04_tm2136en00en_wimax Phy and Mac Layer

7/26/2019 04_tm2136en00en_wimax Phy and Mac Layer

1/78

PHY and MAC Layer

TM2136 - WiMAX Introduction 1


2/78

2

OSI Reference Model

MAC Layer Adressing

MAC-Frame

Management Functions

QoS Aspects

Privacy Sublayer

Basic rincip!es

"M rotoco!

PHY Layer

Modu!ation Met#ods $S"% QAM% &F'M(

'up!e) Mec#anism $F''% T''(

Table of Contents



3/78

3

Communication according to

te OSI Reference Model

App!ication

resentation

Session

Transport

*et+or,

'ata in,#.sica!

App!ication

resentation

Session

Transport

*et+or,

'ata in,#.sica!'

irec

tcommunication

/irtua! Communication

0nd s.stem 0nd s.stem



4/78

Sell!ty"e Structure of

te Communication Process

ReceiverTransmitter

# $ata # $ata

% # $ata % # $ata

& % # $ata & % # $ata

'

&

% # $ata ' & % # $ata

( ' & % # $ata ( ' & % # $ata

) ( ' & % # $ata ) ) ( ' & % # $ata )

* ) ( ' & % # $ata ) * ) ( ' & % # $ata )

TM2136 - WiMAX Introduction


5/78

I+++ ,-).*% /

Protocol Stac0

T#e I000 standard 42516 speciies

Medium Access Contro! !a.er $MAC( and

#.sica! !a.er $78(

o i)ed oint-to-Mu!tipoint Broad9and Wire!ess Access $BWA(

s.stems pro:iding mu!tip!e ser:ices5

T#e MAC !a.er is structured to support M;TI0 #.sica! !a.er

speciications5



6/78

6

I+++ ,-).*% /

PHY and MAC Overvie1

MAC

PHY

14 555 66 11


7/78

?

4iMA5 6ridging 2unctionality

,-).*%

,-).)

,-).*%

,-).)

,-).(

,-).)

,-).(

,-).)

PPPo+

PPP

IP

,-).(

,-).)

Air Interace

4iMA5

6ase

Station

,-).(

,-).)

,-).(

,-).)

Trans"ort

7et1or0

,-).(

,-).)

PPPo+

PPP

IP

Subscriber

Station

;

'

TM2136 - WiMAX Introduction ?


8/78

MAC$Media

Access

Contro!a.er(

Ser:ice SpeciicCon:ergence Su9!a.er

$CS(

Common art Su9!a.er$CS(

ri:ac.Su9!a.er

PHY$#.sica!

a.er(

78$#.sica! a.er(

I+++ ,-).*% /

Protocol Stac0

8ser Plane



9/78

I+++ ,-).*% /

PHY and MAC Alternatives

PHY Alternatives

&F'M $Wire!essMA*-&F'M Air Interace(

26-point FFT +it# T'MA $T''@F''(

&F'MA $Wire!essMA*-&F'MA Air Interace(

24-point FFT +it# &F'MA $T''@F''(

Sing!e-Carrier $Wire!essMA*-SCa Air Interace( T'MA

MAC Overvie1

oint-to-Mu!tipoint

Connection-oriented

7ig#er a.er protoco! independent $I% 0t#ernet% ATM >( F!e)i9!e QoS oering

CBD% rt-/BD% nrt-/BD% B0% +it# granu!arit. +it#in c!asses

FFT Fast Fourier Transormation



10/78

14

MAC Overvie1

Te MAC Layer9Media Access Control:



11/78

11

MAC Overvie1

MAC independent o 78

' +or,s on a tM-9asis $sectori=ed antennae(

Connection-oriented

16 Bit Connection I' $CI'(

MAC co:ers *et+or, 0ntr. o SS

ro:ides QoS using sc#edu!ed ser:ice !o+s



12/78

12

MAC$Media

Access

Contro!a.er(


$CS(


ri:ac.Su9!a.er

PHY$#.sica!

a.er(

78$#.sica! a.er(

CS / Service S"ecific

Convergence Sublayer

8ser Plane



13/78

13

Ty"es of Convergence Sublayers

CS used to adapt #ig#er !a.ers to MAC

I000 42516 speciies t+o dierent Con:ergence Su9!a.ers

ATM CS $or ATM(

ac,et CS $or I% 0t#ernet(

ATM As.nc#ronous Transer Mode



14/78

1

ATM CS

ATM CS P$8 HeaderATM CS P$8 Payload 9', bytes:

ATM CS PDU

T#ree &ptions or ATM 7eader

norma! ATM ce!! #eader $ 9.tes( transparent transmission o ATM ce!!s

suppression o /I $#eader si=e 3 9.tes( / s+itc#ing

suppression o /I and /CI $#eader si=e 1 9.te( /C s+itc#ing

7ote;

W#et#er or not pa.!oad #eader suppression $7S( is used% is signa!!ed at MAC connection

creation5 I suppression is used% /I@/CI can 9e reconstructed at t#e end o t#e peer%

t#roug# mapping o t#e CI' $see MAC-a.er(5

'; rotoco! 'ata ;nit

/I /irtua! at# Identiier/CI /irtua! C#anne! Identiier



15/78

1

Pac0et CS

used or encapsu!ation o I or 0t#ernet ac,ets

a!!o+s #eader suppression $optiona!E(

7S $a.!oad 7eader Suppression( can 9e used

- 0t#ernet@I-7eader +i!! 9e suppressed

i 7S is used% t#en recei:er needs a mapping ta9!e or reconstructing

t#e origina! #eader

CID

(Connection ID)

Reconstruction

Rules



16/78

16

MAC$Media

Access

Contro!a.er(


$CS(


ri:ac.Su9!a.er

PHY$#.sica!

a.er(

78$#.sica! a.er(

MAC /

Common Part Sublayer

8ser Plane



17/78

1?

$o1nlin0 /

Point!to!Multi"oint Conce"t

' $BS - SS( operates an a tM 9asis $using sectori=ed antennae(

+it#in antenna sector 9roadcast $Gto a!!H(

SS c#ec, or CI'PtMP

9roadcast

9roadcast

9roadcast

TM2136 - WiMAX Introduction 1?


18/78

1

8"lin0 / Conce"t

; $SS - BS( is s#ared on a demand 9asis

rig#t to send

issued continous!. $;


19/78

1

MAC P$8 2rame 2ormat

MAC Header

9e.g.


20/78

24

MAC Header 2ormats

uest 96R: MAC Header

used 9. SS to reuest more 9and+idt# on ;



21/78

HT $7eader T.pe( ? - 9uest Header:

Ty"e indicates su9-#eaders% e5g5 or ragmentation% pac,ing% etc5

CI$ $Connection Identiier(

&ptions e5g5 0C $0ncr.ption Contro!( i pa.!oad is enc- r.pted

CI $CDC Indicator( indicates CDC

L+7 $engt#( in 9.tes o t#e MAC '; inc!uding t#e MAC #eader

6R $Band+idt# Deuest( num9er o 9.tes o up!in, 9and+idt# reuested 9. t#e Su9scri9er Station

21

7T

T.pe

CI'

.

..

CI$7A4(

-0*

$7T4(

BD

$7T1(

Su9#eader

CDC

$optiona!(

on!. i 7AT4

Outloo0 of MAC Header

MAC P$8

MAC eader MAC "ayload



22/78

22

doesnJt contain pa.!oad inormation

#eader !engt# 6 9.tes

T.pe

incrementa! reuest add BD 9.tes-to t#e reuirements or CI'

u!! reuest $ca!!ed aggregate( tota! num9er o BD 9.tes or CI'

BD indicates t#e num9er o 9.tes reuested

CI' indicates t#e connection or +#ic# t#e up!in, 9and+idt# is reuired

7I1$19it(

0C1$19it(

T.pe

$69its(

444444

increm

enta!

444441

aggreg

ate

7CS

$39its(

BD

$169its(

CI'

$169its(

MAC P$8 for 6and1idt Re>uest

MAC P$8 9% bytes:



23/78

23

-

ossi9!e su9-#eaders $descri9ed 9. T.pe ie!d(

Fragmentation su9-#eader

ac,ing su9-#eader

Automatic Depeat Deuest $ADQ(


24/78

2

Fragment Contro! $FC(L

First Fragment 14

Continuing Fragment 11

ast Fragment 41

;nragmented 44

2ragmentation and

2ragmentation Rules

MAC S';s $e5g5 I pac,ets( are

di:ided into one or more MAC ';s

Idea to reduce ris, o pac,et !oss Initiators BS or ' and SS or ;

t#e ragmentation must 9e acti:ed or

t#e speciic connection :ia signa!ing

2ragmentati

on rules

L FC Fie!d art o Fragm-entation su9-#eader

FC =10 FC =11 FC =11... FC =01

1st fragm. last fragm.



25/78

2

Pac0ing variable lengt MAC S$8 into a single MAC P$8

S7 ac,ing Su9-7eader $2 9.tes(

i)ed !engt#

MAC S';

!engt# n

Pac0ing

ac,ing com9ines mu!tip!e #ig#er !a.er S';s

a!!o+s 9etter 9and+idt# uti!i=ation

Pac0ing fi@ed lengt MAC S$8s into a single MAC P$80 MAC S$8s

MAC7eader

0*nL,N

i)ed !engt#MAC S';

!engt# n

i)ed !engt#MAC S';

!engt# n

i)ed !engt#MAC S';

!engt# n

7S

-engt#c2

:aria9!e !engt#

MAC S';

!engt# c

0 MAC S$8s

MAC7eader0*NT.pe44441)9

7Sengt#a2 :aria9!e !engt#

MAC S';!engt# a

7Sengt#92 :aria9!e !engt#

MAC S';!engt# 9



26/78

26

Automatic Re"eat Re>uest 9AR: Protocol

TC-!i,e re!ia9!e protoco! using AC"O operating on MAC !a.er uses s!iding-+indo+ $P o MAC S'; 9!oc,s +@o AC" is speciied( recei:er sends AC" or negati:e AC" message

re-transmission o !ost or errored 9!oc,s

AC" Ac,no+!edgement

*( *'

S$8B* S$8B)Frag 4 Frag 1 Frag 4 Frag 1

Frag 2 o S';P1 Frag 4 o S';P2

Detransmission o '; P2 1it rearrangement

ac,et '; P3

Frag 1 o S';P1 Frag 4 o

S';P2

Detransmission o '; P2 1itout rearrangement

& % # , *- ** *) *( *' *& *%

& , *- ** *) *)

&rigina! transmission

ac,et '; P

T+o consecuti:e S';s presented to MAC or t#e same connection

'; P1 ac,et '; P2

Frag 4 o S';P1 Frag 1 o S';P1 Frag 4 o S';P2

& % # ,

'; P3

Frag 1 o S';P1

, ,

*- *- ** *) *) *( *'

, , *- ** *) *) *( *'



27/78

2?

MAC Adressing

Subscriber Station 9SS:

MAC-Address $ Bit(

used during initia! ranging process to esta9!is# t#e appropriate

connection or an SS

6ase Station 96S:

Base Station I' $programma9!e K 6 Bit(

Connection

Connection I' $CI' K 16 Bit(

used or user data connections and or managementconnections $9asic% primar.% secondar.(

-



28/78

2

7et1or0 +ntry /

Subscriber Station InitialiDation

*: $L!Cannel SyncroniDation

SS searc#es or '-rames and s.nc#roni=es using pream9!e

): Initial Ranging

Setting sending parameters $po+er% code parameters% p#ase(

(: Ca"ability +@cange

Modu!ation met#od% coding rates% dup!e) met#od

': Autentication

0sta9!is#ing aut#entication and encr.ption

&: Registration

I-/ersion% ADQ parameters% !o+ contro!% error correction%: IP!Connectivity

Management connection 9et+een BS and SS

#: Creation of $ata Connection

,: Periodic Ranging



29/78

2

Subscriber Station InitialiDation

Scan $o1nlin0

cannel

SyncroniDed

Obtain Parameters

Start initial Ranging

Connection allocation for initial ranging

4ait for 8L MAP to get contention slot

Ranging "assed

+@cange ca"abilities failed

+@cangeca"abilities

Autentication

Autentication failed

7egotiation ca"abilities

7ot SyncroniDedAutentication "assed

Registration failed

Registration

Registration "assed

IP connectivity failed

IP connectivity "assedCreate connection failed

IP connectivity

Create connection

Created connection

Periodic ranging



30/78

7et1or0 +ntry /

*: $L!Cannel SyncroniDation

SS scans or a c#anne! in t#e pre-deined reuenc. !ist

$compare to WA*(

*orma!!. SS +i!! 9e conigured to use speciic BS $gi:en set o operationa!

parameters - reuenc.% po+er - +#en operating in a !icensed 9and(5

I SS inds ' c#anne!

s.nc#roni=es at 78 $detects t#e periodic rame pream9!e(

MAC !oo,s or 'C' and ;C' $to get inormation on modu!ation

and ot#er ' and ; parameters5

'C' ' C#anne! 'escriptor

;C' ; C#anne! 'escriptor

34



31/78

31

7et1or0 +ntry /

): Initial Ranging

Sending Ranging Re>uest MAC Message $during initia! ranging inter:a!(

using minimum transmission po+er

I no response

SS sends t#e ranging reuest again using #ig#er transmission po+er

I SS recei:es response% response eit#er indicates

success% i5e5 SS is read. to send data on t#e ; or

po+er and timing corrections or SS

I response indicates corrections% SS sends anot#er ranging reuest

ater ma,ing t#ese corrections



32/78

32

7et1or0 +ntry /

(: Ca"ability +@cange

SS sends a Ca"ability Re>uest Message to t#e BS t#is message descri9es capa9i!ities in terms o

supported modu!ation !e:e!s

coding sc#emes

coding rates

dup!e)ing met#ods

BS accepts or denies t#e SS% 9ased on its capa9i!ities5



33/78

33

7et1or0 +ntry /

': Autentication

BS aut#enticates SS and pro:ides ,e. materia! to ena9!e data

cip#ering

SS sends to BS

X54 certiicate $pro:ided 9. SS manuacturer(

description o supported cr.ptograp#ic a!gorit#ms

BS

:a!idates identit. o SS

determines cip#er a!gorit#m and protoco!

sends an aut#entication response to SS

SS "eriodically perormes aut#entication and ,e. e)c#angeprocedures to reres# its ,e. materia!



34/78

7et1or0 +ntry /

&: Registration

SS sends a Registration Re>uest Message to BS

BS sends a Degistration Desponse to SS

Degistration e)c#ange inc!udes

I :ersion support

ADQ parameters support

CDC support

!o+ contro!

ADQAutomatic Depeat Deuest

3



35/78

7et1or0 +ntry /

%: IP Connectivity

SS starts $HCP to get I-address and ot#er parameters to

esta9!is# I connecti:it. $S*-mas,% deau!t gate+a.(

BS and SS maintain current date and time using

Time of te $ay "rotocol $DFC 6(

SS t#en do+n!oads operationa! parameters using T2TP

'7C '.namic 7ost Coniguration rotoco!

TFT Tri:ia! Fi!e Transer rotoco!

3



36/78

36

7et1or0 +ntry /

#: Creation of $ata Connection

For "re!"rovisioned service flo1s% connection creation process

is initiated 9. t#e BS BS sends a d.namic ser:ice !o+ Addition Re>uest Message

to SS

SS sends a response to conirm creation o connection

7on!"re!"rovisioned service flo1s are initiated 9. t#e SS

SS is sending a d.namic ser:ice !o+ Addition Deuest Message

to BS

BS responds +it# a conirmation



37/78

3?

oS in 4iMA5

WiMAX +or,s +it# a "olling!based MAC layer

more deterministic t#an t#e contention-9ased MAC

used 9. 42511

0ac# connection is associated +it# a sing!e

sceduling data service

eac# sc#edu!ing data ser:ice is associated +it# a set

o QoS parameters

I000 42516 speciies four ty"es of sceduling data

services



38/78

3

Sceduling $ata Services

8


39/78

3

Sceduling $ata Services

eac# ; connection is assigned to a ser:ice c!ass as

part o t#e creation o t#e connection

- see G*et+or, 0ntr.H description K GCreation o

'ata ConnectionH



40/78

4

Service Classes for different Services

ac,et

C!assiier

ac,et

Deconstruct' Traic

rocessor

ac,et

Deconstruct

; BWDeuest


41/78

1

Traffic $escri"tors in ,-).*%

Ma@imum Sustained Rate 9MSR:

ea, Inormation Date $ID( - speciied in 9ps +ire!ess !in, must 9e po!iced to c#ec, or conormance

$discard i MSD e)ceededE(

tolerated 9best effort:

Minimum Reserved Rate 9MRR:

Minimum Date reser:ed per ser:ice !o+ K in 9ps

a!so atenc.% itter according to Traic Contract

MDD

MSD guaranteed

!F oS guarantees

ma)5 !atenc.% ma)5 Nitter% Bit 0rror Date



42/78

2

oS Parameter Set /

Service Class

0ac# Ser:ice F!o+ #as some assigned QoS parameters

speciies e5g5

ma@imum delay

minimum delay

6it +rror Rate 9default tresold; *-!%:

Service Classes or Service Class 7ames 9SC7: deine

a common set o QoS parameters

at Ser:ice F!o+ !e:e! QoS parameters o Ser:ice C!assescan 9e o:er+ritten

Ser:ice C!asses a!so used or billing

Gitter 9delay variation:



43/78

3

Service 2lo1s

$ynamic Service 2lo1s using 42516 Management Messages

create a ne+ !o+ $'SA - '.namic Ser:ice Addition(

c#ange an e)isting !o+ $'SC - '.namic Ser:ice C#ange(

de!ete an e)isting $'S' - '.namic Ser:ice 'e!etion(

Static Service 2lo1s

pro:isioned t#roug# t#e net+or, management s.stem

7ote;T#ese mentioned protoco!s are critica! to carriers% as t#e. e!iminate t#e need

to sc#edu!e c#anges during a maintenance +indo+ and t#ereorereduce t#e mean time to pro:ision ne+ ser:ices5

T#e. a!!o+ pro:iders to add ne+ su9scri9ers% modi. traic contracts

and@or rec!aim resources on te fly +it#out interering +it# ot#er

e)isting su9scri9ers5



44/78

+@am"le of a $ynamic Service 2lo1 /

Creation of a ne1 Service 2lo1 using $SA

'SA reuest $'SA-D0Q( can 9e initiated 9. eit#er t#e Base Station

or t#e Su9scri9er Station

'SA-D0Q rom Su9scri9er Station contains Ser:ice F!o+ reerence

and QoS parameters

Base Station $ater sending an 'SX-Decei:e message( responds

+it# 'SA-DS eit#er acce"ting or reecting t#e reuest

I reuest is reNected 9ecause o a non-supported parameter% t#at

speciic parameter ma. 9e indicated +it# t#e DS

SS

6S

$SA!R+

$SA!Ac0no1ledge

$S5!RE$

$SA!RSP

9IAcce"tJorIR

eHectJ:



45/78

MAC Management Messages

Broad set o Management Messages $not a!! i)ed .etO I000 42516g(

carried in t#e pa.!oad part o t#e MAC ';

T#ree t.pes o MAC management messages are pair+ise $;@'(

esta9!is#ed 9et+een SS and BS $can 9e recognised 9. t#e user :ia CI'(

6asic Management Messages; s#ort% time urgent messages

Primary Management Messages; !ong and more to!erant messages

Secondary Management Messages; standard 9ased messages%

e5g5 '7C% TFT% S*M etc5

additiona!!. some t.pes o 9roadcast messages% e5g5 ;C'% 'C' etc5





46/78

6

Management

Message Ty"e Management Message Payload

+@am"les for

MAC Management Messages

Sme exam!les:Ty"e Mess. 7ame Message $escri"tion Connection

4 ;C' ;p!in, C#anne! 'escriptor Broadcast

1 'C' 'o+n!in, C#anne! 'escriptor Broadcast

2 '-MA 'o+n!in, Access 'einition Broadcast

3 ;-MA ;p!in, Access 'einition Broadcast

11 'SA-D0Q '.namic Ser:ice Addition De5 rimar. Mgmt5

12 'SA-DS '.namic Ser:5 Add5 Desponse rimar. Mgmt5

13 'SA-AC" '.namic Ser:5 Add5 Ac,no+!edge rimar. Mgmt5

23 'BC-D0Q ' Burst roi!e C#ange Deuest Basic

34 'SX-D/' 'S) Decei:e Message rimar. Mgmt5

555 555 555



47/78

?

MAC$Media

Access

Contro!a.er(


$CS(


ri:ac.Su9!a.er

PHY$#.sica!

a.er(

78$#.sica! a.er(

Privacy Sublayer

8ser Plane



48/78

Privacy Sublayer

Autentication

Autorisation

+nca"sulation 9+ncry"tion:

Key Management



49/78

Privacy Sublayer

AutoriDationControl

KeyManagement

+AP+nca"sulationPKI!6ased

Autentication

PKM Message Layer

"I u9!ic "e. Inrastructure

"M u9!ic "e. Management

0A 0)tensi9!e

Aut#entication rotoco!



50/78

+nca"sulation Protocol

0ncr.ption ser:ices deined as set o capa9i!ities +it#in

t#e MAC ri:ac. Su9!a.er

0ncr.ption is a!+a.s app!ied to t#e MAC '; pa.!oad


51/78

1

Privacy Key Management

Privacy Key Management Protocol 9PKM: used 9. Su9scri9er Station

to o9tain aut#ori=ation rom Base Station

to o9tain traic ,e.ing materia! rom t#e Base Station to support periodic re-aut#ori=ation and ,e. reres#5

"M uses

X54 digita! certiicates Ru9!ic "e. InrastructureO DFC 2

u9!ic "e. 0ncr.ption

strong a!gorit#ms to perorm ,e. e)c#ange 9et+een SS and BS

$e5g5 0A-A"A% 0A-MSC7A:2(



52/78

2

Initial AutoriDation

Base Station aut#enticates a Su9scri9er Station during t#e

Initial AutoriDation "rocess

0ac# Su9scri9er Station carries a uniue X54 digita! certiicate issued 9.t#e Su9scri9er Stations manuacturer5 T#is digital certificate contains

Su9scri9er Stations u9!ic "e.

Su9scri9er Station MAC address5

Initial AutoriDation

SS presents its digita! certiicate to BS

BS :eriies t#e digita! certiicate% using t#e :eriied u9!ic "e. to encr.pt t#e

Aut#ori=ation "e.

Aut#ori=ation "e. sent 9ac, rom BS to reuesting SS



53/78

3

Re!AutoriDation $periodica!!.% ater ac#ie:ing initia! aut#ori=ation(

to reres# aging encr.ption ,e.s

*ote

At a!! times t#e Base Station maintains t+o acti:e sets o ,e.ing materia! per

su9scri9er station5 T#e !ietimes o t#e t+o generations o:er!ap suc# t#at eac#

generation 9ecomes acti:e #a!+a. t#roug# t#e !ie o it predecessor and e)pires

#a!+a. t#roug# t#e !ie o its successor5

Re!AutoriDation



54/78

,-).*% Security Conce"t Overvie1

Subscriber

Station

6ase Station3

RA$I8S 9$IAM+T+R:

Client

RA$I8S

9$IAM+T+R: Server

0A Met#ods $e5g5 0A-MSC7A:2(

+AP over RA$I8S3$IAM+T+R

PKM3+AP 1it A+S

-Authentication (Initial Auth./Re-Auth.)- Encryption

0A 0)tensi9!e Aut#entication rotoco!

A0S Ad:anced 0ncr.ption Standard

MSC7A MicroSot C#a!!enge 7ands#a,e

Aut#entication rotoco!

DA'I;S Demote Aut#5 'ia! In ;ser Ser:ice



55/78

PHY / Pysical Layer

Te PHY Layer9Pysical:



56/78

6

MAC$Media

Access

Contro!a.er(


$CS(


Securit.Su9!a.er

PHY$#.sica!

a.er(

78$#.sica! a.er(

PHY / Pysical Layer

8ser Plane



57/78

?

PHY Overvie1

*- / %%


58/78

PHY Mecanisms

O2$M9A: ac#ie:es #ig# data rate and eicienc. 9. using

mu!tip!e ort#ogona! $o:er!apping( carrier signa!s

9. using mu!tip!e carriers reliable communication can 9e maintained

,ind o carrier redundanc. $i one carrier is interrupted some ot#ers sti!!

can 9e used(

S"ectral +fficiency 9no5 o 9its carried 9. t#e c#anne!( & bits3HD

i5e5 ?4 M9it@s o usa9!e data in a 24 M7=-c#anne!5

Ada"tive Modulation and Coding $AMC(

dependent on ua!it. o signa! $9ased on S*D(

&F'M$A( &rt#ogona! Freuenc. 'i:ision Mu!tip!e)ing $Access(

S*D Signa! to *oise Datio



59/78

O2$M 6asics

Freuenc.

A ma)imum o one carrier reuenc. !ies precise!. at t#e =ero position

o a!! ot#er carrier reuencies in t#e reuenc. range

T#e reuencies do not interere +it# eac# ot#er

&:er!a.ing o t#e reuencies in t#e same reuenc. range is

possi9!e

- Band+idt# Sa:e

Amp!itude



60/78

Com"arison O2$M ! 2$M

6 Su9scri9ers

2re>uency

64

6 Su9scri9ers

2$M 1it % Sub!carriers

O2$M 1it % Sub!carriers

Saved 2re>uency9?6and1idt:

Saved 2re>uency9?6and1idt:

2re>uency



61/78

61

O2$M 6asics

42516 preerred &F'M mode reuires 26 point FFT &ptiona! &F'MA +it# 24 point FFT

Ad:antage 0specia!!. suita9!e or *&S $mu!tipat#

en:ironment(

FFT Fast Fourier Transormation



62/78

62

)&% O2$M

Cannels


63/78

63

Cannel

6and1idt


64/78

6

SO2$MA

Sca!a9!e &F'MA

+i!! 9e imp!emented +it# 42516e

a!!o+s reduction o FFT si=e $rom 24 to 12(

9and+idt# range 152 K 24 M7=



65/78

6

Modulation Metods

modu!ation o su9-carriers

PSK; Pase Sift Keying

AM; uadrature Am"litude Modulation



66/78

S*D Signa! *oise Datio

66

Ada"tive Modulation and Coding 9AMC:

Modu!ation and Coding is adapted to signa! strengt# $S*D(

6PSK

S7R ? % d6

PSKS7R ? d6

*% AM

S7R ? *% d6

%' AM

S7R ? )) d6

Tries to use most

eecti:e modu!ation

met#od



67/78

6?

Modulation Metods

Amp!itude

Pase Sifting Keying

BS"

QS"

16 QAM

#ase

#ase

uadrature Am"litude Mod.

6 QAM



68/78

6

+@am"le for $ata Rate $e"endency

on Modulation Metod

Cannel siDe9MHD:

6it rate9Mb3s:PSK

6it rate9Mb3s:*% AM

6it rate9Mb3s:%' AM

24 32 6 6

2 4 4 124

2 5 56 135

*ote Frame 'uration 1 msec



69/78

6

2$$

$L

8L

2re>uency

Time

T$$2re>uency

Time

8L $L 8L $L

2re>uency3Time $ivision $u"le@

For separation o

users in &F'M

' and ; 2$$; ; and ' transmissions are simu!taneous use dierent seuences

T$$ ; and ' transmissions occur at dierent times 9ut ma. s#are t#e

same reuenc.



70/78

?4

O2$M 2rame Structure for T$$

2rame n

' 78 ';Contention

Initia! ranging

Contention

Band+idt#

reuest

; 78 ';

rom SSP1

; 78 ';

rom SSPn

ream9!e FC7 ' 9urst P1 ' 9urst Pn

'F MAC ';s'-MA% ;-MA%'C'%;C'

MAC

';sMAC

';sA'

MAC 7eader MAC pa.!oad CDC

ream9!e ; 9urst

2rame n*2rame n!*

Time

$L subframe 8L subframe

FC7 Frame Contro! 7eader

'F ' Frame rei)



Bra"#ast messages Un$#ast message

fr $n"$%. SS

...

...

TM2136 - WiMAX Introduction ?4


71/78

?1

I+++ ,-).*%e

I+++ ,-).*%e



72/78

?2

I+++ ,-).*%e /

Mobile +nancements

MAC and 78 0n#ancements $S&F'MA(

o+er consumption reduction

7and-& $7and-o:er(

25 Douting



73/78

?3

I+++ ,-).*%e /

Mobile +nancements

Po1er Consum"tion Reduction

SS oten +i!! use Batter. o+er

Introduction o t+o modes or t#e SS

A1a0e!mode and Slee"!Mode

A1a0e!mode SS is recei:ing and

transmitting ';s in a norma! +a.

Slee"!Mode a!!o+s t#e SS to po+er

do+n5

S!eep-inter:a!

istening-inter:a!



74/78

?

Te Slee"!Mode

7otification of 7O

a1aiting P$8s

6S

6S

6S

SS

SS

SS

Slee" Interval

2inisedSlee" Interval

2inised

4or0ing

Mode

Slee"

Mode

N

N

ND



75/78

?

Te Slee"!Mode )

6SSS

Slee"

Mode

N

N

ND

7otification of 7O

a1aiting P$8s

6SSS

6SSS

Slee" Interval

2inisedSlee" Interval

2inised

Return to

4or0ing

Mode

6uffering P$8s



76/78

?6

I+++ ,-).*%e /

Mobile +nancements

Callenges for Hand!Off

O"timiDe L) and!off

Provide trigger to L(

Allo1s mobile SS to move efficiently bet1een 6Ss

Smootes 6S transitions 1it minimal loss of P$8s

2ast 6S transition to guarantee oS



77/78

??

I+++ ,-).*%e /

Mobile +nancements

Communication !in, 9et+een termina! and Internet must 9e preser:ed

I address s#ou!d sta. t#e same e:en i a termina! is mo:ing

SS 6S

TM2136 - WiMAX Introduction ??


78/78

?

TC

I

25 AB0

0T7

78

I+++ ,-).*%e /

Mobile +nancements

I+++ ,-).*%e "ro"oses to use L).& label to set u" tunnel 9"at:

com"aring to MPLS

S1itcing faster tan Routing

oS "ossible

3

La

b

e

l

S

1

i

t

c

i

n

g

2

1

M

04_tm2136en00en_wimax Phy and Mac Layer

Documents

Transcript of 04_tm2136en00en_wimax Phy and Mac Layer