0612 The System of Rice Intensification (SRI): A Good Alternative for Increasiing Irrigated Rice...
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Transcript of 0612 The System of Rice Intensification (SRI): A Good Alternative for Increasiing Irrigated Rice...
The System of Rice Intensification (SRI): A good alternative for increasing irrigated
rice cultivation and its productivity in Nepal
Rajendra UpretyAgriculture Extension Officer
District Agriculture Development OfficeMorang, Nepal
History of SRI method in Nepal
Started 1999 as a curiosity and trials was not successful.
From 2001, NWRP (Bhairahawa) and ATA (Kathmandu) started some trials and got good results.
2002 NEDICO started some trials in SMIP command areas in FFS.
2003, DADO Morang started trials and demonstrations. Its results attracts attention of various sectors working for rice development and media personals and speed up SRI movement in Nepal.
2005, DADO Morang has woned Nepal Development Marketplace 2005 award for SRI Promotion Project.
2006 SRI has started in more than 20 districts by GOs/NGOs and about 2500 farmers tested SRI in their fields.
Numbers of farmers, areas and VDCs under SRI in Morang
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2003 2004 2005 2006
Years
Nu
mb
ers
SRI farmers
Areas (ha)
VDCs
Comperative yield of rice by SRI and Conventional methods 2005 (t/ha)
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0<
3
3.1-
4
4.1-
5
5.1-
6
6.1-
7
7.1-
8
8.1-
9
9.1-
10
>10
.1
Yield categories t/ha
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
farm
ers
SRI method
Conventional method
Production cost and profitability of rice by different methods
010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,000
Imp
rov
ed
/ irr
iga
ted
Imp
rov
ed
/un
irri
ga
ted
Lo
ca
l/ ir
rig
ate
d
Lo
ca
l/un
irri
ga
ted
SR
I me
tho
ds
w/
ma
nu
al w
ee
din
g
SR
I me
tho
ds
w/
me
ch
an
ica
l we
ed
ing
Methods of rice cultivation
Rs.
/ha
Total costs(Rs./ha)
Gross income(Rs./ha)Net profit(Rs./ha)
Yield distribution of rice by SRI method according to numbers of weeding, 2005.
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
<4 t/ha 4.1-6 t/ha 6.1-8 t/ha >8.1 t/ha
Yield category (t/ha)
Per
cent
age
of fa
rmer
s
One Weeding
Two Weeding
Three Weeding
What is SRI method in Nepal?
Single rice plant, 35 days after transplanting by SRI method (Chaite 2 variety)
Young seedlings of 3 leaf stage.
(8-12 days old)
Single seedling transplanting
(without damaging the root of the seedling)
Single seedling transplanting in wider spacing
20x20 cm25x25 cm30x30 cm
Keep soil moist during vegetative stage, no water stagnation but sometime
wetting and drying of the soil for better performance.
Regular and timely weeding for first 35 days. It increases more tillers and
more production.
Manual weeding (21 days after transplanting)
Weeding by rotary weeder, it decrease labor cost for SRI
And
use of more organic matter/FYM instead of chemical fertilizers
Why SRI for Nepal ?Rice is the main staple food and largest contributor for national GDP.
Productivity of rice is lowest in this region (SE-Asia).
Half of the districts (38) are food deficit.
Inputs price increased more than 3 times.
Profit from rice farming is decreasing.
Government is spending millions of rupees for food transportation in deficit districts.
Water is still scarce resource for rice farming.
What can we do by SRI method?We can easily increase 1 t/ha rice yield by this method.
Out of 38 district, 36 can be convert into food sufficient districts.
SRI can save 90% of rice seed for the consumption.
We can save irrigation water by 40-50% from rice cultivation.
We can reduce chemical (fertilizers and pesticides) use in rice farming and reduce air, water and soil pollution.
We can save millions of rupees, spending for food transportation for other development works.
We can reduce GHG emissions and save our world from its bad effects.
We can increase profit and help for poverty reduction program.
Difficulties with SRI
Weed management
Farmers' reactions:
It required more labor.
More money.
Sometimes weed problems lead to fail the crops.
Mechanical Weeding by rotary weeder will be a good solution to reduce weeding cost.
SRI field after first weeding by rotary weeder
Farmers, made marker and weeder to facilitate SRI method
Water management according to soil type.
Wetting and drying up to cracking stage with loose and organic soil.
Healthy and big root system
Healthy and big shoots and more production
What is necessary for SRI movement ?
Collaboration of GOs/NGOs/CBOs/WUAsto testing, packaging and dissemination of
SRI method in their working areas. In such collaboration we can generate a movement for the prosperity of this country. Which is
suffering from food deficiency and poverty.
Let's Join Together for SRI.
Participants in SRI field training
SRI Trainer facilitate about seedling preparation for transplanting
Farmers participation in SRI training
Visitors from MOAC, DOA, NARC and DOLS
Visitors from the World Bank and Poverty Alleviation Fund/Nepal
Journalist in the SRI fields
Himal Khabarpatrika
NEPALI TIMES
Channel Nepal
BBC World Service
For more Information please contact
Rajendra Uprety
District Agriculture Development Office, Morang, Biratnagar.
Phone: 021-521358/526568.
Email: [email protected]
www.ciifad.cornell.edu/sri/countries/nepal Prof. Dr. Norman Uphoff ([email protected])