04 Best Practices Habitat Planning

Best Practices :

Habitat Planning & Design

for the Urban Poor

Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty AlleviationGovernment of India

New Delhi

Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation

Government of India

Best Practices :

Habitat Planning & Design

for the Urban Poor

Every person dreams of having his own house for which he invests his efforts as well as hard earned money. To fulfill this dream, Government of India has launched the Housing for All by 2022 Mission. It calls for concerted and collective efforts of the Central Government and State Governments to achieve this goal. Private sector is also envisaged to play a key role in providing affordable housing on a large scale.

Considering the shortage of approximately 20 million houses, it is imperative to adopt innovative approaches and emulate adaptable best practices to fill this gap. Model designs and plans which have been successfully implemented by some of the states would hence be useful for the projects under the new Mission.

The Mission Directorate with the assistance of Ministrys agencies, namely, BMPTC and HUDCO has prepared a compendium of model layout and housing designs for different regions of the country. I am sure that this compendium will help cities in preparing suitable layout designs and housing models under the Housing for All by 2022 Mission.

(M. Venkaiah Naidu)

M. VENKAIAH NAIDUMinister of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation,Urban Development and Parliamentary AffairsGovernment of India

Message

Housing for All by 2022 is indeed a challenging task which requires a multi-dimensional approach. To achieve the same, the Government of India is looking forward to extensive participation of a wide range of stakeholders. It is anticipated that Private Partners, Corporates, Public Authorities, Financial Institutions and others will assist the Government to accomplish this task. While executing this task, it is equally important to emulate/improve upon hitherto successful models/practices adopted earlier and also to strengthen the scheme after incorporating lessons learnt from the past.

I am happy to note that Mission Directorate under Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation, GoI with the support from Building Materials & Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC & Housing & Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) has brought out this document comprising successful models and practices in terms of site plan, unit design and other items. I also understand that green and sustainable practices have been considered as critical selection parameters, given the scenario of fast depleting conventional building resources & environmental degradation.

I am sure that this document will serve as a guide for engineers, architects and other stakeholders to achieve our goal. I appreciate the efforts of BMTPC and HUDCO under the guidance of the Mission Directorate in bringing out this document with valuable information.

(Babul Supriyo)

Message

BABUL SUPRIYOMinister of State for Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviationand Urban DevelopmentGovernment of India

Government of India has announced its flagship scheme to provide Housing for All which envisages construction of 20 million houses by 2022. The strategy to achieve this goal would be through Affordable Housing, Slum Redevelopment, Interest Subvention and beneficiary led construction respectively.

To achieve the target of 20 million houses, there is an urgent need to have standardized model designs and planning norms which could be utilized by various implementing agencies in the states for efficient and effective project planning and execution.

Keeping this aspect in the mind, it was felt necessary to prepare a document on good practices of mass housing projects which have been successfully implemented by various State Governments. Accordingly, some projects representing all regions of the country are short listed based on the criteria of innovativeness in design, planning and use of sustainable eco-friendly building materials and community participation. The work was entrusted to the joint team of Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC) and Housing & Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO).

It is heartening to learn that BMTPC and HUDCO have prepared the document of Projects showing layout, design and innovative practices used in such projects.

It is hoped that States would take the fullest advantage of the technical information provided in the publication and utilize it in their future mass housing projects so as to deliver sustainable housing to the beneficiaries of Housing for All by 2022.

(Dr. Nandita Chatterjee)

DR. NANDITA CHATTERJEESecretary Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty AlleviationGovernment of India

Message

Foreword

The goal of housing for All by 2022 obviously require massive construction of dwelling units, to the tune of 20 million units in urban area within a span of less than 8 years. While planning for new scheme, it was also felt appropriate to make use of successful models & practices adopted in earlier projects.

Accordingly, a document has been prepared comprising of successful layout design and plan adopted in selected projects, while making effort to give representation to all zones of our vast country. The critical aspects of DPR formulation as site lay out design, ensuring green & social facilities, unit plan & design, use of alternate environment friendly building materials / techniques, fast construction technologies for mass housing, beneficiary participation in the project formulation, implementation & monitoring, etc. have been highlighted as best practices. The selected projects are either complete or at various stages of implementation.

The task has been completed with the assistance of Building Materials & Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC) & Housing & Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO), who are the appraisal and monitoring agencies for various schemes of this Ministry. I place on record the appreciation for their sincere effort in selection of the projects & practices after the evaluation of various project parameters. The document needs to be seen in light of various constraints within which the slum rehabilitation projects and housing projects for urban poor are planned & implemented.

I am sure the publication of this kind would immensely help the State & Municipal planners, Engineers & Architects to plan better designed housing projects for urban poor in ensuing scheme of Housing for all.

(Sanjeev Kumar)

SANJEEV KUMARJoint Secretary & Mission Director (Housing for All) Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty AlleviationGovernment of India

S. No. State City Project Name Page No.

1 Andhra Pradesh PeddapuramIntegrated Housing and Slum Development Programme for the urban poor staying in slums of Peddapuram Municipality 1

2 Andhra Pradesh VijaywadaRehabilitation of flood victims of river Krishna and Budameru Vagu in Vijayawada Municipal Corporation of Andhra Pradesh

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3 Delhi Baprola, Phase-II Slum relocation project at Baprola, Phase-II, Delhi. 12

4 Gujarat Bhuj Slum rehabilitation for Bhimrao Nagar-1, Ramdev nagar and GIDC relocation site in Bhuj, Gujarat 19

5 Gujarat Rajkot Relocation of flood affected slum dwellers at various EWS reserved plots of Town planning Schemes at Rajkot 26

6 Karnataka Gadag Housing for Urban Poor at Gangimadhi Nagar Ph-I, Gadag, Karnataka 31

7 Kerala Thiruvanantha-puramIn-situ redevelopment of slum dwellers in Karimadom, Thiruvananthapuram 36

8 Maharashtra Dondaicha VarvadeSlum Development & Rehabilitation scheme in Dondaicha Varvade Town Ph-II, Maharashtra 42

9 Maharashtra Lonar Integrated Housing & Slum Development Programme, Phase II at Lonar, District Buldana, Maharashtra 46

10 Maharashtra Nagpur Rehabilitation of slums on private lands through PPP-Nagpur city, Maharashtra 55

11 Maharashtra Pimpri - Chinchwad (Pune)

Integrated Rehabilitation Project for the urban poor staying in slums in dangerous locations in Pimpri - Chinchwad (Pune) Maharashtra

60

12 Mizoram Champhai Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme for Champhai (Phase II), Mizoram 65

13 Odisha Bhubaneswar Project for Damana & Gadakana slum, Bhubaneswar 71

14 Uttrakhand Dehradun Ram Mandir Kusthrog Ashram, Dehradun, Uttrakhand 74

15 West Bengal Durgapur Rehabiliation Scheme for the City of Durgapur, District -Burdwan, West Bengal 78

Contents

Best Practices : Habitat Planning & Design for the Urban Poor

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1 : Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme for the Urban Poor in Slums of Peddapuram Municipality, Andhra Pradesh

Project Name : Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme for the Urban Poor in Slums of Peddapuram Municipality

City/State : Peddapuram, Andhra Pradesh

Project Cost : Rs. 2817.60 Lacs

Year of Sanction : Original Sanctioned in 2008-2009 Revised on 2011-2012

No. of DUs : 1416

Development Model : Relocation

Background

Shelter is one of the important basic needs of the human being and improves the living conditions of the Urban Poor. To upgrade the standard of living of 1416 slum dwellers, the houses have been constructed in G+1 and G+2 storeyed buildings at Pandavulametta of Peddapuram Municipality under IHSDP. The structures are RCC framed with Fal-G masonry and joinery with RCC door and window frames to minimize the cost and speedy completion of the project.

Best Practices Adopted in Implementation of the Project:

A. Dwelling Unit designed to suit the requirement of the BPL families.B. Compact Cluster Layout.C. Comprehensive Social & Physical Infrastructure.D. Adoption of Innovative - Construction Materials &TechniqueE. Community Participation and Allotment of dwelling units

A. Dwelling Unit Design:

The aspirations and requirements of the urban poor are kept in mind while designing the dwelling units. The dwelling unit comprises of one bed room, living, kitchen, bath WC, balcony and an entrance lobby.

The total number of blocks constructed in the layout plan are 69 (15 G+1 pattern and 54 G+2 pattern). In G+2 storied construction, each floor has 8 dwelling units and in G+1 storied construction, there are 4 dwelling units in each floor. Thus, each G+1 block have 8 units and G+2 units have 24 dwelling units. The provision of balcony facilitates drying of clothes and sitout for the occupants. Large entrance lobby has been provided for social interaction and cohesiveness among the inhabitants. Figure 1 indicates dwelling units design.

B. Compact Cluster Layout:

The project is like mini township housing 7000 inhabitants accommodated in 1416 dwelling units. The blocks are arranged in row housing as well as cluster pattern around a number of large public open spaces. The large public

2Ministry of Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation

open spaces results in social interaction and strong community bond. The layout also has space earmarked for school, hospital and commercial space. The layout plan & a view of the cluster layout is at Figure 2 & 3 respectively.

C. Comprehensive Social & Physical Infrastructure:

The social infrastructure facilities include Anganwadi Centre, Health Center, bus stop, parks and skill development center through convergence with State Government Programmes. Similarly, civic infrastructure components as water supply system (with ELSR), roads (6m to 18m), external electrification etc. have been covered comprehensively.

D. Adoption of Innovative - Construction Materials & Technique:

1. Flyash Lime Gypsum (Fal G) block masonry is used in the project as an alternative building material to conventional bricks. Fal-G blocks are cost effective, environment friendly & speedy construction technology compared to conventional bricks, mainly due to its larger size & smooth finish. RCC door frames and window frames are adopted as a substitute to wood and it is cheaper than wooden door frames.

2. RCC columns and beams have been used as framed structure with earthquake & cyclone resistant measures, as Peddapuram falls in high coastal vulnerability to severe cyclones along Andhra coast.

3. The agency took the initiative to appoint a Third Party Monitoring Agency for regular inspection and quality control during the construction period. Figure 4 indicates the project under implementation.

E. Community Participation and Allotment of Dwelling Units:

Community participation was mandated for effective implementation of the project. A Multi-disciplinary team was constituted with officials from Municipality, Revenue and Housing to finalise the eligible beneficiaries. The information brochure was published to bring about awareness amongst the beneficiaries. The entire information was uploaded in the official website of APSHCL as well as published in local newspapers. All the dwelling units have been happily occupied by the beneficiaries. Fig. 5 shows occupancy.


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Figure 5: Beneficiary occupying a house.

Figure 4: Implementation of project

Figure 3: Building blocks arranged in cluster


Project Name : Rehabilitation of flood victims of river Krishna and Budameru Vagu in Vijayawada Municipal Corporation of Andhra Pradesh.

City/State : Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh

Project Cost : 25874.00 Lacs

Year of Sanction : 2006-07

No. of DUs : 13760 (G+3), RCC framed structure.


Background

The proposal is for re-settlement of slum househlds from 47 slum areas living on the bank of river/canal of Krishna and Budameru at Machavaram and Jakkampudi area to new houses on various govt. plots. The project has been sanctioned under BSUP scheme. The Jakkampudi & Gollapudi site is the largest site with 8608 no. of DUs & related infrastructure components .

Best Practices adopted in the Implementation of the Project:

A. Use of Alternate Construction MaterialsB. Efficient site management C. Unit Plan with comfortable living spaces & Building block with high wall sharing D. Excellent planning and provision of Physical & Social Infrastructure

A. Use of Alternate Construction Materials:

1. Fal-G (Fly AshLime-Gypsum) bricks have been used in the construction work instead of burnt clay bricks. These are cost effective and eco-friendly materials. Its compressive strength is about twice the locally available conventional clay bricks.

2. RCC Door & Window frames have been used instead of wooden frames. These are economical & bring environmental benefits. However, the care needs to be taken for making provision of hinges at the time of casting of frames.

3. Bison panel (cement bonded particle wood) boards have been used as door and window shutters instead of wooden shutters. The particle boards are made from wood wastes as wood chips, sawmill shavings etc. & hence conserve the conventional wood.

B. Efficientsitemanagement

1. In order to meet the requirement of massive quantity of materials, the on-site production of many materials such Fal-G bricks, RCC doors & window frames etc, were done.

2. RMC plants have also been provided at site for uniform mixing & superior quality resulting in considerable

2 : Rehabilitation of flood victims of river Krishna and Budameru Vagu in Vijayawada Municipal Corporation of Andhra Pradesh.


7

reduction in time & cost.

3. Since production of various components were at site, transportation costs and damages were to the bare minimum and materials were supplied readily and conveniently throughout the construction period.

C. Unit Plan with comfortable living spaces & Building block with high wall sharing:

The dwelling unit comprises of two rooms (both 9 sqmt) within a carpet area of 25.1 sqmt. The bath & toilet is accessible from both bedroom & living room through utility space/balcony thus maintaining the privacy of both the rooms. The dwelling units have been constructed in modules of 4 storied buildings with 8 dwelling units on each floor. Box type design with high wall sharing resulted in the reduction in the cost of DU (Fig-1).

D. Excellent planning & provision of Physical & Social Infrastructure:

The physical infrastructure such as STP for sewage treatment, Electric sub-station, and elevated service reservoir for water supply has been planned at Jakkampudi site. Similarly, under social infrastructure high schools, primary health care centres, community hall, market, police station, bus-way, play ground at central location etc. have been created (Fig-2). The solar panels have been mounted on some community buildings.

Attachments:

i) Dwelling Unit Plan as part of the block plan.ii) Layout Plansiii) Photographs of under construction stage and completed buildingsiv) Physical & Social Infrastucture Photos


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Project Name : Slum relocation project at Baprola, phase-II, Delhi.

City/State : Baprola ,Delhi



No. of DUs : 2144 (G+3), Load bearing structure with corner Reinforcements


Background

The proposal is for relocation of slum households from various locations to a single site at Baprola, near Najafgarh in south west Delhi by providing new houses along with civic & social amenities. The project has been sanctioned under BSUP.


A. Use of cost effective & environment friendly materials/components & construction methodologyB. Efficient Unit Plan & Block DesignC. Cluster Planning & Overall layoutD. Time & Site Management plan

A. Use of cost effective & environment friendly materials/components & construction methodology:

1. Various cost effective alternate components/ materials such as precast RC plank and joist system for intermediate slabs/roof, modular perforated mechanized clay bricks, modular fly-ash bricks, precast ferro-cement elements such as steps, sunshades, lintel, kitchen platforms, roof top water tanks etc. have been adopted in the project.

2. Precast RC plank and joist roofing system (at Fig-1) results in substantial saving in steel & concrete and brings about 20% economy in cost of roofing system as compared to RCC slab. These being Pre cast components require shorter completion period as compared to a conventional system.

3. 200 mm thick brick wall in Flemish bond using machine made modular perforated bricks have been used. This results in reduction in wall thickness & saving in material. No plaster is required on external faces & it also provides heat and sound resistance.

4. Precast ferro-cement elements have higher strength to weight ratio as compared to the ordinary reinforced concrete. These elements are also lightweight in nature due to relatively small volume of material required. These are easy to maintain and repair.

B. EfficientUnitPlan&BlockDesign

1. The dwelling unit plan offers comfortable living space with 25 sqmt of carpet/floor area with provision

3 : Slum relocation project at Baprola, Phase-II, Delhi


13

of balcony and independent access to bath & toilet. The window opening area is 14% of the floor area ensuring good day lighting & ventilation (Fig-2).

2. The building block has been designed as four storied structure with 4 units on each floor (building elevation at Fig-3). It offers privacy, natural light and ventilation to all the flats. The external face of building is in exposed brick finish with bands at roof and lintel level giving aesthetic appearance.

3. The building has been designed & constructed as load bearing structure which is economical in comparison to RCC framed structure. The earthquake resistant features have also been taken in consideration.

C. Cluster Planning & Overall layout

1. The planning is such that the blocks are linked together with central green belt or parallel to roads (Fig-4). The organized green area and other green spaces have been planned to improve the overall ambiance of the area.

2. The ground coverage is limited to below 30% besides achieving the low rise structure so as to maximize open area. The density achieved is 234 dwelling units per hectare. The organized green area is about 20% of the total area.

3. The central open space of each cluster is free from vehicular movement or parking, therefore this space can be effectively used for community activity; as play area for children etc.

D. Time & Site Management plan

1. The roofing elements and other structural elements such as stair steps, lintels, sunshades etc. have been produced in workshop/casting yard at the site simultaneously, while the site preparation & foundation works were under way. The construction time with the technologies adopted, may be upto 30% less than conventional system, because use of technologies require no scaffolding or shuttering as there is no cast in-situ concrete work required on site.

Attachments:

i) Plank & Joist roofing systemii) Dwelling Unit Plan as part of typical floor Planiii) Building Elevationiv) Overall layout Planv) Actual Site Photos

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Actual site Photographs


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Project Name : Slum rehabilitation for Bhimrao Nagar-1, Ramdev nagar and GIDC relocation site in Bhuj, Gujarat

City/State : Bhuj, Gujarat



No. of DUs : 300 New; 4 Up-gradation (Single storied units), Load bearing Structure with corner Reinforcement

Development Model : In-situ re-development

Background

The proposal is for In-situ re-development with few units for Up-Gradation at three sites namely Bhimrao Nagar-1, Ramdev nagar and GIDC relocation site in Bhuj with Eco friendly measures. The project has been sanctioned under RAY.

Best Practices adopted in Implementation of the Project:

A. Expandable Traditional Unit with cluster planningB. Innovative Environment Friendly servicesC. Recycling of existing building componentsD. Role of NGOs in ensuring community participation & project implementation

A. Expandable Traditional Unit with cluster planning

1. The Dwelling Unit design (at Fig-1) has traditional typology which involves two rooms and kitchen around the courtyard with separate W.C and bath. In addition, a Verandah has also been provided. The houses have been arranged in traditional cluster form after consultation with community. The three layouts are at Fig-2,Fig-3 and Fig-4.

2. Ground floor houses allow for vertical incremental growth to accommodate the increasing family sizes, aspirations and requirements.

3. The houses are oriented facing south and south-west direction which suits best for ventilation and wind direction. This reduces the consumption of electricity & thus encourage green concept. Layout is efficiently planned to maintain natural slopes and existing green spaces.

B. Innovative Environment Friendly services:

1. Dual Plumbing with Grey Water (from kitchen & bath) separation system has been provided to reduce load on sewerage treatment system. The grey water will be treated at household level for reuse in irrigation and vegetation purposes. Only the black water generated by toilets requires secondary treatment and will be connected to either citys main drainage system or to the nearby existing system of DEWATs (Decentralized

4 : Slum rehabilitation for Bhimrao Nagar-1, Ramdev nagar and GIDC relocation site in Bhuj, Gujarat

20


Wastewater Treatment System).

2. Recharge bore wells for storm water has been proposed. This along with recharging the ground water table is expected to reduce the TDS of underground water, which is much higher than permissible limit. The water from these bore wells will be treated by RO plant to provide safe drinking water on nominal charges.

3. The segregation of wet & dry waste at collection point has been planned. The wet waste has been proposed to be given to cattle owners within or near the settlement & dry waste is to be collected, processed & recycled by identified agency.

4. Solar street lights have been proposed.

C. Recycling of existing building components

1. Building material as well as debris has been planned to be recycled into building walls as a significant environment friendly measure.

2. Role of NGOs in facilitation of preparation of DPR, ensuring community participation & envisaged role in project implementation. The DPR has been prepared by an NGO, Hunnarshala Foundation for Bhuj Nagar Palika. The other three lead NGOs are to facilitate the project implementation.

3. Extensive community participation has been ensured during preparation of DPR; from finalization of beneficiary list to Dwelling Unit design ,Site Layout Design and provision of services. Slum committees will be formed & empowered to implement program and manage all finances. The dwelling units are to be constructed by community themselves.

4. Building Materials Production yard has been proposed to be set up at one site to provide cheaper but good quality building materials for construction of houses as well as to upgrade livelihood of unskilled construction workers from the Slum.

Attachments:

i) Dwelling Unit Planii) Layouts showing Building Material Production Yard and Solid waste recycling center. iii) Layout Planiv) 3-D Model Views


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26


Project Name : Relocation of flood affected slum dwellers at various EWS reserved plots of Town planning Schemes at Rajkot.

City/State : Rajkot, Gujarat

Project Cost : 6328 Lacs


No. of DUs : 3168 (G+3), RCC Framed Structure


Background

The proposal is for rehabilitation of vulnerable groups residing on the banks of Aji river/natural drain at 10 different EWS reserved plots under Town Planning scheme at Rajkot under BSUP.


A. High FSI in Low Rise building without compromising on open spacesB. Elaborate Project implementation & Monitoring Mechanism for EWS housing.C. The Integrated Township Policy of State Govt. making easy availability of land in developed/to be developed

residential areas

A. High FSI in Low Rise building without compromising on open spaces:

1. 3168 DUs constructed in G+3 RCC framed structure with each block consisting of 16 DUs. 2. The average ground built-up coverage is 39% and the FSI range from 1.43 to 1.5 This range of FSI is

considered very good especially for such low-rise buildings & could be achieved by joining the blocks in continuity through sides.

3. The provision of organized open space including social amenities has been made, which ranges from 12% to 20% of the plot area except for one plot where it is 42.9%. The three site layout plans have been enclosed (at Fig-1, Fig-2 & Fig-3).

4. The carpet area of DU is 25.5 sqmt, and has been designed to provide adequate natural lighting and ventilation. Also provision for cupboard, lofts etc is considered (refer Fig-4).

5. Total average density considering all the plots is high. In cities where the land is scarce & requirement of housing is high, such planning may be adopted for low rise buildings.

B. Elaborate Project implementation & Monitoring Mechanism for EWS housing:

1. Rajkot Municipal Corporation has made a separate cell for developing EWS housing which is headed by the Additional City Engineer, who is assisted by three Deputy Executive Engineers; each of which is assisted by Additional Assistant Engineers.

5 : Relocation of flood affected slum dwellers at various EWS reserved plots of Town planning Schemes at Rajkot, Gujarat


27

2. RMC has its own material testing laboratory which is equipped with the latest material testing equipment which is used by site engineers to carry out testing. It has a separate vigilance department which collects samples of building materials during execution and tests them separately.

3. There is a separate Awas Department in the Corporation which is responsible for maintaining records of beneficiaries, details of allotment, contribution of beneficiaries etc.

4. Apart from these measures, the provision of third party inspection by an external agency has been kept. The progress of the project is also reviewed by the state level nodal agency-GUDM.

5. A two-tier structure of community based organization (CBOs) called the Neighborhood Group (NHG) and Neighborhood Committee (NHC) is to be formed. NHG is an informal association of 10-20 women from the EWS community. NHG elects one Resident Community Volunteer (RCV) among them to oversee NHGs functioning. All RCVs from each electoral ward form a NHC, which has a voting right.

C. The Integrated Township Policy of State Govt. making easy availability of land in developed/to be developed residential areas

1. As per the State Policy, 10% of land under residential development is to be allocated for EWS, thus resulting in easy & quick supply of land. These plots hence automatically come in well developed areas which are covered by main roads, link roads & other physical as well as social infrastructures. It caters to all beneficiary needs such as employment/ commercial needs as well as health and educational needs.

Attachments:

i) Three Layout Plansii) Dwelling Unit Plan as part of typical floor planiii) Site photographs

28


Figure 2: Layout Plan (2)



29


Page 21

Page 23

Page 21

30


Figure 4: Dwelling Unit Plan

Page 23


31

Project Name : Housing for Urban Poor at Gangimadhi Nagar Ph-I, Gadag, Karnataka

City/State : Gadag, Karnataka



No. of DUs : 504 (G+1), Load bearing structure with Concrete Blocks


Background

The proposal is for re-settlement of slum households living in untenable slums along the railway tracks, near bus stand & railway station under RAY.


A. Expandable Unit planB. Homogeneous Cluster planningC. Efficient lay out ensuring green & community spaceD. Taking advantage of natural land scape

A. Expandable Unit plan:

1. The Dwelling Units have been planned with scope for expansion. The provision of open yard in the ground (refer Fig-1) and terrace in the first floor (refer Fig-2) can be used for household level livelihood activities or for future expansion. Such incentives generally result in higher beneficiarys satisfaction, their willingness for early shifting & higher contributions towards housing cost.

2. Adequate natural lighting & cross ventilation has been ensured for all the living spaces with windows and ventilators. In addition, the pedestrian walkways to the homes would also facilitate free air circulation. These features have the potential to reduce the consumption of electricity and thus encourage green concepts.

B. Homogeneous Cluster planning:

1. The lay out has been planned in the form of clusters integrating and grouping the communities. This promotes social cohesiveness and provides human companionship and warmth to the beneficiaries who may otherwise lack the resources for other entertainment activities.

2. Each residential cluster has been planned with 24 units in G+1 form. There are 21 such clusters providing for 504 housing units in the project. This central cluster open space surrounded by 24 units (Fig-3 & Fig-4 ) is proposed to be jointly owned by beneficiaries association and is intended to be maintained by them. The space may be planted with trees, have seating benches for house to house interaction between neighbors & act as safe children play area. These spaces may also be used for various ceremonies of the

6 : Housing for Urban Poor at Gangimadhi Nagar Ph-I, Gadag, Karnataka

32


beneficiaries.

3. The clusters have been planned in such a way that no corner space has been left at site thus eliminating the possibility of any future encroachment.

C. Efficientlayoutensuringgreen&communityspace(referFig-5)

1. All the clusters have access to the roads with minimal circulation space. Parking facilities within each cluster and a healthy walking neighborhood is promoted by providing spaces for walkways on either side of the road and within the cluster.

3. A huge central community square has been planned with about 2952 sqmt, which is 7% of the total site area. It can be used for various activities ranging from community services to social and outdoor activities such as playing games etc.

D. Taking advantage of landscape

1. The site has a natural advantage due to its gradually sloping contours towards the nallah nearby, hence creating a natural landscape. This helps in reducing the cost of excavation work for various services.

Attachments:

i) Dwelling Unit Plans (2D and 3D views)ii) Cluster design (2D and 3D views)iii) Layout Plan


33

Figure 1: Dwelling Unit Plan showing expandable area at GF

34


Figure 2: 3D View of block showing expandable area at FF level

Figure 3: Cluster plan 24 units( G+1)


35

Figure 4: Cluster Design (3D)-24 units

Figure 5: Site Layout Plan (504 DUs)

36


7 : In-situ Redevelopment of Karimadom & Poonkumal Slum, Thiruvananthapuram, Ph-II, Kerala

Project Name : In-situ redevelopment of Karimadom & Poonkulam Slum, Thiruvananthapuram, Ph-II

City/State : Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala

Project Cost : Rs 3729.40 Lacs


No. of DUs : 2680

Development Model : In-situ redevelopment

Background:

Two (2) slums Karimadom & Poonkulam with 2680 households were redeveloped in-situ under Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP). Out of 2680 dwelling units, 680 units are constructed in G+3 storey in 34 blocks, each block having 20 units and the remaining 2000 dwelling units are scattered single storey load bearing structures. The G+3 building is designed in such a fashion that the number of units per floor reduce as we go up providing large terrace spaces. This design provides an incentive to the beneficiary opting to go up. Environment friendly and cost effective technologies, recycling of existing building material have been incorporated in the project to further, reduce the cost of construction.


A. Innovative Dwelling Unit Design and Layout PlanB. Cohesive Social InfrastructureC. Environment Friendly and Cost Effective Services & InnovationsD. Role of Kudumbashree to Enhance Community Participation and Project Implementation.

A. Innovative Dwelling Unit Design and Layout Plan

1. The constructed Ground + 3 storey buildings reflects the cultural and traditional design elements typically followed in individual houses such as corridors, verandahs and other open spaces followed in Kerala. The housing units have been designed according to the needs of the beneficiary and planned open space have been provided in each unit. The typical dwelling unit design provides one room, one hall, toilet and kitchen with built-up area of 26 sqm. The structure is a load bearing structure.

2. The building is designed in such a fashion that the number of units per floor reduce as we go up providing large terrace spaces. The dwelling units on the first floor get more open terrace space than the ground floor units and the units on second floor have larger terrace space than the units on first floor. The large terrace spaces on the upper floors has motivated beneficiaries to prefer the upper storeys without hesitation. Refer figures 1 & 2.

3. Storage space has been provided in the kitchen and bedrooms. 4. Several Parks along with large centralized open space is provided in the layout plan for cohesive social

interactions and community gatherings.5. Piped water supply with individual water supply connections and common septic tank has been provided

for sanitation.


37

6. Storm water drains are connected to the city drainage system.

B. Cohesive Social Infrastructure

1. Study centre cum Library for children has been provided in the layout plan with separate study centre for boys and girls.

2. Two (2) Anganwadis are already functioning in the settlement to cater the children of the community.3. Two television sets are provided in community spaces which encourage social interaction and community

harmony. 4. The Biogas plant proposed in this development effectively utilises the solid waste and other bio degradable

materials to generate power for street lighting, which indicates usage of renewable energy. 5. Informal sector market and kiosks within the settlement not only cater to the daily needs of the community

but have also generated employment opportunities.6. Community cluster centre has been planned to enhance the small scale production units of Kudumbashree

in making food products under hygienic premises.

C. Environment Friendly and Cost Effective Services & Innovations:

1. Load bearing walls have been adopted in construction which is cost effective by 34% when compared to framed RCC structure.

2. Filler slab is provided instead of conventional RCC roof slab. Brick bat flooring has been provided by using building waste materials like bricks, rubble etc., thus reducing the cost of construction.

3. Ferro cement water tank has been provided as alternative technology which is a substitute to RCC & PVC water tanks. Ferro cement water tanks as an alternative technology is cost effective compared to PVC/RCC.

4. Smokeless chula (cooking stoves) are provided to individual houses as an energy efficient mechanism. 5. Adequate tree plantation and landscaping in multipurpose open spaces, community gathering spaces and

play areas for the children have been provided for social cohesion & interaction.

D. Role of Kudumbashree to Enhance Community Participation and Project Implementation.

Kudumbashree is the State Urban Development Agency and Nodal Agency for poverty eradication and urban housing programmes. The three tier community based organisation structure of Kudumbashree i.e.. neighbourhood groups (NHGs) comprising 20 members, Area Development Society (ADS) at the ward level ,The Community Development Society (CDS) formed at the Panchayat/Municipal level, played an integral part in this project in enhancing the community participation and effective implementation of the project.

38


Figure 1: Floor Plan showing Terraces


39

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40


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8 : Slum Development & Rehabilitation Scheme in Dondaicha Varvade Town Ph-II, Maharashtra

Project Name : Slum Development & Rehabilitation Scheme in Dondaicha Varvade Town Phase-II, Maharashtra

City/State : Dondaicha Varvade, Maharashtra



No. of DUs : 1050

Development Model : Insitu re-development

Background:

Dondaicha Varvade city is in taluka Sindkheda, district Dhule, Maharashtra. The IHSDP project is for insitu re-development of 3 slums in Dondaicha-Varwade wherein 1050 G+1 storied dwelling units are implemented in a cluster pattern providing plenty of space for social interaction among the inhabitants. Infrastructure facilities namely water supply, sewerage, storm water drains, roads etc., have been implemented.


A. Incremental Housing (Expandable) for Future Expansion of FamilyB. Cluster Planning for Social Interaction C. Environment Friendly HabitatD. Inclusive social infrastructure facilities E. Project Sustainability

A. IncrementalHousing(Expandable)forFutureExpansionofFamily(ReferFig.1)

1. There are 2 stages of Clusters Planningi. 6 DUs are placed in such a manner so as to form a clusterii. Such building clusters are again grouped in 3 to 4 such cluster patterns2. Complete privacy at night for both occupants of living room & bed room. Individual access to bath & W.C. 3. Wet area of the units is grouped together and piping is concealed as it passes through shaft. 4. Common washing platform is provided for open cloth washing as well as for common water tap in the event

of scarcity of water.5. 4 to 6 Dwelling units assembled in C/Square pattern to form Cluster building with central open space to act

as play area and community area for social interaction.6. Incremental house design has been adopted. Open corners are formed in this planning resulting in space

for future provision of one room to the each inhabitant as per requirement.

B. ClusterPlanningforSocialinteraction(ReferFig.2&3)

1. Cluster housing containing several common wall and consequent reduction in cost of housing.


43

2. Building in cluster form creates court-yard; the court yard will serve as common space/ veranda as well as enhances social interaction area among the inhabitants.Common allotted secured 2 wheeler parking is designed in front of every building. The cluster layout plan has created central public open spaces for social interaction resulting in strong community bond and one to one interaction amongst the inhabitants; as illustrated in Fig.3.

3. Simple 0.35cm wide x 0.35cm height brick work in front of parking corners serves as a bench in the garden where people can sit & watch tiny tots playing & keep an eye on them.

4. 2 electric poles in the each Cluster are provided for lighting and safety / security of the Habitant. 5. Concrete Roads/ Pavers, pathways, parking, underground drainage facility, 24 hours water facility create

high standard look and rich feeling as well as require less maintenance in the future also. Figure 4 shows a layout plan.

C. Environment Friendly Habitat

1. Recharge bore wells for storm water has been proposed at public building in all layouts. This will not only recharge the ground water table but will also reduce the total dissolved solids (TDS) of underground water. The water from these bore wells have been proposed to be used for general water requirement for public building as well as secondary source of water to slum dwellers.

2. The households in the settlement segregate the dry and wet waste in two separate containers and a ghanta gadi collects the waste from door to door. The wet waste is used for compost manure and dry waste is segregated and sold to regeneration plant.

3. Building material as well as debris was used for land filling and leveling.

D. Inclusive social infrastructure facilities

1. Besides civic infrastructure, cohesive social infrastructure facilities such as informal sector market, community centre, primary health centres have been provided to cater to the needs of the target beneficiaries. The community centre is designed for social gatherings / meetings for educating and conducting capacity building for the beneficiaries in various programmes related to education, health and social security. Besides, community centre is being rented out for marriages parties etc. The vending platforms in the informal sector market will be rented out on a time sharing basis. The primary health centres have doctor rooms for female and male doctors, dressing & compounders room. The resource generated from renting of community centre and informal sector market is being used for operation and maintenance of the social infrastructure facilities. The health and education facilities available in the vicinity will cater to the requirements of the neighborhood. A Balwadi is also functional. Figure 5 shows actual photographs of health centre and balwadi.

E. Project Sustainablility 1. The health centres have been handed over by ULB to Rotary Club. Moreover, the Council has handed over

a newly built Community Centre to a social group (Ganesh Mandal) from the same locality for successful running of the centre in the benefit of residing beneficiaries. The community centre is used for community functions such as marriages, Ganesh-Utsav, Ambedkar-Jayanti, etc.

2. Shops and Bhaji ottas in the Informal market are other income generating avenues.

44


Figure 1: Building cluster

Figure 2: Set of Building clusters


45

Figure 3: Photograph of actual cluster planning

Figure 4: Layout Plan

Figure 5: Photographs of Health Centre & Balwadi

46


9 : Housing & Slum Development Programme, Phase II at Lonar, District Buldana, Maharashtra

Project Name : Housing and Slum Development Programme, Phase II at Lonar, District Buldana, Maharashtra

City/State : Lonar, Maharashtra



No. of DUs : 606


Background:

Lonar has a huge crater, only example of hypervelocity impact on basaltic rock in the world, with a salty lake inside, having numerous species of birds, animals, plants, trees & aquatic organisms. 606 slum families situated in eco sensitive and no development zone of world famous Crater (also in 100m periphery of Daityasudan Mandir and Nimbi Barav archaeological monuments) were identified for relocation in the IHSDP project. The relocation site is 1.5 km away from Crater at Durga Tekdi in S. No. 226 which is a Government Land. The instant project is planned and designed as an eco-friendly habitat with provision for water harvesting, cleaning and utilization. Dual piping for toilets have been adopted with a view to reusing the water for horticulture. The habitat is well designed inclusive neighborhood colony for the urban poor characterized by a well conceptualized effort at social cohesion. All such efforts are wisely designed as per daily needs and requirements of the slum dwellers. An attempt has been made not only to amalgamate slum dwellers with rest of the society but also to maintain and harness their livelihood activities to increase their quality of life and economic status.


A. Green Building ConceptB. Incremental Building Design and PlanningC. Cluster Planning along the TopographyD. Eco Friendly Building Materials and Construction TechniquesE. Environment Friendly Services and InnovationsF. Landscaped GardensG. Awards and Recognitions

A. Green building concept

The project is implemented as Green Building Project under the Guidelines of GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) & Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, Government of India. A team of experts such as Green Building Consultants TERI, Architect Cum Project Management Consultants, Plumbing Architect,


47

Electrical Expert, Landscape Architect etc. worked with synergy on the project. The careful selection of building technologies and materials promotes conservation of energy thereby reducing carbon footprint.

B. Incremental Building Design and Planning

1. The dwelling unit is designed keeping in view the lifestyle and requirement of the beneficiaries. Individual typology of a house design comprises of two rooms, kitchen with separate W.C and bath. In addition, large entrance lobby and verandah provides ample space to the inhabitants for social interaction and encourages community bonding.

2. The houses are arranged in a cluster pattern creating a central tot-lot, open green area for children to play, youngsters to jog and elders to sit & socialize.

3. Incremental house design has been adopted, thereby providing earmarked space for expansion of housing units i.e. Growing housing concept. Ground floor houses allow expansion within plot boundary as the family size, aspirations and requirements increase; while first floor houses allow for expansion on terrace, refer Fig.1.

4. The houses have been designed and oriented in such a way that it suits best for ventilation and wind direction. This reduces the consumption of electricity & thus encourage green concept. Thermal and visual comfort has been maintained in the planning and implementation of the buildings.

C. Cluster Planning along the topography

1. The cluster planning is done keeping in view the existing site topography. The placement of building and cluster is proposed with respect to the contours, existing trees and site features.

2. The township planning is done with integration of green spaces with amenities, cluster blocks, community facility as community centre for social gathering, crche for kids of working women, health centre, library, anganwadi, informal sector market, livelihood centre to provide a sense of living in harmony with nature, refer Fig.2.

D. Eco Friendly Building Materials and Construction Techniques

Cost effective and energy efficient building materials & construction techniques have been used for the construction in the project. Innovative and cost effective construction technology and building material along with its advantage is mentioned below:

Type Details Advantages

Building MaterialFly Ash Brick Reduction in CO2 Emission

Precast CC Frames Reduction in Cost of Centering Material

Building TechniquesRat Trap Bond Reduction in Quantity of Bricks and Mortar. Refer

figure 3.

Filler Slab Reduction in Excess and unnecessary use of Concrete in Slab. Refer figure 3.

E. Environment Friendly services & innovations:

1. The house sites are arranged in clusters so as to save the sanitation cost. All the houses are connected through the sewer line, which is finally connected to the Geo Green Bio Filter (Eco Base Treatment) refer Fig.4.

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The fundamental principle of Green Bio Filter (GBF) lies in the natural carbon cycle. The carbon compounds in the sewage are degraded by aerobic bacterial process and converted in carbon dioxide and water. This (disposal of waste) is happening in nature without human intervention. The ecosystem of selected natural microorganisms is engineered in the filter bed of GBF sewage treatment plant. Nutrients to these bio-agents come from sewage. Micronutrients and surface or housing is provided by the selected mineral rocks. Controlled flow of sewage is distributed on the top of filter bed with pump and pipes. Sewage slowly moves downwards over the surface of filter media, impurities are consumed by ecosystem and clean water flows out. Entire process is aerobic hence stinking gases like ammonia, methane, and hydrogen sulfide are not generated which makes it odour free. Further due to aerobic process, lots of anaerobic pathogens are destroyed in the filter bed thus reducing requirements of sanitizers.

2. The system has been designed as a combined system for sewage & sullage system, based on conventional water carriage method.

3. Waste water from Toilets, Kitchen etc., are connected to gully trap chamber through separate drainage system.

4. From the manhole the combined sewage & sullage is conveyed by gravity through a network of pipes.5. The treated water is collected in Recycled Water Tank. Dual Plumbing with Grey Water separation system

has been planned to reduce load on sewerage system and recycling of wastewater. The water shall be reused for gardening and flushing in common amenity areas.

6. There is segregation of wet & dry waste at collection point. Door to door collection of waste shall be done by Municipal Council and is well linked to the citys existing garbage collection system.

7. Centralized Solar Powered Street light System is built with roof top installation of all solar panels in one location and the electronic batteries are installed in a control room. The AC output from invertors is supplied to street lights as per GRIHA norm, refer Fig.5.

F. Landscaped Gardens

It is proposed to develop Gardens & Open Spaces as per the Guidelines issued for Sustainable Site Planning with the protection & preservation of site contours. Measures adopted are as follow:

Preservation of Top Soil on the site Maximum plant species are indigenous in nature and require low maintenance, care and water once

established.

The open spaces are planned on the basis of existing contours so as to reduce cut and fill. Hence series of plazas and pause points are all linked together by a single jogging/walking track. Figure 6 & 7 illustrates the neighborhood and cluster level. Figure 8 indicates the project under implementation.

G. Awards and Recognitions

1. The project was nationally recognized and appreciated when it got HUDCO Design Award for New and Innovative Town Design Solutions / Eco Cities by HUDCO, New Delhi. The houses are designed considering the local climate and environmental conditions of the site. Use of energy efficient materials, construction technologies, and design as climate responsive building makes it appreciable among such housing schemes usually seen around,refer Fig.9.

2. The project also received an award by Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE), Govt. of India for Exemplary Demonstration of Use of Sustainable Building Materials at GRIHA Summit, held on 12th-14th March, 2015 at India Habitat Centre, Lodhi Road, New Delhi,refer Fig.10.


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Figure 4: Geo Green Bio Filter

Figure 5: Centralized Solar Powered Street Lighting System

Figure 3: Rat trap bond and Filter slab technology

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Figu

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Figure 7: Cluster level Landscape plan

Figure 8: Glimpse of project under implementation

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Figure 9: HUDCO Design Award

Figure 10: GRIHA Summit Award


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Project Name : Rehabilitation of slums on private lands through PPP-BSUP scheme in Nagpur city, Maharashtra.

City/State : Nagpur, Maharashtra


Year of Sanction : 2012-13 (Revised)

No. of DUs : 1694 (G+3), RCC Framed structure.


Background

The proposal is for rehabilitation of slum households living on reserved lands of ULB to the relocation site with piece of land offered by Private developer under Public Private Partnership (PPP) model. The project has been sanctioned under BSUP


A. Public Private Partnership (PPP) Model of Project ImplementationB. Benefits of the PPP schemeC. Efficient Dwelling Unit & Building plan

A. PublicPrivatePartnership(PPP)ModelforslumRehabilitationproject:

1. Under this PPP model, the private developers have to make their own private land available as relocation site for slum rehabilitation project and construct housing & related infrastructure as per BSUP/SRA guideline.

2. With regard to the selection of private developers, an expression of interest was called from the interested parties with details of lands and layout development plans. After scrutiny of these plans and other necessary documents like ownership documents etc., their selection was approved.

3. For the land made available by the private developer &, the developer is to be compensated in terms of TDR for the land (to be released in three phases). Apart from land, the developer has to contribute 30% of housing cost & 40% infrastructure cost, for which the developer is to be compensated in terms of construction TDR. The financial contribution from GoI & State Govt. is 50% & 10% of project cost respectively, while the beneficiary contribution is additional 10% of housing cost only.

4. The construction TDR is calculated in ratio of cost of construction to valuation of the land per square feet as per the government valuation.

5. The site offered by the private developer enjoys higher FSI (2.5) on account of being slum rehabilitation site. Also, the developer is allowed 25% commercial exploitation on this site which makes this scheme viable.

10 : Rehabilitation of slums on private lands through PPP-Nagpur city, Maharashtra

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6. In case of positive viability, premium is to be taken in form of extra dwelling units to be handed over to the SRA; in case of a negative viability despite of the above mentioned benefits, SRA will give the viability gap by leveraging slum TDR created by clearing of the slums.

7. Beneficiary contribution has been proposed to be taken during the shifting of them into the new dwelling units and final one third TDR of land will be paid once this shifting is complete.

B. BenefitsofthePPPScheme:

1. Additional land becomes available to the ULB at no cost at the location preferred by the slum dwellers. The area under slums gets available for development as per reservation.

2. Extra housing in the form of premium gets available to SRA for slum prevention and improvement schemes.

3. There is a good probability of getting some of these private lands in prime areas as TDR generated in these areas fetch more revenue.

4. This model involves private developers without much requirement of liquidity from their side. This makes construction more attractive and feasible giving boost to these activities in the city which will eventually give rise to more direct and indirect employment/benefit for the Urban Poor.

5. As the area offered by the private developers will be well spread across the city, the opportunities for the slum dwellers may be available with minimum mobility.

C. EfficientDwellingUnit&Buildingplan:

1. The dwelling units are in the form of G+3 Blocks. In the dwelling unit, a balcony has been provided with bed room, & in addition an open utility space has also been provided through living room. There is independent access of bath & toilet from both rooms. Good natural lighting & ventilation has been ensured for all the living spaces with windows and ventilators (Fig-1)

2. The building blocks have large sharing of wall, which makes the construction economical. Two building plans have been considered with one having 48 units & other 80 units per block. The FSI consumed is about one which is considered good while taking into account the open areas & development of social facilities at site based on SRA guideline. (Fig-2)

Attachments:

i) Two types of Building Plans including dwelling unit planii) Overall layout including social infrastructure


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Figure 1: 3D View of Dwelling Unit

Figure 2: Building Plan Type-II CLUSTER-5

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Ove

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Figure 4: Model Pictures

Figure 5: Actual Construction Photographs

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11 : Integrated Rehabilitation Project for the Urban Poor Staying in Slums in Dangerous Locations in Pimpri - Chinchwad (Pune) Maharashtra

Project Name : Integrated Rehabilitation Project for the Urban Poor Staying in Slums in Dangerous Locations in Pimpri - Chinchwad (Pune) Maharashtra

City/State : Pimpri - Chinchwad (Pune) Maharashtra

Project Cost : Rs. 22807.74 Lacs

Year of Sanction : 2007-2008 (Originally sanctioned)

No. of DUs : 6720

Development Model : Relocation of the urban poor staying in slums in dangerous locations in the city.

Background:

With the vision of Sustainable Slum Less City and sustainable solution for Urban Poor Housing, Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC) had proposed affordable housing stock of 6720 EWS dwelling units under BSUP in Sectors 17 & 19 in Chikhali area of Pune for the urban poor and economically weaker section families who aspire to own a dwelling unit in the city, but cannot afford due to high market costs. PCMC is using mass speedy construction technology structures namely Monolithic RCC load bearing walls & slabs structure with aluminium formwork technology


A. Efficient Dwelling Unit DesignB. Compact Cluster LayoutC. Adequate Physical & Social InfrastructureD. Adoption of Innovative - Speedy Construction TechnologyE. Community Participation and Allotment of Dwelling Units

A. EfficientDwellingUnitDesign:

The aspirations and requirements of the urban poor was kept in mind while designing the dwelling unit. Community participation, socio-economic surveys conducted by NGOs, public presentations and by constructing a sample / model house in the central location of the city for demonstration to the community and other stake holders, helped in designing the dwelling unit. The dwelling unit comprise of one bed room, living, kitchen, bath WC, terrace and an entrance lobby. There is complete privacy at night for occupants of both the rooms as there is individual access to toilet/bath. The sun shade / chajja outside the window, protects from rain and direct sun rays. The provision of terrace with sufficient area will have multifuctional use as it can accommodate a cot, serve as a sitout area & can also be used for drying clothes etc.A three side open dwelling unit arrangement with 6 units per floor served by a stairs & lift in the centre creates an internal courtyard open space for social and visual open communication. To maximize / optimize land utilization, stilted parking plus 7 floors buildings are designed with proper firefighting system and services. Figure 1 shows the dwelling unit design.


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B. Compact Cluster Layout:

The EWS Township is designed for 6720 dwellings units with 160 buildings arranged by creating a central courtyard between four buildings cluster and a larger open space created between four such clusters. The square layout pattern of approx. 500m x 500m facilitates walking convenience in the campus for the residents as indicated in Figure 2. A well designed Social infrastructure is converged within. A view of the cluster complex is reflected in figure 3.

C. Adequate Physical & Social Infrastructure:

A well designed water supply system, sewage treatment, roads & storm water drainage, street lighting & external electrification network, solid waste management & sanitation programs are already implemented under JNNURM Urban Infrastructure schemes with targeted population of 2020.

Community centers, health care facilities, educational facilities, street vendors markets, civic facility centers are developed in the new Town.

D. Adoption of Innovative - Construction Technology:

With standardized modular design, the construction is done with Monolithic RCC load bearing walls using Aluminum shuttering as indicated in Figure 4. The structural designs are vetted by Govt. College of Engineering, Pune and Quality Assurance Programs are regularly monitored.

E. Community Participation and Allotment of dwelling units:

Community participation was mandated for effective implementation of the project. NGOs facilitated community participation during project formulation and project implementation. Broadly, the role of NGOs and other institutions were:-

1. For selection of beneficiaries, a detailed public transparent procedure was followed by PCMC by involving University of Pune. The department of Science & Technology Park, designed a dedicated special software and evolved the eligibility lists as well as allotment.

2. PCMC published an information brochure for awareness of the scheme. The entire information was uploaded on the website as well as published in local newspapers.

3. For identification of beneficiaries, slum cadastral surveys was carried out by NGO- MASHAL.

Thousands of eligible needy urban poor happily occupied the EWS houses. Figure 5 shows a beneficiary occupying a house. PCMC devised a Continuous Improvement Program to address the needs, complaints of occupants at social and technical level. NGOs and Expert technical team was appointed to monitor and comply with the registered complaints and for awareness and improvements. Figure 5 shows a beneficiary occupying a house.

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Figure 1 A: Dwelling unit design

Figure 1 B : Dwelling unit design


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Figure 3: Building blocks arranged in cluster

Figure 2 : Cluster Plan of Township

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Figure 4: Monolithic RCC construction

Figure 5: Beneficiary occupying a house


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Project Name : Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme for Champhai (Phase II), Mizoram.

City/State : Champhai, Mizoram

Project Cost : 623 .00 Lacs


No. of DUs : 376 (Single Storied), Bamboo mat Walling with wooden frame & CGI Roofing sheet

Development Model : In-situ Development

Background

The proposal is for in-situ development of beneficiaries on their own parcel of land with basic civil and social amenities under IHSDP.


A. Green building Specifications in compatibility with hilly regionB. Traditional Community CentreC. Development of public Water PointD. Efficient Unit Plan

A. GreenbuildingSpecificationsincompatibilitywithhillyregion

1. The type of construction used in the project is called Assam Type Building. The columns, beams and door frames are made of first class timber.

2. The Bamboo Mat Boards walling have been used with CGI sheet skirting.

3. Wooden plank flooring has been used. The sloping roof has been laid with Corrugated Galvanized iron (CGI) over rafters and purlins made of wood.

4. The provision of rain water harvesting tank has been kept with DUs, which stores the rain water from roof directly through pipes.

5. The specifications adopted primarily use local materials as wood & bamboo for walling, flooring & roof support structure. The CGI sheet roofing & wall skirting are only items transported from plain area, however this item is of significantly low volume in comparison to components required for RCC/ Masonry construction. Such kind of specifications is appropriate for cost effective construction in hilly regions & encourages green concept (Fig-1).

B. Traditional Community Centre 1. One large community center with 250 sqmt area having dispensory, crech and a big central hall in line with

local tradition has been const

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