04-LAN Technologies and Properties

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LAN Technologies and Properties

LAN Technology


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Objectives

Categorize LAN technology types and properties

Network+2009 Objective 2.6

Part 1

Agenda

LANTechnology

Basebandvs.

Broadband

EthernetLAN Types

Speed andDistance


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Baseband vs. Broadband

Baseband only One Channel

Broadband Multiple Channels

MediaBandwidth

S

i

g

n

a

l

MediaBandwidth

S

i

g

na

l

All LAN standards useBaseband Signaling


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Ethernet Physical layer specifications

Data Link MAC

Sub-Layer

Physical Layer Ethernet

10BASE-5

IEEE 802.3

10BASE-2

10BASE-T

100BASE-TX

100BASE-FX

1000BASE-LX

1000BASE-T

1000BASE-SX

1000BASE-CX

10GBASE-T

10GBASE-SR

10GBASE-SW

LAN Type specification name has threeparts

10

100

1000

10G

BASE

5

2

T

TX

F

FX

LX

SX

Data Rate

Distance /

Modulation /

Media


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Common Ethernet LAN Types

10 Mb/s

10Base2

10Base5

10BaseT

10BaseF

100Mb/s

100BaseTX

100BaseFX

1000Mb/s

1000BaseT

1000BaseX

10,000Mb/s10GBaseT

10GBaseSR

10GBaseLR

10GBaseER

10GBaseSW

10GBaseLW

10GBaseEW

10 Megabits per Second


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10BASE

10BASE-T UTP Category 4 and higher

2 Pairs (four wires)

100 meters

10BASE-FL

62.5/125 m Multimode Fiber Optic Cable

2 Fiber Optic strands

2000 meters (2km)

10BASE5 or Thicknet

10Base5 Coax

500 meters per segment

Uses vampire taps to connect devices to cable.

Coaxial Cable

Vampire TAP

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ThicknetTransceiver.jpg

Media

AttachmentUnit

Attachment

Unit Interface

(AUI) attaches

to node


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10BASE2 or Thinnet

10Base2 Coax

185 meters per segment

A very popular implementation of Ethernet over coax.

BNC T

Connect

thinnet



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100BASE

100BASE-T

100BASE-TX

UTPCategory 5and higher

2 Pairs(fourswires)

100meters

Obsolete

100BASE-T4

100BASE-T2

100BASE-F

100BASE-FX

Fiber-optic

2Strands

400 m to>2000 m

100BASE-SX

Fiber-optic

2Strands

300 m

100BASE-BX

Fiber-optic

SingleStrand

10, 20 or40 km


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1000BASE (Copper)

UTP

Max Distance - 100 meters

Four pairs of Category 5e or higher.

1000Base-T

Obsolete

Balanced, shielded copper

25 meters Uses special connector, the HSSDC.

1000Base-CX


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1000BASE (Fibre)

Multimode fiber

Max Distance 220 to 550 meters

Uses SC fiber connectors.

Max length depends on optical fiber size.

1000Base-SX

Multimode and single mode fiber

Max Distance - 550 meters multimode/5000 meters single mode Uses longer wavelength laser than 1000Base-SX.

Uses SC or LC connectors.

1000Base-LX

1000BASE (Fibre)

Duplex; Single strand, Single-mode fiber

1000Base-BX10

Non-standard

Single mode fiber

Max Distance 10 km

1000Base-LH

Non-standard

Single mode fiber

Max Distance 70 km

1000Base-ZX


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10GBASE

10GBase-SW /LW / EW /ZW

Use WAN Physical Layer

Interoperate with SDH/SONET

Use same fiber types and run same

distances as 10GBASE-SR / LR / ERrespectively

10GBASE

100m with Category 6a

55m with Category 6

10GBaseT


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Pluggable Physical Layer (PHY)

modules allow flexibility with media types

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nortel-10G-ERS-8600.JPG

Nortel 10G Router

Pluggable Physical

Layer (PHY)

modules allow

network device to

support different

Physical Layer types

As data rate increases, maximumdistance decreases

Speed

Distance


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Summary of Ethernet Media

Requirements

Review

Baseband vs.Broadband

Ethernet LAN

Types

10BASE-X

100BASE-X

1000BASE-X 10GBASE-X

Speed/ Distance


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LAN Properties

Objectives

Categorize LAN technology types and properties

Network+2009 Objective 2.6

Part 2


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Agenda

LANProperties

CSMA/CD Mode

Unicast Multicast Broadcast

Collision Bonding

Talking with your friendsI want to say

something!

Is another

person

talking?

Wait

Start talking

Someone

else is

talking

?

Continue

Talking

Yes

YesNo

No

Finished

Talking

collision


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CSMA/CD Flowchart

Assemble

Frame

Is Another

Station

transmitting

?

Wait

Start Transmitting

Collision

Detected

?

Continue

Transmitting

Yes

YesNo

No

Transmission

Complete

Collision occur when more than onestation on shared media transmit

simultaneously


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Carrier Sense Multiple Access withCollision Detection (CSMA/CD)

JAM JAM JAM

Carrier Sense

Multiple Access

Collision

Detection

Jam and Backoff

Delay

A B C D

Data can flow in three ways Simplex,Half Duplex and Full Duplex

Simplex

One way only

Not used in networking

Half-duplex

Two-way traffic but only

one direction at a time

Full-duplex

Two-way traffic

simultaneously

Requires a point-to-point

connection


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Full-duplex Ethernet can be used in

three situations:

Switch to a Host

Switch to a Switch

Host to a Host using acrossover cable

When connecting:


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Unicast are sent from one station toonly One other station

One-to-One

Broadcast are sent from one station toAll stations

One-to-All


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Broadcast Address is a Destination

MAC Address of all ones

11111111: 11111111: 11111111: 11111111: 11111111: 11111111

FF: FF: FF: FF: FF: FF

FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FFis the Broadcast Address

Multicast are sent from one station toSome stations

Use special multicast addresses

Receiving station join multicast group

One-to-Some


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A single link may not have bandwidthto carry all your traffic

Switch

Server

Switch Switch

Bottle

Neck

Channel Bonding allows aggregatingbandwidth of multiple links

Switch

Server

Switch Switch


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Review

CSMA/CD

LAN Communications

Collision

Bonding

LAN Properties

04-LAN Technologies and Properties

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