nt"n !"th hich !e"esc!"n #!" the t"s%he!e.
I!"n #e!ti+i=ti"n is nt!+ %!"cess n- it isthe enhnceent "# this %!"cess hich is thee"eninee!in technie.
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3 OCEANIRON FERTI,I4ATION
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3 OCEANUREA FERTI,I4ATION
/" #e!ti+i=e the "cen ith !e* nit!"en !ichsstnce* t" enc"!e %h,t"%+nt"n !"th
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3SUSTAINAB,E FORESTRY
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3FORESTRY
Re#"!estti"n !e%+ntin "# t!ees "n !in+c!"% n- %st!e +n-s t" t!ns#e! &'2 #!" the
t"s%he!e t" ne i"ss.
?hen the t!ees -ie * it sh"+- n"t e !nt . /his is t" ens!e tht the c!"n -"es n"t!et!n t" the t"s%he!e.
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3AGRICU,TURE
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3AGRICU,TURE
S"i+s !e estite- t" c"ntin %%!"ite+,1*580 it"ns "# "!nic c!"n* "!e thn thet"t+ "# c!"n in eetti"n n- the t"s%he!e.
M"-iBcti"n "# !ic+t!+ %!ctices is !ec"ni=e- eth"- "# c!"n seest!ti"n s s"i+cn ct s n e@ectie c!"n sin.
&!"n eissi"n !e-cti"n eth"-s in !ic+t!e1.)Re-cin eissi"ns
2.)nhncin c!"n !e"+
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3REDUCING EMMISSIONS
Inc!ese in the e:cienc, "# #!in eth"-s
Acc!te se "# #e!ti+i=e!s*
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3ENHANCING CARBON REMOVA,
A++ c!"%s s"! &'2 -!in thei! !"th n-
!e+ese it #te! thei! -eth s the, !e c"nse-*
-est!",e-* "! inc"!%"!te- int" the s"i+. Usin c"e! c!"%s sch s !sses n- ee-s s
te%"!!, c"e! eteen !ic+t!+ c!"%s.
Rest"!in -e!-e- +n- s+"s c!"n !e+ese
hi+e !et!nin the +n- t" !ic+t!e.
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3 PEATPRODUCTION
et "s !e e!, i%"!tnt st"!e "# c!"n.
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3 OCEANMIING
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BIO,OGICA, PROCESS 3 OCEANMIING
nc"!in !i"s +,e!s "# the "cen t" i*s"it cn "e nt!ients n- -iss"+e- ses !"n-n- ths ct s e"eninee!in %%!"ch.
/his iin , e chiee- , %+cin +!ee!tic+ %i%es in the "cens t" %% nt!ient !ichte! t" the s!#ce.
Miin t!ie!s +""s "# +e hich +s" st"!ec!"n hen the, -ie.
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 BIOCHAR
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 BECCS
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 BIOMASSBURIA,
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 BIOMASSOCEAN STORAGE
/he %!"-cti"n "# #"ssi+ #e+s is nt!+ %!"cesshich "#ten in"+es the "cen !i+ "# i"ss*"#ten ne! !ie! "ths hich !in +!entities "# nt!ients n- -e- te!i+ #!"%!ie! int" the "cen.
/!ns%"!tin the te!i+ sch s c!"% ste t"se n- ++"in it t" sin int" -ee% "cen
st"!e hs een %!"%"se- s ens "#seest!ti"n "# c!"n.
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 CARBONCAPTURE STORAGE
&!"n -i"i-e cn e inecte- int" -e%+ete- "i+n- s !ese!"i!s n- "the! e"+"ic+ #et!es*"! cn e st"!e- in %!e #"! in the -ee% "cen.
&'2 hs een se- etensie+, in enhnce- c!-e
"i+ !ec"e!, "%e!ti"ns in the Unite- Stteseinnin in 1972./he!e !e in ecess "# 10*000&'2 e++s in the stte "# /es.
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 CARBONCAPTURE AND STORAGE
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 CARBONCAPTURE AND STORAGE
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 CARBONCAPTURE AND STORAGE
POST COMBUSTION
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CARBON CAPTURE ANDSTORAGE 3 POST COMBUSTION
"st c"sti"n techn"+", in"+es c%t!inthe c!"n -i"i-e #!" the e s "# #"ssi+ #e+B!e- %"e! #ci+ities.
Se%!ti"n is -e -i:c+t , the +" c!"n-i"i-e %!ti+ %!ess!e* enin tht cheic+s"!%ti"n sin ines is c!!ent+, the "sti+e "%ti"n t "the! "%ti"ns inc+-in chi++e-
"ni* in" ci-s* e!nes n--s"!%ti"n !e +s" n-e! c"nsi-e!ti"n.
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 CARBONCAPTURE AND STORAGE
PRE COMBUSTION
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 CARBONCAPTURE AND STORAGE
!e c"sti"n techn"+", in"+es eithe! c"+ "!i"ss siBcti"n "! nt!+ s !e#"!in t"%!"-ce s,nthesis s.
/he s,nthesis s is then %sse- th!"h shi#t!ect"!s t" iise the h,-!"en ,ie+-.
/he c!"n -i"i-e is then c%t!e- #!" thes,nthesis s , s"!%ti"n.
S+%h! !e"+ "cc!s t -i@e!ent %"int in the%!"cess -e%en-in "n the #e+ in"+e-.
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PHYSICA, PROCESS 3 CARBONCAPTURE AND STORAGE
OXY FUEL
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CARBON CAPTURE ANDSTORAGE ! OYFUE,
',#e+ ses %!e ",en inste- "# i! in c"sti"n che! !ec,c+in %"!ti"n "# thee s n- %!"-cin c"ncent!te- c!"n-i"i-e %!"-ct.
!iBcti"n "# the e s is then e%+",e-* t"!e"e nit!"en* ",en* n- !"n.
/he in ene!, c"nse!s !e the i!se%!ti"n nit* !ei!e- #"! the ",ens%%+,* n- the %!iBcti"n nit.
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CHEMICA, PROCESS 3INDUSTRIA, USE
/!-iti"n+ ceent n#ct!e !e+eses +!e"nts "# c!"n -i"i-e* t ne+, -ee+"%e-ceent t,%es #!" N"ce cn s"! &'2 #!"
ient i! -!in h!-enin.
A sii+! technie s %i"nee!e- , /ecc"* h"he een %!"-cin c"&eent since 2002.
/he "nt "# &'2 c%t!e- e!e- 60E65F "#
the c!"nce"s &'2 n- 10E11F "# the t"t+
&'2 eissi"ns.
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CHEMICA, PROCESS 3 CHEMICA,SCRUBBERS
&!"n -i"i-e sc!in %!"cesses he een%!"%"se- t" !e"e &'2 #!" the i!* s++,
sin !int "# the K!#t %!"cess.
/hese n"t+, inc+-e the !tiBci+ t!ees* ith the%!%"se t" !e"e c!"n -i"i-e #!" thet"s%he!e sin cheic+ sc!e!s.
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STEP CARBON CAPTURE STEP
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CAPTURING CO2
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CAPTURING CO2
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CAPTURING
CO2CAPTURING CO2
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CO2 STORAGE AND USAGE
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CO2 F,OODING
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CO2 CONVERTED TO METHANO,FUE,
/he scientists -e c!"n -i"i-e !ect , sinNhete!"c,c+ic c!enes (NH&s)* n"e+"!n"ct+,st.
the !ecti"n ith NH&s n- c!"n -i"i-e cnte %+ce n-e! i+- c"n-iti"ns in -!, i!.
H,-!"si+ne* c"inti"n "# si+ic n- h,-!"en*is --e- t" the NH&ctite- c!"n -i"i-e* n-the %!"-ct "# this !ecti"n is t!ns#"!e- int"ethn"+ , --in te! th!"h h,-!"+,sis.
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REFERENCE
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http://www.co2now.org/http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.yourforestmanaged.com/http://www.unfccc.int/http://www.epa.gov/http://www.carbon-capture-and-sequestration.com/http://www.crl.co.nz/http://www.crl.co.nz/http://www.carbon-capture-and-sequestration.com/http://www.epa.gov/http://www.unfccc.int/http://www.yourforestmanaged.com/http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.co2now.org/
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THANK YOU