03 04 Composition Production of Paint-OvR+MvdG 2012 [Compat

8/17/2019 03 04 Composition Production of Paint-OvR+MvdG 2012 [Compat

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Training Center AkzoNobel Aerospace Coatings

CompositionComposition ofof PaintPaint


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© 2012 AkzoNobel NV. All rights reserved. Aerospace Coati ngs | Composi tion & Pr oduction of Paint 2

Content of presentation

1. Introduction

2. Resin

3. Pigments and fillers

4. Solvents

5. Additives


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© 2012 AkzoNobel NV. All rights reserved. Aerospace Coat ings | Composit ion & Product ion of Paint 3

Definition of paint:a material used for decorating or protecting a surface in a

thin surface film, originating from a mixture consisting of a

solid pigment suspended in a liquid, that when applied to a

surface dries to form a hard coating

1. Introduction


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Reasons for painting:• Decoration and Identity

• Protection

• Special Purposes:

• Non Slip

• Abrasion Resistance• Conductive

• Camouflage

1. Introduction


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© 2012 AkzoNobel NV. All rights reserved. Aerospace Coat ings | Composit ion & Product ion of Paint 5

Paint formulation = Finding a balance

1. Introduction


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2. Resin - Introduction

The resin or binder of the paint is the material that holds the

composition together and gives it most of its characteristics:

adhesion, water resistance, chemical resistance etc.

The resin is the backbone of the paint system!

Various drying mechanisms:

• Physical drying

• Chemical curing (cross-linking); conventional vs. high solid

• Drying of WB coatings; coalescence


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2. Resin - Physical drying

Wet stage Dry stage

Resin and Pigments

Solvent

Solvent

evaporates

Resin and Pigments

remain

Reversible


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2. Resin - Chemical cure

• The film formation is based on a chemical reaction.

The binders (molecules) will react (cross-link) to a

three dimensional network

• Chemical reaction depends upon temperature

• Requires mixing a basepaint with a hardener, with a

limited working time the potlife• Irreversible. Solvents cannot easily dissolve the dry

paint film again

• Epoxy - Amine paints, Polyurethane paints


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Base Polymer

Hardener moleculeReactive groups

Backbone polymer



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Chemicalreaction

Chemical

reaction

Chemicalreaction


3D

network


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High solid versus conventional:

Solvent

Solid content

(Binder &

pigments)

35-40%

60-65%

Conventional product High solid product

35-40%

60-65%



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A Component

B Component

3D Cross-linked network

More reactive groups;

higher reactivity required


Conventional product High solids product

lower viscosity, less solvent

reducing molecular weight


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2. Resin - Drying of WB coatings

• Known as dispersion, emulsion or latex paints

• Binder is not dissolved in solvents but dispersed as

small spheres in water

• Water evaporates and spheres come together

• Finally the spheres flow together (coalescence)

• Can be combined with chemical curing resins

• Waterborne products, e.g. Aerofine® and Aerowave®

Series


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1. Application

2. Evaporation water

4. Coalescence

5. Paint film

3. Phase inversion



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C onventional H igh Solids W aterborne

650 g/L350 g/L 100 g/L

220 g/L according ASTM D-3960(exempt water)



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3. Pigments; In-organic / organic

In-organic pigments:

• White pigments (titaniumdioxide,

oxide-red, etc.)

• Good hiding power, good thermal

resistance

Organic pigments:

• Hansa yellow, toluidine-red, etc.

• High colour power, good chemical

resistance


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Corrosion inhibiting pigments perform both active as passive

corrosion protection of the metal substrate

• Passive inhibition: close the surface against corrosive

influences by application of thick layer, e.g. tar.

• Active inhibition: actively slow down or inhibit corrosion,

e.g. chromate pigments.

3. Pigments; Corrosion inhibition

Water Ion (salt) Oxygen Corrosion+ + = Aluminum +


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Aerospace industry: Active corrosion inhibition

Finish

Primer

Surface treatment (e.g. CAA)

Aluminum metal microstructure

Cr6+

3. Pigments; Corrosion inhibition


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Special pigments create a visual effect on the dry paint film

• Metallic/ mica pigments

• Interference pigments

Fillers are added to the paint for e.g. good sandability of

primers, reducing dry film weight

• Talc, silica, etc

3. Pigments; Special pigments / fillers


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• Solvents are the liquid ‘carrier’ for the paint ingredients

and make the paint applicable by spraying or brushing

• Temporary function; the solvents will evaporate

• Various types: water, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic

hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters

• Reduction of organic solvent level desirable from health,safety and environmental perspective

4. Solvents; Introduction


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Evaporation rate

(Ether = 1)

Flashpoin t (oC)

Butyl acetate 13 27

Toluene 6.1 5

Xylene 13.5 26

Ethanol 8.3 12

MEK 3.3 -4

4. Solvents; Parameters


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Additives are materials added in small quantities to thepaint to ease the paint production or improve application

or dry film properties

Types of additives:

5. Additives; Introduction

• Catalysts for curing

reactions

• Dispersing agents

• Surfactant

• Foam control agents

• Flow aids

• Biocides• Hindered amine light

stabilisers (HALS)

• UV absorbers

• Adhesion promoters

• Matting agents


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• Binders or resin

• Pigments and fillers

• Solvents

• Additives

Summary


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Composition of Paint

Thank you for your attention…


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Training Center AkzoNobel Aerospace Coatings

Production of PaintProduction of Paint


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To separate pigment agglomerates (as supplied) intostabilized primary pigment particles

Pigment agglomerate Primary pigment particles

Appearance in paint film

Aim


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1. Addition of pigments 2. Dispersion

3. Stabilizing with additive 4. No stabilization

Stabilized pigment

particlesNon-stabilized pigment

particles

Phase I - Pre-mix stage

Resin+solvent


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The pigment agglomerates are further broken

under high shear by means of hard, abrasion

resistant milling beads

Phase I - Milling stage

Primary pigment

particles

Pigment

agglomerate

Agitated milling beads

creating high shear forces

topcoat

primer


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M i l l i n g s t a g e

P r e - m i x s t a g e

Phase I - Production dispersion

High

Speed

Disperser


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Pigment dispersion

Resin

Additives

Solvent

The Primer- or topcoat dispersion (highly concentrated, high viscosity) is

let down to a finished product with a lower viscosity

Phase II - Let down to standard color


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Product line; different standard colors (tinters)

Customer colour

Colour making process

Phase III - Colour making


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• Each batch of wet paint is tested (Quality Control) by AkzoNobel Aerospace Coatings on several properties:

• Fineness, density, solid content, viscosity, drying times, etc.

• Dry film properties according to customers specification:

• Adhesion (initial, 14 days water immersion), flexibility

• Scratch resistance (initial, after 14 days immersion in wateror hydraulic fluid)

• Etc.

The final stage in the paint production process is Filling:

• The product is filtered before filling• Cans or barrels are filled and labelled (batch number)

• Product is stored in the distribution centre

Quality control & Filling


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Factory Tour

Safety Rules:

No smoking

No electronic devices

Leave mobile phones, camera’s etc in meeting room

Meeting room will be locked Wear safety glasses where required

Wear orange jacket for visibility

Stay together and stay with your guide

Do not touch equipment or open tanks

Keep your distance from tanks and machinery

Watch out for forklifts, they have right of way / priority

03 04 Composition Production of Paint-OvR+MvdG 2012 [Compat

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