06 - US Constitution Gov

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International MilitaryStudent Preparatory

Course

P 910

U.S. Constitution/

Government


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Learning Objective

TLO B.

Action: Develop awareness of societal/cultural differences andstandards.

Condition:As a CGSOC International Military Student and member

of a staff group; living within the U.S. military, local, national, and IMScommunities; given the community cultural and social environment;handouts; references and readings; practical exercises, groupdialogues, and discussions.

Standard: Development must include:

Acknowledgement of societal/cultural differences.

Relating to protection of human rights.

Providing honorable representation for home country. Demonstrating awareness of historical development and current

structure of U.S. Armed Forces.

Understanding of the U.S. political system.

Demonstrate an understanding of sustainment of the U.S. officercorps.

Acknowledgement of American public and social welfare system.


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Lesson Outline

Articles of Confederation

Constitutional Convention

The United States Constitution Amendments

Branches of The United States Government

Legislative

Executive Judicial

State Governments

Summary

Delayed Practical Exercise


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Problems with

the Articles of

ConfederationThe Congress could

not raise money by

collecting taxes.

The government

had no control

over commerce.

The government could

pass laws but not force

states to comply.

All changes to the Articles

had to be unanimous.


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The Constitutional

Convention


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Key points in the Great

Compromise Bicameral Legislature.

Commerce and slavery.

Nationality requirements.

Amending and ratifying the Constitution.


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The United States

Constitution


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The United States

Constitution (cont) Founded on three principles:

Inherent rights.

Self government.

Separation of powers.


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The United States

Constitution (Cont.) Is the cornerstone of the U.S. Government.

Approved and implemented in 1788.

It describes the structure of the U.SGovernment and the rights of the people.

Provided for a central government that becamethe Supreme law of the land.

Citizens choose their governmentrepresentation.


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The United States

Constitution Creates three branches of the Government.

Through a system of Separation of Powers,each branch operates independently of the other.

Checks and balances prevent concentration of toomuch power in one branch.

Constitution

Legislative

BranchExecutive

Branch

Judicial

Branch


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Amendments


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The Amendment Process Amendments are used to change the Constitution.

There are two ways to get an Amendmentapproved:

Method 1 Method 2

2/3 of the Senate and the

House of Representativesapprove the proposed

Amendment. This is followed

by the approval of 3/4 of

the state legislatures within a

specified time frame. (usually 7 yrs.)

2/3 of the state legislatures call

for a Constitutional Convention.This is followed by approval of 3/4

of the state legislatures within a

specified time frame. (usually 7 yrs.)

-- This method has never been used.


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Bill of Rights

When originally ratified, the US Constitution did not

contain a Bill of Rights.

Many people were concerned about the protection

of their freedoms. 10 amendments were added to the US Constitution

in 1791. Collectively, they are called The Bill of

Rights

The first 8 amendments describe the individualrights.

Amendments 9 and 10 describe the relationship

between the people, the State and the Federal

government.


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Branches of the United

States Government


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Legislative Branch

US Capitol

United States

Senate

United States

House of

Representatives

- Elected by the people of

each state every 2 years.

- Number of representatives

is based on the population of

the state.

- 435 Representatives in the

House.

- Speaker of the House is

selected by the members of

the majority party.

- Elected by the people of

each state every 6 years.

- Every state, regardless

of size is represented by

two Senators.

- 100 Senators in the United

States Senate.

- Vice President is the

President of the Senate


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Organization of the Executive

BranchPresident

Vice

President

Leader of the country

And Commander in

Chief of the Military

Forces.

President of the Senate and

Becomes President if the

President is unable to serve.

ExecutiveAgencies

Departments IndependentAgencies

Make regulations

that help to implement

Laws.

Department heads advise

the President on policy

issues and help execute

those policies.

Help carry out policy or

Provide special services.


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The JudicialBranch


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The Supreme Court

This is the highest court in the land.

The most important responsibility

is to decide cases that raise

questions of constitutional interpretation.

The Court is able to overrule both federaland state laws when they conflict with its

interpretation of the Constitution.

Its decisions are final unless changed by

a Constitutional Amendment.

The Supreme Court is composed of nine

justices.

The justices are appointed by the President,

but must be approved by the Senate.

Once appointed, the justices serve for life un-less they retire, resign or are removed in

accordance with the Constitution.

There are no official qualifications for justices;

however, they must be trained in law.


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The States

Power is shared between

national, state, and local

governments.

This is called Federalism.

Most states replicate the

governmental structureas the United States

government


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Exclusive Powers

Print money

Regulate interstate(between states) and

international trade Make treaties and conduct

foreign policy

Declare war

Provide an army and navy

Establish post offices Make laws necessary andproper to carry out the thesepowers

Issue licenses

Regulate intrastate (withinthe state) businesses

Conduct elections Establish local governments

Ratify amendments to theConstitution

Take measures for public

health and safety May exert powers theConstitution does notdelegate to the nationalgovernment or prohibit thestates from using

National Government State Government


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Concurrent Powers

(Shared Powers)

Collect taxes

Build roads

Borrow money Establish courts

Make and enforce laws

Charter banks and corporations

Spend money for the general welfare

Take private property for public purposes,

with just compensation


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State

Constitution

Legislative

BranchExecutive

Branch

Judicial

Branch

Organization of State Government

Two Houses* Governor &Administrative

Agencies

- Municipal- District

- Appellate

- Supreme Courts

* Nebraska has a single chamber legislature.

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