06. 3-dimensional Computer Graphics &...
Transcript of 06. 3-dimensional Computer Graphics &...
Design Computing
06. 3-dimensional Computer Graphics & Visualization
4/9/2015Digital Design I | HOM3034 | Spring 2015 | Every Thursday 2:00 p.m. – 5:50 pm
Jin Kook Lee, Ph.D. 02-2220-2645 | [email protected] Professor, Space & Design IT Lab.Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University
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Planned rest of the semester: Midterm Exam, Final Project, etc.
Lab Exercises in each class
- Mostly pass/fail based evaluation
- Additional score will be given, if your work is beyond expectation
: Qualitative evaluation in “Course participation”
Midterm Exam
- A brief examination from the course material, fundamental theories
- Not only BIM and parametric modeling issues but also 3d graphics
- Scheduled in May 20th. (TBA if needed)
Final Project: a video-based design presentation, uploaded on YouTube.com
- You are encouraged to use your design studio work
- If not your design studio work, it’s okay. Contents up to you (e.g. lessons in this course, etc.)
- Uploaded and shared by YouTube
- Due date: end of the class (TBA in detail)
Other Mandatory Participation
- Show up in the special Guest Lecture Series (TBA in detail)
What to do today: BIM Applications, using your BIM model
Lecture: BIM-enabled building design approach using Revit
1. Lab Exercise 1: Wall Object – Exterior and Interior wall in Revit and its property “screen shot”
2. Lab Exercise 2: Door & Window Object – Door/Window in Revit and its property “screen shot”
3. Lab Exercise 3: Stair Object and others – Components in Revit “screen shot”
4. Lab Exercise 4: Space Object – Room in Revit and its property “screen shot”
5. Lab Exercise 5: Floor Object – Floor in Revit and its property “myName_LE5_L5.rvt”
6. Lab Exercise 6: Section view “screen shot”
7. Lab Exercise 7: Building Elevation – How to create an entire building floors in elevation view “screen shot”
8. Lab Exercise 8: Editing each floor (Elaborated) “myName_LE7_CHE_bldg.rvt”
Preview: Various BIM Applications
9. Lab Exercise 9: Schedule – Room schedule in Revit no submission required
10. Lab Exercise 10: Exporting Revit model – Geometry models & IFC
“FBX file and IFC file” from your CHE bldg.
Floor Plan CAD file from floor plan views, 3D CAD file from 3D views, etc.
What to do today: Setting up 3d graphics environment
3d Graphics Visualization using 3ds Max Design & Mental Ray renderer
Lecture: 3d Computer Graphics & Visualization
1. Lab Exercise 0: From Revit to 3ds Max using FBX file screenshot
2. Lab Exercise 1: A quick review 3ds Max “five rendering images”
3. Lab Exercise 2: HD rendering “a rendering image”
4. Lab Exercise 3: Watching demo videos no submission
5. Lab Exercise 4: Edit your room interior night scene “a rendering image”
Now you know the strength of BIM & Parametric Modeling
Why we need to use such a technology?
Parametric Curtain Wall
Seoul City Hall, 2012
Non-uniform surface
Panelized curtain wall system
Design models vs. As built pictures (Seoul City Hall)
Parametric Curtain Wall Skin example
the ribbon-glass facade is based on five spline curves and fabricated by brooklyn-based roxy lab.
Lincoln Square Synagogue, New York CetraRuddy with Front
Spline Curve & CV to control the shape
Glowing ribbon-shaped Façade using LED
DDP, design by Zaha Hadid
Zaha Hadid, from Google Image Serarch
Not a simple box shape interior
Non-uniform Surface Panels
DDP, design by Zaha Hadid
Zaha Hadid, from Google Image Serarch
10 years & 500,000,000,000 KRW
Each single panel has different shapes
DDP, design by Zaha Hadid
Zaha Hadid, from Google Image Serarch
DDP, design by Zaha Hadid
Non-uniform Building Design
Building Mass Types & Non-uniform Design
Box shape
Diagonal line shape
Segmentation shape
Free-line curved surface
Case Study: Tri Balls (인천세계도시축전기념관)
Design Process of an Irregular-shaped Building
by i-Arch Design
Concept: 세개의 공 – 세 곳의 인천 자유경제지구 – 송도, 청라, 영종 지구
Design Process
Reverse-engineering
Create geometry using physical mock-up models (Laser Scan)
Parametric Modeling by Rhino, CATIA
Non-uniform design (Conceptual design)
Rapid Prototyping 3d printing
Geometry Optimization
Conceptual design to “constructible” design
Parametric Modeling Quantity take-off, etc.
Construction
Surface Panelization:
2,600 individually produced panels (Anodizing: 코팅 알루미늄)
Parametric Modeling
Geometric shape design
Floor modeling
Surface pattern design
Paneling
Structured object hierarchy
(relation)
Real-time update of panel details
according to design changes using
Excel-based parameter sheet
Reusable, Efficient, Productive
Salvador Dali Museum
by HOK + Beck Group
Design Process
A box-shape mass + Non-uniform shape (rhomboid curtain wall panel system)
Design & Construction
Design & Construction
Parametric Modeling
This design could be realized even without advanced design computing technologies.
However, BIM, IPD, especially Parametric Modeling enabled this building design to be realized
in the most efficient way.
Obviously BIM & other advanced DCOM technologies
are the promising way to go,
but we need to use visualization tools in advance.
3d Computer Graphics & Visualization of your design
CG & Visualization: Where you are involved in?
Design Construction
OperationDemolition
Analysis & simulation
Cost estimate / Quantity take-off & Scheduling
Specifications
Visualizations
Drawings
Rule checking / review
Building Lifecycle
Clash detection
4D Simulation& construction management
Rapid prototyping & digital fabrication
CG & Visualization: Rendering – all about lights
Lighting
- Direct Illumination (e.g. Sunlight)
- Indirect Illumination
- Environment
Target Objects
- Diffuse
- Intensity
- Texture Map
- Shadow casting
- Ambient Occlusion …
- Reflection
- Refraction
- Caustics
Camera
- Source, Target
- Field of View
Autodesk 3ds Max
What to do in 3ds MAX (& other general 3d tools)
1 Modeling: Create objects
2 Rendering: Visualize scenes
1 Assign materials
2 Add lights
3 Setup cameras
4 Rendering options & render scenes
1 Create 2d geometry and 3d objects
2 Import objects
3 Manage objects: object modification
3 Animation: Animate scenes
Modeling Very hard and time-consuming
Rendering Many things to take care of
Animating Hardware dependent
3ds MAX 2009
Cartesian Coordinate System
View Cube
Work space: Model here!
Steering Wheel
Use Hotkeys!
3ds MAX Design 2015 3ds MAX Design 2016 (will be released in this May)
Use hotkeys! – Useful 3ds MAX hotkeys (basic keys)
Viewing
Alt + W : Maximize the viewport, and back
G : Show/hide grids
F3 : Toggle between wireframe view and Shading
F4 : View edge face wireframe, available in shading view
C : View camera, P : View perspective, T : top view, L : left view, F : front view, B : bottom view…
Ctrl + X : Toggle expert mode
Shit + Z, Shift Y : Undo, Redo viewport operation
+, - : Increase, decrease Gizmo size
Object Handling
Q : Click Selection tool
W : Click Move tool
E : Click Rotate tool
R : Click Scale tool
H : Select by name
Ctrl A : select all, Ctrl D : deselect all,
Space bar : selection lock toggle (keep selecting current ones only if turned on)
Utility
M : Material editor
F10 : Render setup
Shift + Q : Rendering
3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design
Define UoD
Retouching in 2d Graphics Tools
Modeling
Material mapping
Rendering
Lights Camera Rendering scenes
Modeling universe (environment) Modeling design elements
2d sketch 3d modeling
Import Modification…
Planes Walls
Sky, outside view Modification…
What’s in your mind? - Roughly sketch it freehand if needed - Plan hierarchy diagram and objects
Photoshop (or others) supports lots of complicated effects- Modify: Level, Color balance, Sharpness, Gaussian blur, etc.- Add: Remapping, Compose, Texts, etc.
3ds MAX use scenario in interior architecture design
Before modeling & rendering – Defining UoD first!
Roughly design your universe
This UoD is not reflecting real world – totally visualization purposed surfaces
Modeling is very hard and tedious
Reuse pre-defined object models
Use pasted bitmap images for drawing section profiles
Model in 3ds MAX, not in AutoCAD
Make all edges smooth – e.g. NURMS, Bevel…
Rendering basics
Use high-quality bitmap images for mapping (doesn’t mean only high-resolution)
(Take pictures whenever you find good interior design material, and Photoshop)
Three lightings and one camera for furniture, lots of lightings for interior design
Use Mental Ray (or other ray tracing: e.g. V-Ray etc.) for global reflection
Less is more – Retouch in Photoshop or others, don’t try too much in 3ds MAX.
Don’t forget your final result is just a mere 2d image!
Why Mental Ray in 3ds Max Design?
Arch & Design Material + ProMaterials(AKA Autodesk Materials)+ Photometric Lights Mental Ray
In October of 2006, Autodesk implemented a material type called the “Arch &
Design” material for the 3d Studio Max implementation of mental ray.
Easy to use, yet flexible: complicated than Vray but simpler
Templates: fast access to common materials
Physically accurate
Glossy performance
Tweakable BRDF (Bidirectional reflectance distribution function)
Transparency
Round corners: make it realistic – catch the light on edges
Indirect Illumination control
Built-in Ambient Occlusion
Ray-traced & photo-realistic preset materials
Lab Exercises
Next Class
Track 2: Theories in 3d graphics & tool
Design Visualization:
- Renderers: Vray & Mental Ray
Track 4: 3d Graphics Lab
SketchUP & 3dsMAX