PrintersPrinters

The printer is computer The printer is computer peripheral, peripheral, & output device that & output device that accepts text accepts text and graphic as and graphic as input, input,

& prints or illustrations on & prints or illustrations on paper aspaper as a hard copy in the form a hard copy in the form ofof documents or documents or transparencies etc..transparencies etc..

Types Types There are four major types of There are four major types of printers.printers.

1.1. Impact printerImpact printer2.2. Sprayed-ink printerSprayed-ink printer3.3. Laser printerLaser printer4.4. Plotters. Plotters.

Impact Impact PrintersPrinters

1.1. Daisy Wheel Daisy Wheel 2.2. Dot MatrixDot Matrix

Daisy wheel Daisy wheel printerprinter

Daisy wheelDaisy wheelThe printer look like daisy contains a disk The printer look like daisy contains a disk

made of made of plastic or metal on which letters and plastic or metal on which letters and symbols aresymbols are placed on each patel. placed on each patel.

When printer needs to print a character, it When printer needs to print a character, it sends the signal to mechanism called sends the signal to mechanism called

printheadprinthead, the printhead rotates the daisy , the printhead rotates the daisy wheel until the desired letter is in place and wheel until the desired letter is in place and facing the paper then a electromechanical facing the paper then a electromechanical hammer hammer called called SolenoidSolenoid strikes the back of the strikes the back of the character character contained petal, forcing the character contained petal, forcing the character to hit an ink to hit an ink ribbon, leaving an impression of ribbon, leaving an impression of the character on the character on the paper. the paper.

Daisy wheel printing speed is Daisy wheel printing speed is measuredmeasured in in character per character per secondsecond and and standardstandard speed is speed is 10 to 50 characters 10 to 50 characters per second. per second.

Printer work like typewriter andPrinter work like typewriter andbest in multi-copy applications, it best in multi-copy applications, it can’t print graphics. can’t print graphics.

Dot MatrixDot MatrixThis is an other type of impact This is an other type of impact printers here printhead contains printers here printhead contains row of pins. row of pins.

The pins are wrapped with coils The pins are wrapped with coils of wire to create solenoid, to of wire to create solenoid, to trigger a particular pin the trigger a particular pin the printer controller sends a signal printer controller sends a signal to to printheadprinthead, which energize , which energize the wires, this makes wires into the wires, this makes wires into electromagnet which repel the electromagnet which repel the print pin towards ribbon and print pin towards ribbon and printing dots in column and printing dots in column and rows and making letters and rows and making letters and numbers on paper. numbers on paper.

Initialy 9 pins used but Initialy 9 pins used but later 17 and 24 pin later 17 and 24 pin models also introduced models also introduced for fine output print. for fine output print.

Its standard speed Its standard speed about 50 to over 500 about 50 to over 500 cps. cps.

Dot MatrixDot Matrix

Sprayed-ink Sprayed-ink PrintersPrinters

1.1. InkjetInkjet2.2. Bubble jetBubble jet

Inkjet Inkjet Inkjet printers considered as sprayed-ink on Inkjet printers considered as sprayed-ink on paper. paper.

this uses cartridge which contains ink, pump this uses cartridge which contains ink, pump and a ink nozzle to complete printing. and a ink nozzle to complete printing.

when computer send print command then when computer send print command then printhead at cartridge energize Piezo-printhead at cartridge energize Piezo-

actuator actuator which spraying ink then nozzles makes which spraying ink then nozzles makes shape shape letters, words or images on paper. letters, words or images on paper.

Ink-jet printers are capable of producing Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high high quality print. A typical ink-jet printer quality print. A typical ink-jet printer provides a provides a resolution of 300 dpi, also newer resolution of 300 dpi, also newer models offer models offer higher resolutions. higher resolutions.

InkjetInkjet

Bubble jet Bubble jet printerprinter

Bubble-jet printers use special Bubble-jet printers use special heating heating elements to out the ink. elements to out the ink.

Like inkjet printers this type of Like inkjet printers this type of printer alsoprinter also uses cartridge which have uses cartridge which have several small several small chambers inside, chambers inside, bottom bottom of each chamberof each chamber have a small have a small pinholes, these pinholes arepinholes, these pinholes are used to used to spray ink on the spray ink on the page and printpage and printcharacters and images with finecharacters and images with fine

resolution. resolution.

If particular chamber needs to spray If particular chamber needs to spray

ink, ink, then electric signal is sent to heating then electric signal is sent to heating element, when element is energized,element, when element is energized,it creates vapours, then these it creates vapours, then these

vapours push vapours push ink towards pinhole and ink towards pinhole and forms a bubble of forms a bubble of ink. ink.

BubblejetBubblejet

Laser PrintersLaser PrintersLaser printers accept computer signals Laser printers accept computer signals and convert it to laser beam to and convert it to laser beam to produce an image on a drum, toner produce an image on a drum, toner touches drum and coat with inked touches drum and coat with inked powder and finally convert this inked powder and finally convert this inked image to a paper. image to a paper. Photocopiers also work on same Photocopiers also work on same procedure. procedure.

Laser printer also called page printers Laser printer also called page printers and and use memory to print high-resolution use memory to print high-resolution text &text & graphics outputs, resolution graphics outputs, resolution ranges fromranges from 300 to 1200 dpi. The 300 to 1200 dpi. The speed of laser printersspeed of laser printers ranges from ranges from about 5 to 20 ppm. about 5 to 20 ppm.

Printer Printer ComponentsComponents

Printer Controller unit Printer Controller unit Corona wire unit Corona wire unit Laser beam converter unit Laser beam converter unit Photosensitive drum unit Photosensitive drum unit Toner unit Toner unit Paper feeding unitPaper feeding unit Fuser unitFuser unit Exit rollers unitExit rollers unit

How Laser printer How Laser printer worksworks

1. 1. Text or graphics base data stream is Text or graphics base data stream is sent to sent to the printer. the printer.

2. 2. The printer controller circuit receive The printer controller circuit receive inputinput signals and manages how to print signals and manages how to print this data.this data.

3. 3. Here this controller circuit done two Here this controller circuit done two jobsjobs first it activates the corona wire. first it activates the corona wire. This is aThis is a high-voltage wire generate static high-voltage wire generate static electricelectric charge to anything nearby, charge to anything nearby, secondsecond computer computer data signals data signals converts into laserconverts into laser beam.beam.

4. 4. The corona wire charges up theThe corona wire charges up thephotoreceptor drum so the drum photoreceptor drum so the drum

gains agains a positive charge spread positive charge spread uniformly across itsuniformly across its surface. surface.

5. 5. The circuit activates the laser to draw The circuit activates the laser to draw thethe image of page onto the drum using image of page onto the drum using mirror,mirror, when laser beam hits the drum, it when laser beam hits the drum, it

removesremoves positive charges and creates positive charges and creates negative negative charges on drum and transfer charges on drum and transfer image on theimage on the drum. drum.

6. 6. An ink roller (toner) touching drum andAn ink roller (toner) touching drum andcoats it with tiny particles of coats it with tiny particles of

powdered ink powdered ink then this inked image ofthen this inked image ofthe page remainsthe page remains on the drum. on the drum.

7. 7. A sheet of paper from a hopper on the A sheet of paper from a hopper on the otherother side of the printer feeds up toward side of the printer feeds up toward thethe drum. As it moves along, the drum. As it moves along, the paper is givenpaper is given a strong electrical a strong electrical positive charges bypositive charges by another corona another corona wire.wire.

8. 8. When the paper reaches near the When the paper reaches near the drum, its drum, its positive charges attracts the positive charges attracts the negative negative charges away from the drum, charges away from the drum, then inked-then inked- image isimage is transferred from the transferred from the drum to drum to paper surface. paper surface.

9. 9. The inked paper passes through two The inked paper passes through two hothot rollers from fuser unit. The heat rollers from fuser unit. The heat andand pressure from the rollers press pressure from the rollers press tonertoner particles permanently into the particles permanently into the paper.paper.

10. 10. Finally exit rollers get printed paper Finally exit rollers get printed paper out, out, this output is hot for a while. this output is hot for a while.

Laser print processesLaser print processes1.1. EP print process: EP print process:

This technology uses This technology uses a a combination of static combination of static electric electric charges, laser light charges, laser light and toner.and toner.

2.2. HP print process: HP print process: This technology is This technology is

relatively same relatively same as EP but it as EP but it uses charging roller uses charging roller instead of instead of corona wire and corona wire and developing developing roller in the toner.roller in the toner.

Laser print processesLaser print processes3. 3. LED print processLED print process

This This technology uses LEDs instead technology uses LEDs instead of of laser light, and these LEDs are laser light, and these LEDs are near to drum, having advantage near to drum, having advantage ofof low cost and laser beamlow cost and laser beam

hazardous.hazardous.

PlottersPlotters Plotters are large-scale printers, These Plotters are large-scale printers, These are are commonly used for technical drawings commonly used for technical drawings such such as engineering drawings or as engineering drawings or architectural architectural designs. designs.

The two basic types of plotters are The two basic types of plotters are called called

1.1. Flatbed plotters Flatbed plotters 2. 2. Drum plotters. Drum plotters.

Flatbed Flatbed PlottersPlotters

Flatbed plotters one of the Flatbed plotters one of the graphics graphics output device that draws output device that draws by moving a by moving a pen in both pen in both horizontal and vertical horizontal and vertical directions directions over a sheet of paper; the over a sheet of paper; the overall overall size of the drawing is limited by size of the drawing is limited by the height and width of this bed. the height and width of this bed.

Flatbed PlottersFlatbed Plotters

Drum PlottersDrum Plotters Drum plotters, also called upright Drum plotters, also called upright plotters, plotters,

this type of plotters are vertically this type of plotters are vertically positioned. positioned. Printing image is on a drum Printing image is on a drum where paperwhere paper rolls on it and making a fine rolls on it and making a fine image, text or image, text or design as large scale design as large scale printing. printing.

Drum PlottersDrum Plotters

Printer CharacteristicsPrinter Characteristics Color:Color:

Color printers are more expensive Color printers are more expensive to to operate since they use two ink operate since they use two ink cartridges one is colored and other is cartridges one is colored and other is

black ink, these are important for black ink, these are important for mapsmaps and and designs. designs.

Resolution:Resolution: Printer resolution (sharpness) is Printer resolution (sharpness) is

usually usually measured in dots per inch measured in dots per inch (dpi), (dpi), standard resolution is 300 - standard resolution is 300 - 600 dpi.600 dpi.

Printer CharacteristicsPrinter Characteristics Speed:Speed:

Speed of printer is based on page Speed of printer is based on page sent, sent, Color printers are slower. Color printers are slower.

Latest and expensive printers are Latest and expensive printers are much faster.much faster.

Memory:Memory: Memory used to store print Memory used to store print

commands commands sent by computer, Most sent by computer, Most printers come printers come with a small amount of with a small amount of memory that memory that can be expanded by can be expanded by the user. the user.

Other Other PrintersPrinters

Portable printersPortable printers Portable printers are Portable printers are lightweight using a lightweight using a battery instead of power battery instead of power from the computer. from the computer.

Usually they maintains Usually they maintains basic print basic print

resolutions resolutions suitable for suitable for plain text plain text printing. printing.

Digital Photo Digital Photo PrintersPrinters

Many middle range Many middle range printers print photo printers print photo quality images. quality images.

Usually color Usually color printers, specially printers, specially photo print with photo print with greater resolution & greater resolution & image quality. image quality.

Network Network printerprinter

This type of printer is This type of printer is installed in LAN or installed in LAN or Wireless LAN (WLAN) Wireless LAN (WLAN) environment and environment and common printing common printing facility to all network facility to all network users. users.

Multifunction printers:Multifunction printers:This type of printer This type of printer contains contains

High-quality color High-quality color printing, Fax machine, printing, Fax machine, Color copier, Color copier, Scanner,Scanner,Telephone.Telephone.

facilities in one device.facilities in one device.

3D Printers3D PrintersThis type of printer This type of printer creates computer-creates computer-aided design 3-D aided design 3-D applications. applications.

The printer is fast, The printer is fast, versatile and simple, versatile and simple, allowing engineers to allowing engineers to produce a range of produce a range of concept models and concept models and functional test parts functional test parts of any design. of any design.