04 Electrical
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Transcript of 04 Electrical
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Recognize the scope and structure of the OSHA standards.
Identify the common electrical hazards in long term care settings.
Discuss electrical safety related work practices.
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Focus: electrical safety requirements necessary for safeguarding employees in their workplaces
Structure: four major divisions - (a). Design safety standards for electrical systems(b). Safety-related work practices(c). Safety-related maintenance requirements(d). Safety requirements for special equipment
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Current – the movement of electrical charge Resistance – opposition to current flow Voltage – a measure of electrical force Conductors – substances, such as metals, that
have little resistance to electricity Insulators – substances, such as wood, rubber,
glass, and bakelite, that have high resistance to electricity
Grounding – a conductive connection to the earth that acts as a protective measure
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An average of one worker is electrocuted on the job every day.
Main types of electrical injuries: * Electrocution (death due to electrical shock) * Electrical shock * Burns (most electrical shock injury) * Falls
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Received when current passes through the body
Severity of the shock depends on:◦Path of current through the body◦Amount of current flowing
through the body◦Length of time the body is in the
circuit LOW VOLTAGE DOES NOT
MEAN LOW HAZARD
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Most common shock-related, nonfatal injury.
Occurs when you touch electrical wiring or equipment that is improperly used or maintained.
Typically occurs on the hands. Very serious injury that needs
immediate medical attention.
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Two main focus areas: 1. Design safety standards for electrical systems.
Standards found in 1910.302-308 are design safety standards.
2. Safety - related work practices. These regulations are contained in 1910.331-.335 and
include the employer’s responsibilities for training, selection and use of work practices, use of electrical equipment, and safeguards for personnel protection.
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(a) Approval: The conductors and equipment required or
permitted by this subpart shall be acceptable only if
approved.
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(1) Examination: Safety of equipment shall be determined using the following considerations:
(i) Suitability of equipment for an identified purpose may be evidenced by listing or labeling for that identified purpose.
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Electrical equipment may not be used unless the
manufacturer's name, trademark, or other
descriptive marking by which the organization
responsible for the product may be identified is
placed on the equipment.
D
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(1) Sufficient access and working space around all electrical equipment, provided & maintained to provide ready and safe operation and maintenance. (ii) Not used for storage. (ii) If located in aisle or general open area, working space shall be suitably guarded.
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Illumination provided for all
working spaces about service
equipment, switchboards, panel-
boards, and motor control centers
installed indoors.
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(2)(i) Live parts of electric equipment operating at 50
volts or more guarded against accidental contact by
approved cabinets.
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(2)(iii) Entrances to rooms and other
guarded locations containing exposed
live parts shall be marked with
conspicuous warning signs forbidding
unqualified persons to enter.
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Look for and report: * Faulty/damaged electrical equipment/machinery
or wiring. * Damaged electrical connectors and
receptacles. * Water, wet areas near electrical equipment .
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Devices that shut off electricity flow when there is an overload or ground-fault.
Examples: fuses, circuit breakers, and ground-fault-circuit-interrupters.
Fuses and circuit breakers are overcurrent devices.
When there is too much current: * Fuses melt * Circuit breakers trip open
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1000kVDanger
Circuit breakers shall clearly indicate whether they are in
the open (off) or closed (on) position.
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A conductor used as a grounded conductor shall be identifiable and distinguishable from all other conductors.
A conductor used as an equipment grounding conductor shall be identifiable and distinguishable from all other conductors.
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Required to protect employees against:
◦Shock
◦Safeguard against fire
◦Protect equipment from damage
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There are two kinds of grounding:
◦1. Electrical circuit or system grounding
◦2. Electrical equipment grounding
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1. Identification of multiwire branch circuits
2. Receptacles and cord connections
3. Ground fault circuit interrupter protection for personnel
4. Outlet devices: Outlet devices shall have an
ampere rating not less than the load to be served
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Flexible cords and shall be approved and suitable for conditions of use and location.*
* The OSHA electric standard (1910.305) lists specific situations in which flexible cords may
be used
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Use of an appliance with flexible cord and cable as short as
possible plugged into a nearby receptacle promotes workplace
safety by reducing the likelihood of being a tripping hazard and
being damaged.
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1000kV
(i) High Voltage areas are guarded to make them accessible only to qualified persons.
(ii) Signs warning of high voltage shall be posted where other than qualified employees might come in contact with live parts.
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The following alerting techniques shall be used to warn and protect employees from hazards which could cause injury due to electric shock, burns, or failure of electric equipment parts:◦Safety signs and tags◦Barricades◦Attendants
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Conductive articles of jewelry and clothing (watch
bands, bracelets, rings, key chains, necklaces, etc...)
may not be worn if they might contact exposed
energized parts.
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(a)(5)(i) Employees' hands may not be wet when
plugging and unplugging flexible cords and plug
connected equipment, if energized equipment is
involved.
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Employer Obligation:
(1) Electrical equipment shall be free
from recognized hazards that are likely to
cause death or serious physical harm
to employees.
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Multiple cords on floor – tripping hazard. Cords getting caught/stuck in other equipment,
with danger of fraying. Wall sockets – getting loose with improper use. Visitors touching/handling/moving electrical
equipment.
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Awareness of electrical equipment in patient care areas, support service areas, and public areas.
Careful placement of cords. Checking for cords getting caught in bed frames,
under or near other electrical equipment, etc. Careful attachment and removal of plugs from wall
receptacles.
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Be watchful for electrical hazards in their work areas.
Report any electrical equipment that is not working properly.
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What are the electrical hazards in the workplace? The process for reporting faulty electrical
equipment. Tag and remove any faulty/damaged electrical
equipment – where is it placed, how is it tagged. Not to plug or unplug energized equipment when
hands are wet.
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Ask questions: Engineering/electrician/medical equipment staff can advise on safe use of equipment.
Directions to patients and family members: what not to touch/change/move with electrical equipment attached to the patient.
Check all cords before attaching equipment – are there any frayed parts/loose connections – report/tag/do not use!
** Do not bring personal electrical appliances into the workplace without prior approval.
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The key to safe environments!
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