02.Structure and Main Part of the Ship
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Transcript of 02.Structure and Main Part of the Ship
11
PİRİ REİS UNIVERSITYPİRİ REİS UNIVERSITY
STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
STRUCTURAL PARTS OF THE HULL
The hull (TEKNE) is the main body of the ship below the main outside deck. The hull consists of an outside covering (or skin) and an inside framework to which the skin is secured. The skin and framework are usually made of steel and secured by welding.
The hull (TEKNE) is the main body of the ship below the main outside deck. The hull consists of an outside covering (or skin) and an inside framework to which the skin is secured. The skin and framework are usually made of steel and secured by welding.
DİKEY POSTALAR
KÜPEŞTEKAPLAMASI
KARİNA KAPLAMALARI
BÖLME PERDESİ
KEMERE
BORDAKAPLAMASI
BOYUNA POSTA
GÜVERTE KAPLAMASI
PUNTEL
SİNTİNEKAPLAMASI
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
The interior of the ship is divided by the bulkheads and decks into watertight compartments. A vessel could be made virtually unsinkable if it were divided into enough small compartments.
The interior of the ship is divided by the bulkheads and decks into watertight compartments. A vessel could be made virtually unsinkable if it were divided into enough small compartments.
BULKHEADS
44
STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
However, too many compartments would interfere with the arrangement of mechanical equipment and the operation of the ship. Engine rooms must be large enough to accommodate bulky machinery. Cargo spaces must be large enough to hold large equipment and containers.
However, too many compartments would interfere with the arrangement of mechanical equipment and the operation of the ship. Engine rooms must be large enough to accommodate bulky machinery. Cargo spaces must be large enough to hold large equipment and containers.
BULKHEADS
55
STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
ENGINE ROOM
The engine room is a separate compartment containing the propulsion machinery of the vessel. Depending on the size and type of propulsion machinery, other vessel machinery may be located there (such as generators, pumping systems, evaporators, and condensers for making fresh water).
The engine room is a separate compartment containing the propulsion machinery of the vessel. Depending on the size and type of propulsion machinery, other vessel machinery may be located there (such as generators, pumping systems, evaporators, and condensers for making fresh water).
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
ENGINE ROOM
The propulsion unit for ships is a diesel engine. The "shaft" or rod that transmits power from the engine to the propeller leads from the aft end of the engine to the propeller.
The propulsion unit for ships is a diesel engine. The "shaft" or rod that transmits power from the engine to the propeller leads from the aft end of the engine to the propeller.
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
ENGINE ROOM
MAIN ENGINEALTERNATOR
DIESEL ALTERNATOR
SHAFT
REDUCTION GEAR
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
EXTERNAL PARTS OF THE HULL
The general area in the forward part of the ship is the forecastle.Along the edges of the weather deck from bow to stern are removable stanchions and light wire ropes, called life lines (vardavela).Extensions of the shell plating above the deck are called bulkwarks (küpeşte-trizi).
The general area in the forward part of the ship is the forecastle.Along the edges of the weather deck from bow to stern are removable stanchions and light wire ropes, called life lines (vardavela).Extensions of the shell plating above the deck are called bulkwarks (küpeşte-trizi).
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
EXTERNAL PARTS OF THE HULL
The uppermost deck running from the bow to the stern is called the weather deck.The main deck area over the stern is called the fantail or poop (kıçüstü).The flat part of the bottom of the ship is called the bilge (sintine).
The uppermost deck running from the bow to the stern is called the weather deck.The main deck area over the stern is called the fantail or poop (kıçüstü).The flat part of the bottom of the ship is called the bilge (sintine).
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
EXTERNAL PARTS OF THE HULL
A ship with only one
propeller is called a
single-screw ship.
Ships with two
propellers are called
twin-screw ships.
The rudder is used to
steer the ship.
A ship with only one
propeller is called a
single-screw ship.
Ships with two
propellers are called
twin-screw ships.
The rudder is used to
steer the ship.
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
NAMES OF DECKS
The decks aboard ship are the same as the floors in a house.The main deck is the first continuous watertight deck that runs from the bow to the stern.In many instances, the weather deck and the main deck may be one and the same.
The decks aboard ship are the same as the floors in a house.The main deck is the first continuous watertight deck that runs from the bow to the stern.In many instances, the weather deck and the main deck may be one and the same.
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
NAMES OF DECKS
Any partial deck above the main deck is named according to its location on the ship.At the bow it is called a forecastle deck (baş kasara), amidships it is an upper deck (üst güverte), and at the stern it is called the poop deck (kıç kasara).
Any partial deck above the main deck is named according to its location on the ship.At the bow it is called a forecastle deck (baş kasara), amidships it is an upper deck (üst güverte), and at the stern it is called the poop deck (kıç kasara).
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
NAMES OF DECKS
The term weather deck (açık güverte) includes all parts of the forecastle, main, upper, and poop decks exposed to the weather. Any structure built above the weather deck is called superstructure (üst yapı).
The term weather deck (açık güverte) includes all parts of the forecastle, main, upper, and poop decks exposed to the weather. Any structure built above the weather deck is called superstructure (üst yapı).
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
SHIPBOARD DIRECTIONS AND LOCATIONS Bow The front end of the ship is the bow (baş). When you move toward the bow, you are going forward, when the vessel is moving forward, it is going ahead (ileri). When facing toward the bow, the front-right side is the starboard bow and the front-left side is the port bow.
Bow The front end of the ship is the bow (baş). When you move toward the bow, you are going forward, when the vessel is moving forward, it is going ahead (ileri). When facing toward the bow, the front-right side is the starboard bow and the front-left side is the port bow.
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
SHIPBOARD DIRECTIONS AND LOCATIONS
Amidships (Center) The central or middle area of a ship is amidships (vasat). The right center side is the starboard beam (sancak kemere) and the left center side is the port beam (iskele kemere).
Amidships (Center) The central or middle area of a ship is amidships (vasat). The right center side is the starboard beam (sancak kemere) and the left center side is the port beam (iskele kemere).
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STRUCTURE AND MAIN PART OF THE SHIP
SHIPBOARD DIRECTIONS AND LOCATIONS Stern (Back) The rear of a vessel is the stern (kıç). When you move in that direction you are going aft, when the ship moves in that direction it is going astern (tornistan). When looking forward, the right-rear section is called the starboard quarter (sancak kıç omuzluk) and the left-rear section is called the port quarter (iskele kıç omuzluk).
Stern (Back) The rear of a vessel is the stern (kıç). When you move in that direction you are going aft, when the ship moves in that direction it is going astern (tornistan). When looking forward, the right-rear section is called the starboard quarter (sancak kıç omuzluk) and the left-rear section is called the port quarter (iskele kıç omuzluk).
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SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
The term "ship’s gear" is used to describe that gear and equipment aboard ship that is used for cargo transfer activities and deck operations. Ship’s gear can be divided into 4 categories:
The term "ship’s gear" is used to describe that gear and equipment aboard ship that is used for cargo transfer activities and deck operations. Ship’s gear can be divided into 4 categories:
Standing rigging.
Running rigging.
Deck fittings.
Deck machinery.
Standing rigging.
Running rigging.
Deck fittings.
Deck machinery.
1818
STANDING RIGGING
Standing rigging gear includes the rigging that supports masts or king posts.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
direk
Liftin uskuru
çarmık
1919
STANDING RIGGING
Shrouds (çarmık)
These are heavy wire ropes that provide athwartship support for the mast or king posts. Two or more shrouds are used on either side of a mast or king post. They are secured to the outboard side of the deck or to the bulwark to provide maximum support.
Shrouds (çarmık)
These are heavy wire ropes that provide athwartship support for the mast or king posts. Two or more shrouds are used on either side of a mast or king post. They are secured to the outboard side of the deck or to the bulwark to provide maximum support.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
2020
STANDING RIGGING
Turnbuckles (liftin uskuru)
These are internally threaded collars turning on two screws threaded in opposite directions. They are used to secure and to take up the slack in the shrouds and stays.
Turnbuckles (liftin uskuru)
These are internally threaded collars turning on two screws threaded in opposite directions. They are used to secure and to take up the slack in the shrouds and stays.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
2121
STANDING RIGGING
Stays and Backstays (baş/kıç ıstralya)
These are heavy wires similar to shrouds. The difference is that they will lead in a forward or aft direction. They are found at the mast where the jumbo boom (heavy lift boom) is located. When they support the mast from a forward direction, they are called stays. When they support the mast from an aft (back) direction, they are called backstays.
Stays and Backstays (baş/kıç ıstralya)
These are heavy wires similar to shrouds. The difference is that they will lead in a forward or aft direction. They are found at the mast where the jumbo boom (heavy lift boom) is located. When they support the mast from a forward direction, they are called stays. When they support the mast from an aft (back) direction, they are called backstays.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
2222
RUNNING RIGGING
This gear includes the moving or movable parts that are used to hoist or operate gear (such as cargo runners, topping lifts (mantilya), and guy tackles (palanga)).
This gear includes the moving or movable parts that are used to hoist or operate gear (such as cargo runners, topping lifts (mantilya), and guy tackles (palanga)).
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
Derrick guy
Topping lift span
block
mast
hook
boom
gooseneck
Union plate
Guy pendant
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DECK FITTINGS
These are the devices that are used to secure standing rigging, running rigging, and mooring lines.These are the devices that are used to secure standing rigging, running rigging, and mooring lines.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
BABA
KURTAĞZI
KOÇ BOYNUZU
KAPALI KURTAĞZI
MAPA
TAMBURATALI KURTAĞZI
2424
DECK FITTINGS
Bitts (Baba/bita)These are heavy metal bed plates with two iron or steel posts. They are used on ships for securing mooring or towing lines. Usually there is a set forward and after each chock.
Bitts (Baba/bita)These are heavy metal bed plates with two iron or steel posts. They are used on ships for securing mooring or towing lines. Usually there is a set forward and after each chock.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
2525
DECK FITTINGS
Bollard (baba)
Strong cylindrical upright on a pier, about which a mooring line is placed.
Bollard (baba)
Strong cylindrical upright on a pier, about which a mooring line is placed.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
2626
DECK FITTINGS
Chocks (Kurt ağzı)These are heavy fittings secured to the deck. Lines are passed through them to bollards on the pier. The types of chocks used are closed, open, roller, and double roller.
Chocks (Kurt ağzı)These are heavy fittings secured to the deck. Lines are passed through them to bollards on the pier. The types of chocks used are closed, open, roller, and double roller.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
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DECK FITTINGS
Chocks (Kurt ağzı)Chocks (Kurt ağzı)
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
BABA
KURTAĞZI
KOÇ BOYNUZU
KAPALI KURTAĞZI
MAPA
TAMBURATALI KURTAĞZI
2828
DECK FITTINGS
Cleats (Koç boynuzu)These are metal fittings having two projecting horns. They are used for securing lines.
Cleats (Koç boynuzu)These are metal fittings having two projecting horns. They are used for securing lines.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
2929
DECK FITTINGS
Pad Eyes (mapa)These are fixtures welded to a deck or bulkhead. They have an eye to which lines or tackle are fastened and are used for securing or handling cargo.
Pad Eyes (mapa)These are fixtures welded to a deck or bulkhead. They have an eye to which lines or tackle are fastened and are used for securing or handling cargo.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
3030
Fenders (usturmaça)
Material designed to absorb the
shock of contact between two
ships or a ship and a pier.
Fenders (usturmaça)
Material designed to absorb the
shock of contact between two
ships or a ship and a pier.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
3131
A rope ladder, lowered from the
deck, as when pilots or passengers
come aboard.
A rope ladder, lowered from the
deck, as when pilots or passengers
come aboard.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
Jacobs Ladder (Şeytan Çarmığı)Jacobs Ladder (Şeytan Çarmığı)
3232
Pilot’s ladder (pilot çarmığı)
Flexible portable ladder,
usually constructed of metal,
stronger than a Jacob’s ladder.
Pilot’s ladder (pilot çarmığı)
Flexible portable ladder,
usually constructed of metal,
stronger than a Jacob’s ladder.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
3333
Sea ladder (küpeşte iskelesi)
Rigid, portable ladder that maybe rigged to the side of the ship.
Sea ladder (küpeşte iskelesi)
Rigid, portable ladder that maybe rigged to the side of the ship.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
3434
Accommodation Ladder (borda iskelesi)
Rigid, inclined ladder rigged to the side of the ship to allow boarding of a moored or anchored ship.
Accommodation Ladder (borda iskelesi)
Rigid, inclined ladder rigged to the side of the ship to allow boarding of a moored or anchored ship.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
3535
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
Accommodation Ladder (borda iskelesi)
1.Guard rails (vardevala)
2. Stanchion (puntel)
3. Safety net (emniyet ağı)
4. Hoisting arrangement
5. Ladder (iskele)
6. Bottom platform (alt tava)
7. Lighting (aydınlatma)
8. Base (taban/yer)
9. Lifebuoy (can simidi)
1.Guard rails (vardevala)
2. Stanchion (puntel)
3. Safety net (emniyet ağı)
4. Hoisting arrangement
5. Ladder (iskele)
6. Bottom platform (alt tava)
7. Lighting (aydınlatma)
8. Base (taban/yer)
9. Lifebuoy (can simidi)
3636
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
Gangway (sürme iskele)
A movable bridge used in boarding or leaving a ship at a pier.
Gangway (sürme iskele)
A movable bridge used in boarding or leaving a ship at a pier.
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DECK MACHINERY
This includes the standard machinery that is found on the decks of merchant vessels. The size and shape of the deck machinery may vary depending upon type of vessel, but the operating principles remain the same.
This includes the standard machinery that is found on the decks of merchant vessels. The size and shape of the deck machinery may vary depending upon type of vessel, but the operating principles remain the same.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
3838
DECK MACHINERY
Cargo Winches
These are power-driven
machines used to lift, lower, or
move cargo. Winches are
classified according to their
source of power. Electric
winches are standard equipment
on most vessels. An electric
winch has a steel base on which
the winch drum, motor, gears,
shafts, and brakes are mounted.
Cargo Winches
These are power-driven
machines used to lift, lower, or
move cargo. Winches are
classified according to their
source of power. Electric
winches are standard equipment
on most vessels. An electric
winch has a steel base on which
the winch drum, motor, gears,
shafts, and brakes are mounted.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
3939
DECK MACHINERY
Cargo Winches
The drum, which has cable wound on it, is usually smooth with flanged ends. It turns on a horizontal axis and is driven through single or double reduction gears by an electric motor (usually direct current). A solenoid brake and a mechanical brake are fitted to the motor shaft. The winch is located on deck.
Cargo Winches
The drum, which has cable wound on it, is usually smooth with flanged ends. It turns on a horizontal axis and is driven through single or double reduction gears by an electric motor (usually direct current). A solenoid brake and a mechanical brake are fitted to the motor shaft. The winch is located on deck.
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
4040
DECK MACHINERY
Capstan (bocurgat-dik ırgat)
The capstan is a vertically mounted winch head used aboard ship when mechanical power is required for raising anchor, lifting heavy weights, or for any similar work.
Capstan (bocurgat-dik ırgat)
The capstan is a vertically mounted winch head used aboard ship when mechanical power is required for raising anchor, lifting heavy weights, or for any similar work.
FENER
KASTANYOLA
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
4141
CapstanCapstan
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR
4242
DECK MACHINERY
Windlass (ırgat)Windlass (ırgat)
SHIP'S DECK GEARSHIP'S DECK GEAR