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A. Noble & Son Ltd. has been stocking and distributing wire ropealmost since the inception of the company in 1911.

Apart from the distribution of wire rope Nobles personnel cansupply guidance on correct usage and selection of wire rope. Nobles branches throughout Australia have swaging presses forterminating wire rope and NATA accredited tensile testinglaboratories. The testing laboratories can be used for destructiontesting and proof loading of wire ropes and wire rope assemblies.

A. Noble & Son Ltd. represents a range of wire ropemanufacturers from all over the world who each have their ownspecialities in mine winding, crane and general purpose ropes.

Description, Size & Construction

A wire rope is made up of the basic components illustrated. The terms used to describe these component parts should bestrictly adhered to, particularly when reporting on the conditionsof ropes.

Describing wires as strands and strands as wire can be grosslymisleading. For example, a report that a rope has a broken strandin most applications calls for immediate discarding of the rope,and subsequent cessation of operation, while a report that a ropehas a broken wire in it should call for early inspection but seldomfor discarding the rope.

Wire Rope DescriptionThe properties of a wire rope are derived from its size,construction, quality, lay and type of core.

SizeRopes are referred to by a diameter size. The correct way tomeasure wire rope is shown below.

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GENERAL INFORMATION

ConstructionThe main components of a wire rope are shown below.

In the above example, each individual wire is arranged around acentral wire to form a 7-wire strand. Six of these strands areformed around a central core to make a wire rope. The rope isspecified as 6x7 (6/1) – i.e. six strands each of seven wires.

The size and number of wires in each strand, as well as the sizeand number of strands in the rope greatly affect thecharacteristics of the rope. In general, a large number of small-size wires and strands produce a flexible rope with goodresistance to bending fatigue. The rope construction is alsoimportant for tensile loading (static, live or shock), abrasive wear,crushing, corrosion and rotation.

Equal Laid Rope Cross Laid Rope

Correct Method Incorrect Method

Core

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GENERAL INFORMATION

Multiple Operation: Individual strands are composed ofsuccessive layers of wire laid up at different lay lengths. This results in a cross laid rope.

This type of construction is now confined to a limited range ofproducts such as ropes below 8mm diameter, and large sling andstatic ropes.

Single Operation: All wires in the strand are laid up in the onemanufacturing operation. This type of rope is standard production,providing an equal laid rope that eliminates internal cross-matingand forms a compact strand of high metallic content. There arethree main types: 6x9/9/1, 6x25 FW and 6x36 SW.

Rotation Resistant: The conventional rotation resistant wirerope is composed of a number of strands that are laid up inopposite directions to produce a non-rotating effect.

The 4 strand Mono Track is a complete departure from thisconvention and is created through theoretical analyses of theworking torques.

Triangular Strand: The wires are specially formed to produce a strand with a triangular section – this type of rope is onlyproduced in Lang’s lay. This construction has improved wear andcrush resistance and has wide application in winding and haulagesystems.

Galvanised Strand: These are single strands of concentric layersof wires, some of which are cross laid to produce a non-rotatingresult.

Half Locked Coil: A strand with the outer layer composed ofalternate shaped and round wires covering one or two layers ofround wires laid in the opposite direction.

Full Locked Coil: A strand used as a rope and composed of oneor two layers of Z-shaped wires laid over layers of half lock coiland/or layers of round wires.

Rotation Resistant Mining Ropes: A rope composed offlattened strands of six or eight wires contra laid over a triangularstrand rope to produce a rotation resistant result.

Cores & Wire TensileA number of core types are available and each gives specificproperties to the rope:

1. Fibre Core (FC) – sisal or polypropylene.

2. Wire Strand Core (WSC) – strand usually of the sameconstruction as the outer strands.

3. Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) – a wire rope usually of6x7 (6/1)/1x7(6/1) construction.

Fibre Core (FC) in 6x7 ropeA fibre core, generally sisal, provides aresilient foundation for the strands in therope structure. Fibre cores are used forropes that are not subjected to heavyloading and where flexibility in handling isrequired. Fibre cores are inadequate wherewire rope is subjected to heavy loading,prolonged to outdoor exposure andcrushing on small drums and sheaves.

Wire Strand Core (WSC) in 6x7 RopeThese cores are used chiefly for standingropes (guys or rigging), and offer highertensile strength and, owing to the largerwires in the core, greater resistance tocorrosion failure.

Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) in 6x25 FW RopeIn many instances it is recommended touse a wire rope with an independent wirerope core (I.W.R.C). Such a core is usuallymade up of 6 strands of 7 wires each pluscentre strand.

Multiple Operation

Single Operation

Rotation Resistant

Triangular Strand

Galvanised Strand

Full Locked Coil

Half Locked Coil

Non-Rotating Mining

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GENERAL INFORMATION

The independent wire rope core provides:

1. Permanent support and uniform spacing of the strands laidaround it; it is not compressible and has greater wearresistance than fibre core.

2. Permanent elastic stretch of the wire rope over a longerperiod of time.

3. Increased resistance to deterioration and deformation.

4. Delay of internal corrosion; the lubricant is not squeezed outof the core.

5. It increases the actual breaking load of the rope by at least8% in the case of 6-strand ropes and about 25% in the caseof 8-strand ropes.

6. Better performance for operating in very high temperatures.

An independent wire rope core increases the weight of a 6-strandrope by about 10%, and that of an 8-strand rope by approx. 20%.

Although a new rope with I.W.R.C. may be somewhat less flexiblethan a new rope with fibre core, it retains its relative flexibilitywhereas a rope with fibre core gradually loses its flexibility duringuse. Having better resistance to deterioration and deformation, arope with I.W.R.C. is less susceptible to damage when used onsmall sheaves and drums than a rope with fibre core, it will alsolast longer before deterioration and deformation set in whenwound on a drum in multiple layers.

Tensile Strength GradesWire ropes are usually supplied in the following tensile ranges:

Rope Grade Range of wire tensile strength gradesN/mm2

1570 1370 to 1770

1770 1570 to 1960

1960 1770 to 2160

2160 1960 to 2160

Rope Grade Equivalents

Rope Grade Designation Equivalent Rope Grade

IPS 1770

EIPS 1960

EEIPS 2160

Preforming, Postforming & LayPreformingA preformed rope is one in which the component strands areshaped to their final helical form before being laid into the rope.

Preforming can be applied to both Ordinary lay and Lang’s layropes and, unless specifically ordered otherwise, all standardropes are supplied preformed.

The advantages of preforming are mainly:

1. Reduction of internal stresses in the rope. This makes therope easier to handle, install, reduces its tendency to kink and gives better spooling onto drums.

2. Greatly improved resistance to bending fatigue particularly in operation over small drums and sheaves.

3. Greater stability and better resistance to shock loading and abrasion.

4. Improved rope life due to the better equalisation of loadingbetween strands in the rope and reduction of internal stressesin the rope.

5. Greater safety in handling of ropes as broken wire ends donot protrude. This factor also reduces wear on equipment incontact with the rope.

PostformingPostforming is a manufacturing process applied to ropes tominimise stretch in service. It reduces the stretch caused by"bedding-in" the wires and strands onto their respective cores. In addition to controlling stretch, postforming produces resultsclosely related to those achieved by preforming.Postforming is particularly useful in overcoming stretch in longlengths of rope and where take-up adjustment is restricted. It iscommonly applied to ropes used in aerial ropeways, guying,chairlifts and control cables.

LayThis refers to the way the wires in the strands, and the strands inthe rope are formed into the completed rope. The wire strandsare essentially laid up in a planetary motion with controlled twistbeing imparted to produce a tightly formed rope.

The term "lay" is used in three ways:

1. To describe the direction in which the strands are laid in therope, right or left. In a Right Hand lay strands are laid aroundthe rope core in a clockwise direction – see illustration. In a Left Hand lay, the strands are laid anti-clockwise – see illustration. Steel Wire Ropes are conventionally producedRight Hand lay unless special circumstances require Left Handlay.

2. To describe the direction in which the wires are stranded inrelation to the direction of the strands in the completed rope,e.g. Ordinary lay or Lang’s lay.

Ordinary lay means the wires in a strand are laid in adirection opposite to the direction in which the strands arelaid in the final rope.

Lang’s lay is the reverse of Ordinary lay. That is, the wires arelaid in the same direction as the strands in the rope.

Lang’s lay ropes have superior properties in resistance towear, abrasion, fatigue and scuffing. This is illustrated on thefollowing page, where it can be seen that wear on an outerwire is distributed over a far greater area than in Ordinary lay.

3. "Lay" is also a measure of the pitch of a strand in a rope.

With the increasing use of heavy-duty and more compactequipment (e.g. power winches on mobile cranes and minewinding) there is a gradual upward trend in the required rope wiretensile range. However, as factors other than strength influencethe life of wire rope, the specific application must be kept in mindwhen tensile strength of wire is selected.

Surface FinishThe most common are:Galvanised wire rope - Zinc coated Class B is denoted with B (formerly G).

Galvanised wire rope - Zinc coated Class A is denoted with A (formerly G Class A).

Uncoated or Bright wire rope (Black) - is denoted with U (formerly B).

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Characteristics of Lay: The direction of rope lay does not affectthe Breaking Force of a rope. However, the combination of strandlay and rope lay will greatly affect the rope characteristics andthis factor must be taken into consideration when choosing arope. Although the lay length can slightly affect rope behaviourthe dominant aspect that influences performance is the directionof lay and whether it is Lang’s lay or Ordinary lay. For example,the importance of rope lay is evident in a four-part highlift grabwhere rotation of the grab is prevented by the use of alternateright-hand and left-hand ropes.

Lubrication, Specifications, Testing& Plastic CoatingLubricationWhen a rope is operated over a drum or sheave, the strands and wires move relative to one another. To reduce the resultantfriction within the rope as well as the friction between the ropeand drum or sheave, ropes are lubricated in manufacture. In addition this lubrication also retards corrosion and inhibitspossible rotting of the fibre core. In special applications acombination of lubricants may be called for, e.g., the core andinner wires of the strands may be heavily lubricated while thelighter lubrication may be applied to outer wires and strands.

Wire rope cores are normally heavily lubricated irrespective of the outer strand lubrication.

SpecificationsAll standard ropes are produced to generally comply with therequirements of Australian Standards. However some of our more technically advanced wire ropes have special characteristicsrequired to provide superior performance.

Testing & Inspection of Wire RopesNobles can offer special services for rope users to assist in theirinspection of used ropes. Our personnel have in many cases had a lifetime in the industry during which considerable experiencehas been gained.

The NATA accredited tensile laboratories in the various Noblesbranches throughout Australia can provide tensile destructiontesting services, while the company is also accredited by NATA to carry out non-destructive testing on wire ropes in situ.

Plastic Coated Wire RopesPlastic coatings are extruded onto a range of rope and strandedproducts for applications requiring a high resistance to corrosion.Plastic coated ropes are available in the following rope size andconstruction range:

6x7 and 7x7 up to 8mm galvanised6x19 and 7x19 up to 12mm galvanised6x24 up to 12mm galvanised

Typical applications are rigging lines, handrails, steering lines andholding lines in the shipping, pearling and fishing industries.

Plastic coated strands are also available in PVC and blackpolyethylene.

Standard Blue PVC Coating on 6 x 19 FC B 1570 Wire Rope

Lay Directions & Types

z (right lay) s (left lay)

Lay direction of strands for stranded ropes are right (z) or left (s)and correspond to the direction of lay of the outer wires inrelation to the longitudinal axis of the strand.

Lay direction of ropes are right (Z) or left (S) and correspond tothe direction of lay of the outer wires in a spiral rope, the outerstrands in a stranded rope or the unit ropes in a cable-laid rope in relation to the longitudinal axis of the rope.

RHOL / RHRL (sZ) LHOL /LHRL (zS) RHLL (zZ) LHLL (sS)Ordinary lay Lang’s lay

Note: The first letter of the symbol denotes strand direction and the second letter denotesrope direction.

Right hand ordinary lay (sZ)

Right hand lang’s lay (zZ)

Left hand ordinary lay (zS)

Left hand lang’s lay (sS)

Right hand alternate lay (aZ)

One rope lay

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OrderingThe size, grade and construction of a rope must match thespecific application and design factors.

Rope LengthWire rope is manufactured to length tolerances as follows;Up to 400m = +5% - 0%400 to 1000m = +20mOver 1000m = +2% - 0% When a closer length is required, this should be specified in theorder. In calculating rope length requirements, it is advisable toconsider the following practical points for economy in operation:

1. In most cases, mining regulations require a test length be cutat specified periods. Sufficient extra length to cater for suchtests over the expected service life of the rope should beadded to the necessary operating rope length, plus aminimum of 2 1/2 drum turns for anchorage.

2. It is also advisable to make allowance for "cropping" inservice as a consequence of wear or accidental damage at the capel end.

3. In many rope applications, wear and other deterioration areconcentrated in spots along the length of the rope. It is oftenpossible to gain economies in the overall life of the rope byproviding additional length to enable feeding through of thenew rope from the drum to spread the area of wear. Thispractice is regularly used to advantage on cable-operatedearthmoving equipment and oil-well drilling rigs.

4. Short lengths of special rope constructions, if ordered insingle units, can be costly to produce. Consideration of thenumber of such ropes in use and their probable service lifecan often make it more economical to order several suchropes at one time. As a rule, this helps to expedite productionand lessens the possibility of delays in supply.

On existing equipment the rope size is generally fixed by thegrooving of the sheaves and drums. Larger ropes should never beused without modification of drum and sheave grooving to suitthe new rope. It should be remembered that ropes 8mm andabove are made to a diameter tolerance of minus 0% to plus 5%with the exception of 6x24 construction, which has a tolerance ofplus 7%.

ConstructionThe construction of a rope for any given application should besuited to the equipment and to the conditions under which it willoperate. It is important to nominate the construction whenordering. For example, the rope illustrated is ordered as 6x25Filler Wire.

Rope GradeThe minimum tensile strength of the wire is expressed inmegapascals.

Lay of RopeLay affects behaviour and operating life of a wire rope. It isimportant therefore to quote (a) the direction of lay, and (b) thetype of lay and details of the rope application and operatingconditions. The illustration shows a right hand lang’s lay (zZ) orRHLL rope. Ropes are normally supplied right-hand lay.

Rope CoreThe type of rope core must be specified because of the significantdifferences in properties of a wire rope core and fibre core.

Ordering for Special ApplicationsTo obtain the best rope recommended for particular equipmentand operating conditions, information should be supplied onloading, sheave and drum diameters, speed of operation,corrosive conditions and fleet angles etc. A simple sketch of therope rigging is a convenient means of showing this type ofinformation.

All orders should contain information on the above factors.

When purchasers are not sure of the exact requirements thefollowing particulars should be submitted:-

(a) Length and size.(b) Load exclusive of mass of the rope.(c) Dimensions of drums and sheave.(d) Corrosive conditions.(e) Sketch of the application.

Special aspects of rope supply may be necessary

The following check list is suggested:-

(a) Special length considerations such as minimum length, exact length.

(b) Special diameter tolerance.(c) Rope end preparation.(d) End attachments to inside or outside end.(e) Stretch considerations.(f) Special lubricant type and amount.(g) Special reel dimensions, strength, shaft sizes, anchorage

details and lagging.(h) Despatch instructions.

EXAMPLEA typical order for wire rope would read:

"500m 16mm 6x9/9/1 A, B or U 1770 Grade RHLL (zZ) IWRC."

Abbreviations, Prestretching & Seizing

AbbreviationsThe following abbreviations have been standardised for orderingand identification purposes.

Wire Qualities1570 MPa

1770 MPa

1960 MPa

I.P.S. – Improved Plough Steel

E.I.P.S. – Extra Improved Plough Steel

Right Hand Lang’s Lay

6 x 25 FW Fibre Core

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Constructions & Lays

RHOL Right Hand Ordinary Lay (sZ)LHOL Left Hand Ordinary Lay (zS)RHLL Right Hand Lang’s Lay (zZ)LHLL Left Hand Lang’s Lay (sS)RHAL Right Hand Alternate Lay (aZ)Pref PreformedPost PostformedIWRC Independent Wire Rope CoreWSC Wire Strand CoreFC Fibre CoreFW Filler Wire Strand ConstructionTS Triangular Strand ConstructionW Warrington Strand ConstructionS Seale Strand ConstructionSW Seale Warrington ConstructionSF Seale Filler ConstructionD or d Diameter (in millimetres)FS Flattened StrandHLC Half Locked CoilFLC Full Locked Coil

PrestretchingIs the loading of a rope or strand from 33.3% to 50% of itsbreaking load to remove constructional stretch, and this allows forthe more accurate setting of lengths for guying and suspensioncables.

The initial stretch cannot be accurately determined by theoreticalmeans and will continue to take place until it has been completelyremoved.

After this initial stretch (or constructional stretch) has beenremoved the strand will have a truly elastic measure whereelongation is proportional to applied load.

SeizingEither of the following methods of seizing will ensure that therope will later perform its job satisfactorily.

Long Seizing (for ropes over 26mm diameter)

1. Place one end of seizing wire in the valley between strands.2. Take the long end of the wire and turn at right angles to itself

and wind back over itself and the rope in a close tight seizingof the required length.

3. The amount of seizing should not be less than 6 to 8 timesthe rope diameter.

4. Twist the two ends of the wire together. Alternate tighteningand twisting of the ends will draw the seizing up tight.

5. Cut the end of the twisted wires and knock down into a valleybetween two strands.

The above method is best applied using a seizing mallet or bat.

Short Seizing (for ropes below 26mm diameter)

1. Wrap the seizing wire around the rope eight or ten turns.2. Twist the two ends of the seizing wire together approximately

at the centre position of the seizing. Alternate tightening andtwisting of the ends will draw the seizing up tight.

3. Cut the end of the twisted wires and knock down into a valleybetween strands.

The number of seizings required depends on the type anddiameter of the rope. The following minimum number of seizingsare recommended:-

Preformed or Postformed ordinary lay – 1 seizing.

Lang’s lay rope with wire rope core and rotation resistant ropes –2 seizings.

Seizing WireBoth soft annealed single wire and stranded seizing wires areused in the seizing of steel wire ropes. Suitable sizes are listedbelow:-

List of Seizings Recommended For Standard Ropes

Rope Diameter (mm) 7 wire seizing strand Single seizing wire

Up to 14 0.90

16 – 26 1.25

28 – 38 7/0.90 2.00

Over 38 7/1.25 2.75

Transport, Storage & Handling

TransportingRopes are supplied on reels or in coil form. When transporting,care must be taken not to damage rope by contact with othergoods. Reels and coils should be lifted rather than dropped, tippedor rolled, to avoid damage.

Ropes should be uncovered as soon as they are received andchecked for possible transit damage.

StorageRopes, whether on reel or in coils, should be stored on blocks offthe floor to prevent sweating and corrosion and under cover indry conditions free from possible attack by corrosive agents, suchas milldust, sulphur or acid fumes.

Long Seizing

Short Seizing

Seizing Mallet or Bat

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If ropes are to be stored for any length of time in warm or hotconditions likely to cause the lubricant to drain to the lower sideof the reel, the reels should be mounted on a horizontal shaft andturned over periodically to maintain uniform lubrication of therope. Additional lubrication may be necessary.

Removed ropes awaiting further use, should be thoroughlycleaned, inspected, lubricated and stored under the sameconditions as new ropes.

HandlingIncorrect handling of rope from reels and coils can result inspringing of wires and strands and kinking of the rope. This typeof damage can seldom be entirely corrected and can greatlyreduce the effective life of the rope.

The drawings show correct and incorrect methods of reeling arope from the transport reel onto a drum or another reel. Thetransport reel should be firmly mounted and braked to preventoverrunning and give tight rewinding. A suitable stand for the reelis also shown.

Methods of removing rope from reels & coilsTurntables, preferably mounted on the floor, may be used forunwinding ropes from reels stored on their sides. Care must betaken to brake such turntables, as over-running could cause therope to slacken, fall off and foul under the turntable.

If a coil is too large to be handled manually it should be mountedon a turntable or suspended by a spindle from a swivel cranehook.

When coiling ropes down by hand on the floor, an occasional coilwound “underhand” relieves torque and provides a more easilyhandled coil. Right Hand lay ropes should be coiled downclockwise, Left Hand lay ropes anti-clockwise.

InstallationRope Equipment CheckingImproved rope performance can be obtained by paying attentionto the following areas:

• Sheaves should be grooved to the nominal rope diameter plusan allowance of 7% to allow for rope manufacturing tolerancesand should be re-machined when worn to nominal diameterplus 3%. Sheaves must also be free from score marks, runfreely and be true.

• Guides and rollers must be free from undersized grooving andbroken flanges, and should run free and true.

• Drum grooves should be checked for size and riser plateschecked for effectiveness.

• Displaced or damaged cheek plates in rope blocks or safetyguards should be repaired.

• Grabbing clutches and brakes should be repaired and adjustedto obviate impact loads on the rope.

• End fittings, such as wedges, sockets and drums anchorages,should be inspected for excessive wear.

The fleet angle has an important bearing on the winding of a rope from sheave to drum, particularly at high operation speeds. If winding is to take place smoothly, the fleet angles on both sides of the drum will have to be kept within acceptable limits.

Excessive fleet angles can result in considerable abrasive damageto both sheave flanges and rope and considerably reduce the lifeof the rope and the equipment.

Fleet angles normally range to a maximum of 1.5˚ for plaindrums and to a maximum of 2.5˚ for grooved drums. Smallerangles are required for high speed haulage such as minewindings. Unless the head or guide sheave is centred with respectto the drum, there will be different values for the left and theright fleet angles.

Rope End PreparationNormally wire ropes are delivered with seized ends. As a rule, nofurther preparation is necessary, but in some cases where ropesmust be reeved through restricted openings, such as drumanchorages and blocks systems, the rope can be supplied withwelded tapered ends or with links welded on the ends. The latterenables the new rope to be installed by attaching it either to theold rope or a tow rope and drawing onto the equipment.

Tensioning RopeWire rope for multi-layer drums must be installed under tension.It is imperative that the bottom layer is tight with the exactnumber of turns on the drum.

Correct method Incorrect method

Correct methods of taking ropesfrom coils: Roll the coil along theground or use a turntable.

Incorrect method: Don’t pullthe rope from a stationary coil.

Correct methods of taking ropes from reels: When a largereel is used, it is recommended that a plank is used as a brakeagainst the reel flange or on the shaft or side plate.

WARNING• When releasing rope from coils or reels, care must be taken to

retard the violent release of the rope end which could causedamage, serious injury or death.

Left Fleet Angle

Right Fleet Angle

Sheave

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Wire Rope LifeThe main factors, which affect rope life are:

1. Basic design of equipment or installation:

Sheave size, drum design and drum diameter can directlyaffect wire rope life. For example, doubling the sheave sizecan produce up to four times the rope life. The minimumratios in the following table should be adhered to:-

Recommended Minimum Ratio of Drum &Sheave Diameter to Rope Diameter Rope Construction Ratio

6 x 7 43

6 x 19S (9/9.1) 32

6 x 21FW (10/5 + 5F/1) 30

6 x 19W (6 & 6/6/1) 30

6 x 25FW (12/6 + 6F/1) 23

6 x 36SW (14/7 & 7/7/1) 22

6 x 26WF (7 & 7/7/4/1) 22

6 x 24 (15/9/F) 22

6 x 29FW (14/7 + 7F/1) 22

6 x 41SW (16/8/8 & 8/8/1) 21

6 x 37 (18/12/6/1) 21

19 x 7 23

35 x 7 20

4 x 39 Mono Track 20

2. Operating Environment:Corrosion – when corrosive conditions exist, regular ropeinspection, particularly of the IWRC, is essential. The effects of corrosion can be partly offset by the use of galvanised wire rope. Temperature – excessively high operating temperatures canlead to deterioration of the wire rope core, and thereby causerope fatigue.

3. Rope Maintenance:End for ending and cropping – in certain applications, e.g.,drag ropes, it is possible to "end for end" the rope. This willgive longer rope life due to the wear points being re-located.If additional rope can be accommodated on the drum, thenprogressive cutting back (cropping) will bring "new" rope intothe system, and will re-locate wear points.Treatment of broken wires – broken wires affecting the lifeof adjacent wires should be removed.Discard practices - clear policies regarding discard shouldbe formulated. Rope Maintenance Schedules, based onexperience, should be drawn up to provide periodicinspections and removal cycles for each rope as well asinspections of individual components such as the sheaves.Regular maintenance ensures optimum rope life, minimisesdown time of plant and equipment and increases theefficiency of the operation.

Broken WiresGeneral purpose ropes, crane ropes and hoist ropes should bediscarded whenever any of the types of degradation exceed thelimits given in the Table below. However, the rope life may beended before these limits are reached.The table below allows for internal wire breaks and is valid for all constructions of rope. In 6-strand and in 8-strand ropes, wirebreaks occur principally at the external surface. This does notapply to wire ropes having a number of layers of strands(typically multistrand constructions), where the majority of wirebreaks occur internally and are therefore non-visible fractures.

Limit of Degradation for Discard of General Purpose Lifting Ropes, Crane Ropes & Hoist Ropes (see Notes 1 & 2)

Broken wires 6 x 19 (12/6/1) 5 106 x 19 S (9/9/1) 3 66 x 26 SW (10/5 and 5/5/1) 5 106 x 25 FW (12/6 and 6/1) 5 106 x 29 FW (14/7/7/1) 7 146 x 24 (15/9/F) 5 108 x 19 S (9/9/1) 5 108 x 25 FW (12/6 and 6/1) 6 136 x 36 SW (14/7 and 7/7/1) 7 146 x 37 (18/12/6/1) 10 196 x 41 SW (16/8 and 8/8/1) 9 1818 x 7 NR 1 234 x 7 NR 2 44 x 48 2 4

Wear All types Outer wires are worn more than one third of their diameter

Loss of area All types The loss of metallic area due to visible combined wire wear andbroken or cracked wires exceeds 10%

Corrosion All types Corrosion is marked by noticeable pitting or loosening of outer wires

NOTES:1. The number of wire breaks before discard in the above table is quite high, and if wire breaks are concentrated in one strand, lower levels for discard are appropriate. If more than

one third of the outer wires in a strand are broken over a length of six times the rope diameter, the rope shall be discarded.2. Where ropes are used for lifts, AS 1735.2 applies, which is less stringent than the above table. The mining industry frequently requires more stringent discard criteria.3. Rope of Lang’s lay construction other than rotation resistant ropes shall have no more than 50% of the above values.4. Number of broken wires alone is not the only factor in discarding a wire rope.

Type of degradation Construction (see Note 3)

Limit of degradation for discard (see Note 4)

Maximum allowable number ofbroken wires over a length of 6times the rope’s diameter

Maximum allowable number ofbroken wires over a length of 30times the rope’s diameter

For Casar and 4 x 39 Mono Track wire ropes refer to A. Noble & Son Ltd.

For Casar Ropes refer to A. Noble & Son Ltd.

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Care & MaintenanceBreaking inA wire rope may be looked upon as a machine composed of alarge number of moving parts. As such it should be broken in assoon as it is installed, by loading it very lightly for a few cyclesand then gradually stepping up the load, to enable both wires andstrands to ‘bed down’ into the working positions, with the loaddistributed as uniformly as possible.

With strand 6 and 8 stranded ropes, the torque can greatlydiminish after breaking in by releasing the connection andallowing the torque to run out. This procedure may have to berepeated until the constructional stretch has been worked out ofthe rope and it has become neutral.

The use of ‘spinners’ or swivels should be avoided wheneverpossible. All ropes should be reeled onto winch drums as tightlyand uniformly as possible during the initial installation.

InspectionWire rope is tough and durable, but nonetheless expendable and eventually reaches the end of its safe service life. Rope deterioration becomes noticeable through the presence ofbroken wires, surface wear, corrosion, wire or strand distortiondue to mechanical abuse, or drastic reduction in diameter andlengthening of the lay. Also deterioration can be detected by theuse of non-destructive testing techniques. Wire ropes shouldperiodically be inspected for signs of deterioration.

While Statutory Regulations govern the inspection and discardingof certain wire ropes, the same rules cannot be applied to allropes. The proper frequency and degree of inspection dependslargely on the possible risk to personnel and machinery in theevent of rope failure. The determination of the point at which arope should be discarded for reasons of safety requires judgmentand experience in rope inspection in addition to knowledge of theperformance of previous ropes used in the same application.

Where the Statutory Regulations are laid down for the inspectionand discarding of wire ropes and their attachments, wire ropeusers should become fully acquainted with the regulations andsee that they are carried out.

Sufficient records should be kept to provide a reliable history ofthe ropes under their control. Inspection of both operated anddiscarded ropes frequently indicates equipment faults that have a large bearing on the service life and safety of the rope. It istherefore essential to inspect the equipment on which the rope is used as well as the rope itself.

Non Destructive TestingThis method of inspection of wire ropes has become part of themining industries standard requirements for over 20 years. An electromagnetic instrument is used to non-destructivelyexamine the rope. It incorporates a sensor head that is able toinduce a magnetic field in a section of rope that is located withinthe instrument. Changes in the metallic field enable a chart to beproduced showing changes in metallic cross-sectional area andany wire breaks or other anomalies. Life of costly wire ropes maybe extended by this sophisticated method.

DeteriorationTypical examples of wire rope deterioration1. Mechanical damage due to

rope movement over sharpedges whilst under load

2. Localised wear due toabrasion on supportingstructure.

3. Narrow path of wire breakscaused by working in agrossly oversized groove orover small support rollers.

4. Severe wear in Lang’s Lay,caused by abrasion at cross-over points on multi-layercoiling application.

5. Corrosion of severe degreecaused by immersion of ropein water.

6. Typical wire fractures as a result of bend fatigue.

7. Wire fractures at the strand,or core interface, as distinctfrom ‘crown’ fractures causedby failure of core support.

8. Typical example of localisedwear and deformation createdat a previously kinked portionof rope.

9. Multi-strand rope ‘bird caged’due to torsional unbalance.Typical of build-up seen atanchorage end of multi-fallcrane application.

10. Protrusion of IWRC resultingfrom shock loading.

- METALLIC AREA LOSS CHART - % REDUCTION

- LOCAL FAULT CHART -

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GENERAL INFORMATION

Approximate Modulus of Elasticity for New Ropes6 x 7 FC 96 GPa (0.0098 x 106 kgs/mm2)

7 X 7 117 GPa (0.0119 x 106 kgs/mm2)

6 X 19 FC 89 GPa (0.0091 x 106 kgs/mm2)

6 X 19 IWRC 110 GPa (0.0112 x 106 kgs/mm2)

7 Wire Strand 145 GPa (0.0148 x 106 kgs/mm2)



6 x 36 IWRC 82 GPa (0.0084 x 106 kgs/mm2)

6 x 36 FC 82 GPa (0.0084 x 106 kgs/mm2)

6 x 12/12/ Δ FC 96 GPa (0.0098 x 106 kgs/mm2)

Locked Coil Winding Rope 125 GPa (0.0127 x 106 kgs/mm2)

Locked Coil Guide Rope 138 GPa (0.0141 x 106 kgs/mm2)

For used ropes 20% should be added to these figures.

Calculation of Cross Sectional Area of Wire RopeA = F x d2

A = Metallic area of rope with fibre core in mm2

F = Compactness factor

d = Nominal diameter of rope in millimetres

For 6 strand rope with IWRC add 15%, with strand core add 20%

For flattened strand rope with IWRC, add 10%

For 8 strand rope with IWRC, add 20%

Compactness Factor FRope Construction Factor F

6 x 7 0.38

6 x 19/6 x 21 0.395

6 x 25 Filler Wire/6 x 36 Group 0.405

7 Wire Galvanised Guy Strand 0.596

19 Wire Galvanised Guy Strand 0.580

Stretch in RopesWhen load is first applied to a new rope it stretches due to theindividual wires settling down. This is referred to as the Initial orManufacturing Stretch. Subsequently a gradual stretch takes placeduring the whole of the rope’s life; the amount depends on manyvariables such as length, type of construction, loading and themodulus of elasticity of the particular rope.

T = (2W + Lw) ( )L2a E

Where T = Stretch in metresW = Load in kgsL = Length in metresw = Weight of rope in kgs/ metrea = Cross sectional area of rope in millimetres2

E = Modulus of Elasticity, kgs/mm2

To forecast the amount of stretch accurately for a rope under a given set of conditions, calculations must be based on the resultof a load/extension test on a sample from the particular rope.However, if the results of such a test are not available, an indication of the increase in length can be obtained from the formula.

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GENERAL INFORMATION

Nominal Rope Diameter Tolerance as percentage of nominal diameter

d Ropes with strands that are exclusively of Ropes with strands that incorporatemm wire or incorporate solid polymer centres fibre centres*

2 ≤ d < 4 +8 -0 -

4 ≤ d < 6 +7 -0 +9 -0

6 ≤ d < 8 +6 -0 +8 -0

≥8 +5 -0 +7 -0

* For example 6 x 24FC

Tolerances on rope diameter

Nominal Rope Diameter Tolerance as percentage of nominal diameter

d Ropes with strands that are exclusively of Ropes with strands that incorporatemm wire or incorporate solid polymer centres fibre centres*

2 ≤ d < 4 7 -

4 ≤ d < 6 6 8

6 ≤ d < 8 5 7

≥8 4 6

* For example 6 x 24FC

Permissible differences between any two diameter measurements

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BREAKING FORCE TABLES

The following tables show rope mass in "kg per 100 metres" andbreaking force in "kilonewtons" for the various rope groups.

It will be noted that the value varies from group to group sincethe various constructions contain different steel areas and variablelosses are incurred as the result of the stranding of the wires.

Wire quality has been nominated in 1570, 1770 and 1960 gradefor the majority of wire ropes, the value 1570, 1770 etc.corresponds to the minimum tensile strength of the wireexpressed in megapascals. Marine and General Purposegalvanised ropes have been nominated in 1570 grade and areconfined to certain rope constructions. Other 6 strandconstructions in galvanised rope should be ordered in 1770 grade.

The breaking forces of rope of tensile grades other than 1770 canbe calculated by multiplying the value of 1770 grade by the ratioof the grade number. The grade of 2070 is the preferred hightensile grade for 6 strand ropes but 1960 is preferred for 19x7,35x7 and most Casar ropes.

All ropes are in millimeter diameter. Only preferred sizes havebeen included in the tables. Non preferred sizes should be thesubject of special inquiry. Special non preferred sizes to suitexisting deep mining and large excavator equipment are availablealthough new equipment should use only preferred diameters.

The breaking force unit is the kilonewton, this being the forcewhich, applied to a mass of one kilogram, produces anacceleration of one metre per second. The minimum ropebreaking force required will depend on the factor of safetycovered by the application and in the case of a single supportingrope where the rope mass is ignored will be equal to thegravitational force multiplied by the factor of safety. Minimumrope breaking force (kN) = Mass (tonnes) per rope part x factorof safety required x 9.81.To calculate approximate mass equivalent, at sea level, divide kilonewtons by 9.81Example: 12mm 6 x 7 Fibre Core G1570 grade

= 75 kN = = 7.65 tonnes

For most practical purposes, divide by 10 in lieu of 9.81

759.81

TYPICAL ROPE RECOMENDATIONS

Applications Size Range Rope Recommendations Lay Preformed Core Factors of SafetyDia. (mm)

LOGGING Log Winch 13 - 28 19S RHOL IWRC Logging Skylines………......……..3.532 - 36 25FW RHOL IWRC

Log Skidder 13 - 28 19S, 25FW RHOL IWRCYard Rope 16 - 20 25FW, 29FW RHOL FC

PILING Pile Driving Hammer 16 - 32 36 RHOL IWRCDrop Hammer 16 - 32 25FW, 36SW, 4x39 RHOL FCPile Handling 13 - 24 25FW RHOL IWRC, FC

SLINGS Slings - Standard 9 - 32 24, 36SW RHOL FC, IWRC AS 1666 - 1995………….......……5.0Slings - High Tensile 9 - 28 25FW, 36SW RHOL IWRC

32 - 104 36SW, 41SW RHOL IWRC

CRANES Tower - Hoist 20 - 42 Eurolift, 35x7, Powerlift, Starlift RHOL or RHLL For safety factors on cranesrefer to AS 1418.1:2002

Tower - Luffing 20 - 42 4x39, Stratoplast, Turboplast RHLLTrolley Line 13 - 24 25FW, 36SW RHOL IWRCOverhead 6 - 10 19x7, Starlift

1 - 3 Falls 12 - 18 35x7, Eurolift, 4x39 RHOLOverhead Stratoplast, Turboplast RHOL or RHLL IWRC 4 Falls or more 25FW, 36SW, Betalift, Alphalift RHOL or RHLL IWRC

Mobile - Hoist 11 - 20 Eurolift, Starlift, 19x7, 35x7,4x39 RHOL or RHLL22 - 32 Eurolift, Starlift, 19x7, 35x7,4x39 RHOL or RHLL

Mobile - Luffing 13 - 26 25W, Stratoplast, Turboplast RHLL IWRC

GRABS Grab - Holding 18 - 28 25FW, 36SW, 4x39 RHOL or RHLL IWRC, FC ……………………………...............….5.0Closing 18 - 29 Stratoplast, Turboplast LHOL or LHLL

WATER DRILLING 14 - 18 24, 4x39 LHOL, RHOL FC

DRILLING Diamond 12 - 16 19x7, 4x39 RHOL FC16 - 20 35x7, 4x39 RHOL* FC

SHIPPING Mooring 16 - 26 24, 36SW RHOL FC26 - 40 36SW, 41SW RHOL FC

Towing 32 - 56 36SW, 41SW RHOL FC, IWRCLoading Gear - Lashing 12 - 32 24 RHOL FCRigging 10 - 32 7x7, 7x19 RHOL IWRC

SLIPWAY 16 - 32 24, 36SW RHOL FC32 - 56 36SW, 41SW RHOL FC, IWRC

WINCHES Trailer - Boat 5 - 8 19, 7x19 RHOL IWRC, FCGeneral Purpose 8 - 28 19S, 25FW, 36SW RHOL IWRC

32 - 64 25FW, 36SW, 41SW RHOL IWRC

Note: 6 Strand ropes except where otherwise stated.

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GENERAL PURPOSE WIRE ROPES

Galvanised Wire Ropes for Marine and GeneralPurposes Round Strand 6 x 7

Nominal Approximate Minimum BreakingDiameter Mass Force Grade 1570

Fibre Core Wire Rope Core Fibre Core Wire Rope CoreFC IWRC FC IWRC

mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN

2 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.3

3 3.1 3.5 4.7 5.1

4 5.5 6.1 8.4 9.0

5 8.6 9.6 13.1 14.1

6 12.4 13.8 18.8 20.3

7 16.9 18.8 19.3 27.6

8 22.1 24.6 33.4 36.1

9 27.6 31.1 42.2 45.7

10 34.5 38.4 52.2 56.3

11 41.7 46.5 63.1 68.2

12 49.7 55.3 75 81.2

13 58.3 64.9 88.1 94.9

14 67.6 75.3 102 111

16 88.3 96.3 133 145

18 112 124 169 183

20 138 154 208 225

22 167 186 252 273

24 199 221 300 324

26 233 260 353 381

28 270 301 409 442

32 353 393 534 577

Nominal Approximate Minimum BreakingDiameter Mass Force Grade 1570

Fibre Core Wire Rope Core Fibre Core Wire Rope CoreFC IWRC FC IWRC

mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN

3.5 4.2 4.6 5.8 6.4

4 5.5 6.1 7.7 8.5

5 8.6 9.5 12 13.2

6 12.4 13.7 17.6 19.3

7 16.9 18.7 23.4 25.8

8 22.1 24.4 30.9 33.3

9 28 30.8 39.1 42.2

10 34.6 38.1 48.2 52.1

11 41.9 46.1 58.4 63.1

12 49.8 54.8 69.5 75

13 58.5 64.3 81.5 88.1

14 67.8 74.6 94.6 102

16 88.6 97.4 124 133

18 112 123 156 169

20 138 152 193 208

22 167 184 234 252

24 199 219 278 300

Galvanised Wire Ropes for Marine and GeneralPurposes Round Strand 6 x 19

Galvanised Wire Ropes for Marine and GeneralPurposes Round Strand 6 x 24 Fibre Core

Nominal Diameter Approximate Minimum Breaking ForceMass Grade 1570

mm kg/100m kN

8 20.1 28.7

9 25.4 36.4

10 31.4 44.9

11 38.0 54.3

12 45.2 64.0

13 53.1 75.9

14 61.5 88.0

16 80.4 115

18 102 145

20 126 180

22 152 217

24 181 259

26 212 304

28 246 352

32 322 460

7 x 7 (6/1) 6 x 19(12/6/1)

6 x 19S(9/9/1)

6 x 19W(6 & 6/6/1)

6 x 7 (6/1)

6 x 24 (15/9/F)

Nominal Approximate Minimum BreakingDiameter Construction Mass Force Grade 2070

Wire Rope Core Wire Rope CoreIWRC IWRC

mm kg/100m kN

4 7 x 19 6.1 11.9

5 7 x 19 9.5 18.7

6 7 x 19 13.7 27.3

6.3 7 x 19 15.1 33.4

8 6 x (9/9/1) S 24.4 47

10 7 x 19 38.1 68.6

11 6 x 25FW 50.6 89.4

16 6 x 25FW 107 188

7 x 19 WSC 6 x 25 FW(12/6 & 6 F/1)

6 x 19 S(9/9/1)

Galvanised Wire Ropes (Higher Tensiles)

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Wire Rope & Strand

GENERAL PURPOSE WIRE ROPES

Nominal Approximate Minimum Breaking ForceDiameter Mass Grade 1770 Grade 2070

Polypropylene Wire Strand Polypropylene Wire Strand Polypropylene Wire StrandCore Core Core Core Core Core

mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN kN kN

3.35 4.4 8.5

5 8.6 9.6 16.1 17.1 18.8

6 12.4 13.8 21.2 22.9 24.6 27.1

7 16.9 18.8 21.8 31.1 37.1

8 22.1 24.6 37.6 40.7 47.4

9 27.6 31.1 47.6 51.5 60.2

10 34.5 38.4 58.8 63.5 74.1

6 x 7 (6/1) FC 7 x 7 WSC

Nominal Approximate Mass Minimum Breaking ForceDiameter IWRC

6 x 19 to 6 x 25 6 x 26 to 6 x 49 Grade 1770 Grade 1960IWRC IWRC

mm kg/100m kg/100m kN kN8 25.6 26.2 40.3 44.79 32.4 33.1 51 56.5

10 40.4 40.9 63 69.811 48.4 49.5 76.2 84.412 57.6 58.9 90.7 10013 67.6 69.1 106 11814 78.4 80.2 124 13716 102 105 161 17918 130 133 204 22620 160 164 252 27922 194 198 305 33824 230 236 363 40226 270 276 426 47228 314 321 494 54732 410 419 645 71536 518 530 817 90440 640 654 1010 112044 774 792 1220 135048 922 942 1450 161052 1080 1110 1700 189056 2250 1280 1980 219058 1390 2200 244060 1440 1470 2270 251064 1730 269170 2080 309075 2360 3622

6 x 19 S(9/9/1)8 - 44mm

6 x 21 FW(10/5 + 5 F/1)

8 - 60mm

6 x 25 FW(12/6 & 6 F/1)

8 - 60mm

6 x 26 WF(7 & 7/7/4/1)

9 - 16mm

6 x 29 FW(14/7 + 7 F/1)

10 - 44mm

6 x 36 SW(14/7 & 7/7/1)

9 - 60mm

6 x 41 SW(16/8 & 8/8/1)

22 - 52mm

6 x 49 SFW(16/16/8 + 8 F/1)

52 - 60mm

Travelling Irrigator Galvanised Wire Ropes

General Purpose Wire Ropes

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Wire Rope & Strand

Rotation Resistant 19 x 7 L

ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES19 x 7 Construction Wire Ropes are notrecommended in diameters above 18mm. 35 x 7 ropes should be used above 12mm diameter.

Rotation Resistant 35 x 7 L “Compacted”

Nominal Approximate MinimumDiameter Mass Breaking Force

Grade 1960

mm kg/100m kN

6 15 25.98 26.9 47.19 34.1 59.6

10 42.1 73.512 60.8 105.913 70 119.614 81.9 143.816 107 188.518 137 238.6

Nominal Approximate Minimum MinimumDiameter Mass Breaking Force Breaking Force

Grade 1960 Grade 2160

mm kg/100m kN kN

13 87 157 -14 100 182.3 -16 132 237 25118 167 301 30819 184 335.8 34420 206 373 38222 247 450 46624 294 535 55526 343 627 66028 398 694 75830 463 797 -32 527 908 98034 594 1020 -36 666 1147 1232

Rotation Resistant 35 x 7 L

Nominal Approximate Minimum MinimumDiameter Mass Breaking Force Breaking Force

Grade 1960 Grade 2160

mm kg/100m kN kN

14 87 160.1 16516 113 202.5 21718 143 263.1 27119 160 298.9 30820 175 319.2 33622 211 387.9 41324 251 457.7 49326 301 545.7 57628 339 617.8 64630 392 724.2 -32 441 811.2 82934 501 918.7 -36 563 1029.7 1060

L = Langs Lay.

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Wire Rope & Strand

ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES

Nominal Minimum Breaking ForceDiameter Approximate Mass

H Grade SH Grademm kg/100m kN kN10 41 63.9 69.2

11.2 51 80.3 8712 59 89 96.5

12.5 63 100 108.914 80 125.7 136.316 104 163.8 177.518 134 208.7 225.619 149 231.4 251.120 163 256 277.5

22.4 205 321.7 348.124 235 356 385.425 255 399.1 432.526 276 431.5 466.828 325 502.1 543.330 373 575.7 623.7

31.5 411 634.5 687.532 424 655.1 709

33.5 465 717.8 777.735.5 522 806.1 872.837.5 582 899.3 973.840 663 1000.3 1078.7

42.5 748 1127.8 1225.845 838 1255.3 1372.9

Rotation Resistant 4 x 39 (SES) Mono TrackIt is well known that wire ropes tend to spin or rotate under load.This can cause damage to the wire rope or load, work delays and

4 x 39 (SES)

a hazardous environment. To overcome this problem a 4-strandrope with a unique construction has been designed.These rotation resistant wire ropes are commonly used in theconstruction industry to minimise rotation in single and multi-parthoisting systems.

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OLIVEIRA ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES

Wire Rope

& Strand

NR Maxipact

Minimum Breaking ForceNominal Metallic Approximate

Grade 1960 Grade 2160Diameter Area Mass

mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN13 94 81 156 16414 109 94 182 19115 124 107 207 21716 143 124 239 25017 160 139 267 28018 178 154 297 31119 198 171 330 347

34 x 7 20 220 190 367 38521 247 214 412 43222 267 231 446 46723 295 255 492 51624 320 277 534 56025 353 306 581 61726 379 327 632 66327 407 352 679 71228 436 377 728 76330 507 438 846 88732 575 497 959 100634 647 559 1079 1132

37 x 7 36 732 633 1221 128138 811 701 1352 141840 896 775 1495 156842 997 862 1664 1745

• Non rotating construction with fullycompacted strands.

• Available in Lang's Lay only• Can be used with a swivel• Can be used with a single fall• Also available with a Plastic

Protected Impregnated core (PPI)Full size range available from 13mm to 52mm

NR Maxipact (34 x 7)

NR Maxipactwith optional PPI (34 x 7)

NR Maxilift



mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN13 90.9 79 152 15914 105.5 91 176 18715 122.3 106 204 21416 138.8 120 232 243

27 x 7 17 155.5 134 260 27218 175.0 152 292 30619 193.9 168 324 34020 215.7 186 360 37821 241.7 209 403 42322 266.5 231 445 -23 290.4 252 485 -24 315.9 274 527 -25 344.6 298 575 -26 369.9 320 617 -27 395.5 344 660 -28 437.1 379 729 -

31 x 7 28.6 451.8 392 754 -30 496.0 430 828 -32 560.5 484 935 -34 628.0 545 1048 -36 717.2 622 1197 -38 797.3 693 1330 -40 873.6 758 1457 -42 981.7 853 1638 -

• Non rotating construction with fullycompacted strands.

• Available in Lang's Lay only• Can be used with a swivel• Can be used with a single fall• Also available with a Plastic

Protected Impregnated core (PPI)

NR Maxiliftwith optional PPI (27 x 7)

NR Maxilift (27 x 7)

Full size range available from 10mm to 42mm


Wire Rope & Strand

OLIVEIRA ROTATION RESISTANT WIRE ROPES

LT 24 K (24 x 7)

Minimum Nominal Metallic Approximate Breaking ForceDiameter Area Mass Grade 1960

mm mm2 kg/100m kN7.2 26 23 43.78 33 29 55.19 41 37 69.6

10 53 46 88.211 65 57 10812 77 68 12813 89 78 149

24 x 7 14 104 91 17315 119 104 19816 137 121 23018 177 155 29519 194 170 32420 212 186 35422 259 227 43224 311 274 519

• Rotation Resistant (Low Torque) construction with fully compactedstrands

• Available in Lang's Lay only• Can be used with a swivel with a

minimum of 2 falls• Cannot be used with a single fall• Also available with a Plastic


LT 24 K (24 x 7)

LT 24 K (24 x 7)with optional PPI

LT 24 K (24 x 17)


mm mm2 kg/100m kN16 138 121 22918 174 154 29019 194 172 32420 215 191 35922 259 230 43324 315 279 526

24 x 17 25.4 345 306 57526 366 324 61028 423 375 70630 484 427 80832 561 496 93734 628 554 104736 699 617 116538 776 685 1295

• Rotation Resistant (Low Torque) construction with fully compactedstrands


minimum of 2 falls• Cannot be used with a single fall• Also available with a Plastic


LT 24 K (24 x 17)

LT 24 K (24 x 17)with optional PPI

41

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OLIVEIRA WIRE ROPES

42

Wire Rope & Strand

HD 8 K



mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN8 33 29 - 58.0

8 x 12 9 42 36 - 73.610 53 45 - 92.411 64 55 - 11212 75 65 125 13113 90 77 150 157

8 x 17 14 103 89 172 18015 120 103 200 21016 134 116 224 23418 172 149 287 30019 191 165 318 334

8 x 2620 214 185 358 37522 257 223 430 45124 308 266 513 53826 359 310 600 62928 415 358 692 72530 479 416 800 85932 549 475 916 96134 620 538 1035 1086

8 x 31 36 689 595 1149 120538 771 666 1286 134940 852 736 1421 148042 938 812 1564 164044 1031 892 1721 -46 1133 980 1891 -48 1222 1057 2040 -50 1327 1151 2214 -

8 x 36 52 1440 1253 2404 -54 1565 1351 2611 -56 1667 1442 2781 -58 1794 1552 2993 -60 1920 1661 3203 -

• For when rotation resistant ropesare not required

• Sizes 8mm to 11 mm are an 8 x 12 construction withcompacted outer strands

• Sizes 12mm and above are withfully compacted strands

• Available in Regular or Lang's Lay• Cannot be used with a swivel• Cannot be used with a single fall• Also available with a Plastic


HD 8 K (8 x 17)

HD 8 K (8 x 17)with optional PPI

Towerlift


mm mm2 kg/100m kN13 84.7 73 14114 100.3 87 16815 115.6 100 19316 129.7 112 217

27 x 7 17 147.6 128 24618 162.4 141 27119 180.5 156 30120 200.0 174 33421 224.8 195 37522 245.8 213 41023 271.0 235 45224 295.8 256 49425 320.3 277 53526 343.9 297 574

31 x 7 27 377.8 327 63128 403.5 349 67430 463.3 401 77332 522.4 452 87234 594.0 515 99136 666.1 577 111138 738.4 640 1232

• Non Rotating construction withcompacted outer strands.


minimum of 2 falls• Can be used with a single fall

Full size range available from 8mm to 38mm

Towerlift (27 x 7)

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Wire Rope & Strand

CASAR SPECIAL WIRE ROPES

Hoist rope for tower cranes, mobile cranes, electrical hoists and other applications where rotation resistant ropes are required.

Nominal Metallic Approximate Minimum Breaking Force

Diameter Area Mass Grade 1770 Grade 1960 Grade 2160

mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN kN16 145.6 126.7 209.4 230.6 249.117 163.3 142.1 235.9 257.9 280.618 183.7 159.8 266.9 293.9 317.519 204.0 177.5 297.1 329.0 352.820 227.5 197.9 329.3 362.2 391.721 249.0 216.6 362.3 396.1 430.922 273.9 238.3 398.5 441.4 472.023 299.6 260.6 431.5 471.8 513.224 326.8 284.3 474.3 524.3 564.125 348.8 303.5 512.8 567.9 609.426 377.9 328.8 555.0 614.9 657.427 410.5 357.1 598.3 654.2 711.728 442.5 385.0 643.7 712.9 765.629 473.4 411.8 690.2 754.6 821.030 505.4 439.7 738.1 817.4 877.932 579.4 504.0 843.4 930.0 1002.834 652.0 567.3 950.8 1045.0 1130.936 735.6 640.0 1070.0 1185.0 1262.338 815.3 709.3 1191.0 1319.0 1412.240 909.9 791.6 1360.0 1462.0 1560.442 1000.8 870.7 1455.0 1611.2 1667.4

Hoist rope for mobile cranes, electrical hoists and other applications where rotation resistant ropes are required. Especially suitable for multiple layer spooling.

• Is a rotation resistant, flexiblehoist rope with a compacted steelcore.

• Is fully lubricated.

• Has best-in-class breaking loads.

• Has a core of unique design andvery high density, providingexcellent resistance to externalwear and crushing on drums.

• Langs Lay only.

• Is a rotation resistant, flexiblehoist rope made out of compactedouter strands and a compactedsteel core.


• Has an extremely high breakingload and a very good resistanceagainst drum crushing.

• Has a core of special designavoiding crossovers between thestrands of the core which reducesthe danger of internal ropedestruction.

• Regular Lay or Langs Lay.

Other diameters are available on request

Nominal Metallic Approximate MinimumDiameter Area Mass Breaking Force

mm mm2 kg/100m kN16 149.1 126 27219 210.2 182 38222 281.7 246 509

25.4 370.4 326 67526 393.5 342 70528 456.3 394 81530 523.9 458 93432 596.0 521 1060

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Hoist rope for electrical hoists and lifting devices with multiple part reeving, twin hoistsystems with left and right hand ropes, where rotation resistant ropes are not required.

Nominal Metallic Approximate Minimum Breaking ForceDiameter Area Mass Grade 1770 Grade 1960 Grade 2160

mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN kN4 8.0 6.8 11.7 13.0 14.3

4.5 10.0 8.6 15.1 16.7 18.45 12.3 10.6 19.0 21.1 23.2

5.5 14.8 12.8 23.6 26.1 28.86 18.2 15.7 28.5 31.5 34.7

6.5 22.4 19.2 34.2 37.9 41.87 24.9 21.4 38.5 42.6 47.0

7.5 28.5 24.5 44.8 49.6 54.68 33.0 28.4 49.6 55.0 60.6

8.5 37.1 31.9 53.0 58.7 64.69 41.4 35.6 65.0 72.0 79.3

10 50.2 43.2 75.8 84.0 92.511 60.7 52.2 92.9 102.9 113.312 72.3 62.2 111.3 123.2 135.813 84.8 72.9 129.4 143.3 157.914 98.4 84.6 150.3 166.4 183.415 112.9 97.1 175.7 194.6 214.516 128.5 110.5 196.1 217.1 239.3


• Is an 8 strand rope in parallel layconstruction made out ofconventional strands.


• Is very flexible.

• Has a high breaking load.

• Alphalift should NOT be used witha swivel.

• Regular Lay only.

Hoist rope for electrical hoists and lifting devices with multiple part reeving and twin hoistsystems with left and right hand ropes, where rotation resistant ropes are not required.


mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN kN8 36.9 31.4 56.1 62.1 68.49 47.3 40.2 71.8 79.5 87.6

10 57.3 48.7 87.9 97.3 107.211 68.6 58.3 106.9 118.4 130.512 83.7 71.2 126.5 140.1 154.413 97.4 82.8 148.7 164.6 181.414 113.2 96.2 172.3 190.8 210.315 130.0 110.5 197.9 219.1 241.516 147.7 125.6 226.3 250.6 276.217 167.7 142.5 253.4 280.5 309.218 187.3 159.2 286.4 317.1 349.519 206.9 175.8 318.5 352.7 388.620 233.8 198.7 351.6 389.4 429.121 254.3 216.2 390.1 432.0 476.122 275.9 234.5 426.3 472.0 520.223 302.9 257.5 465.2 515.2 567.724 333.5 283.5 507.3 561.8 619.125 362.3 307.9 549.1 608.0 670.1

• Is a 10 strand rope in parallel layconstruction made out ofcompacted strands.



• Has an extremely high breakingload.

• Betalift should NOT be used witha swivel.

• Betalift is NOT suitable for use onoverhead travelling cranes.

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Wire Rope & Strand



Pendant rope for tower cranes, mobile cranes, grabs, suspended structures etc, whenhigh breaking load is required.


mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN kN16 147.2 123.7 218.4 241.9 266.517 166.1 139.6 248.1 274.8 302.818 185.3 155.7 278.5 308.4 339.819 207.5 174.3 307.3 340.3 375.020 229.6 192.9 342.3 379.0 417.721 251.1 211.0 375.0 415.2 457.622 278.4 233.9 414.4 458.9 505.723 304.2 255.5 453.0 501.7 552.824 330.5 277.6 490.2 542.8 598.225 357.3 300.1 532.7 589.9 650.126 391.6 328.9 574.4 636.0 700.927 424.1 356.2 624.8 691.8 762.428 452.1 379.8 670.4 742.4 818.129 486.5 408.6 721.5 799.0 880.530 519.5 436.4 772.4 855.3 942.631 560.0 470.4 822.9 911.3 1004.332 593.4 498.4 874.4 968.2 1067.033 634.1 532.6 930.3 1030.2 1135.334 666.8 560.1 988.9 1095.0 1206.836 747.4 627.8 1101.7 1220.0 1344.538 836.5 702.7 1230.3 1362.4 1501.4

• Is an 8 strand rope in parallel layconstruction made out of compactedstrands.



• Has an extremely high breaking load.

• Turbolift should NOT be used with aswivel.


Boom hoist rope for mobile cranes and grabs, hoist rope for container cranes, floating cranes etc. In multiple part reeving for smaller lifting height.



mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN10 53.0 46.1 88.7 114.511 63.8 55.5 107.5 137.812 75.7 65.8 127.4 163.513 89.5 77.8 151.3 193.314 103.1 89.7 174.8 222.715 119.0 103.5 202.7 257.016 135.5 117.9 229.4 292.718 168.9 146.9 288.2 364.819 189.0 164.4 323.5 408.220 210.7 183.3 355.5 455.122 251.9 219.1 433.7 544.124 299.5 260.6 514.3 646.926 352.4 306.6 607.8 761.228 405.2 352.5 697.3 875.232 533.7 464.3 911.0 1152.836 670.5 583.4 1129.2 1448.338 753.1 655.2 1262.6 1626.740 837.9 729.0 1395.5 1809.942 914.7 795.8 1543.8 1975.844 1010.7 879.3 1687.4 2183.148 1201.1 1044.9 2018.0 2594.4

• Is an 8 strand rope made out ofcompacted outer strands.


• Has a plastic layer between thesteel core and the outer strandsgiving the rope a high structuralstability. The plastic layer alsoassists in avoiding internal ropedestruction and protecting thecore against corrosiveenvironments.

• Has a very high breaking loadand good resistance against drumcrushing.

• Turboplast should NOT be usedwith a swivel.


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mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN8 30.6 27.3 47.2 52.39 38.8 34.5 60.0 66.4

10 48.8 43.4 74.0 82.011 59.6 53.0 88.5 98.012 68.3 60.8 106.6 118.013 81.7 72.7 125.5 138.914 95.1 84.6 144.6 160.116 125.4 111.6 189.0 209.318 157.7 140.4 239.8 265.519 178.6 159.0 264.5 292.920 198.2 176.4 295.3 327.022 245.4 218.4 356.2 394.524 280.0 249.2 423.4 468.926 326.8 290.8 504.7 558.828 375.2 333.9 576.2 638.030 435.8 387.9 666.3 737.832 495.4 440.9 756.7 837.934 556.8 495.6 853.7 945.336 626.5 557.6 952.4 1054.738 705.1 627.5 1071.1 1186.040 770.1 685.3 1181.1 1307.942 859.3 764.8 1308.5 1448.944 942.5 838.8 1430.1 1583.7

Hoist rope for container cranes, floating cranes, harbour cranes, portal cranes etc. In multiple reeving for smaller lifting heights. Holding rope and closing rope for grabs.


• Is an 8 strand rope made out ofconventional strands.



• Stratoplast should NOT be usedwith a swivel.



Hoist rope for electrical hoists and lifting devices with multiple part reeving, where arotation resistant rope is not needed due to great lifting heights, low number of falls ornon guided loads. High breaking load.


mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN kN6 19.0 16.1 29.5 32.7 35.27 26.3 22.4 41.0 45.4 48.98 34.8 29.6 54.2 60.0 64.69 44.1 37.4 68.6 76.0 81.8

10 54.2 46.1 84.5 93.5 100.711 65.7 55.9 102.4 113.4 122.112 79.6 67.6 123.9 137.2 147.813 92.6 78.7 144.2 159.7 172.014 107.1 91.1 166.9 184.8 199.015 123.1 104.6 191.7 212.3 228.616 139.4 118.5 217.1 240.4 258.917 158.5 134.7 246.8 273.3 294.418 176.4 150.0 274.8 304.3 327.719 198.3 168.6 308.9 342.0 368.420 220.1 187.1 342.9 379.7 408.921 240.4 204.3 374.5 414.7 446.622 264.8 225.1 412.5 456.8 491.923 299.8 254.8 467.0 517.1 556.924 325.7 276.9 507.3 561.8 605.025 353.1 300.1 550.0 609.0 655.926 383.9 326.3 598.0 662.2 713.1

• Is an 8 strand rope in parallel layconstruction made out of compactedouter strands.


• Has a plastic layer between the steelcore and the outer strands.

• Has a very high breaking load.

• Paraplast should NOT be used with aswivel.


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Wire Rope & Strand


Boom hoist rope for mobile cranes and grabs, hoist rope for container cranes, floating cranes, portal cranes etc. In multiple part reeving for smaller lifting heights.


mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN kN16 137.0 117.8 205.7 226.5 248.117 156.6 134.7 236.2 260.0 284.818 176.0 151.4 266.0 292.8 320.819 194.0 166.8 291.0 320.4 351.020 215.4 185.3 326.5 359.4 393.821 237.7 204.4 360.4 396.8 434.722 260.0 223.6 392.6 432.2 473.523 286.4 246.3 429.7 473.0 518.224 312.2 268.5 470.0 517.4 566.925 336.5 289.4 516.0 585.0 613.426 363.7 312.8 549.5 604.9 662.727 390.7 336.0 587.6 646.8 708.628 420.3 361.4 654.0 720.0 822.029 445.8 383.4 670.2 737.8 808.330 480.5 413.2 723.8 796.8 872.931 509.3 438.0 769.1 846.7 927.532 560.3 481.8 841.0 925.9 1014.333 585.1 503.2 879.7 968.4 1060.934 630.2 542.0 950.2 1046.0 1145.936 704.1 605.5 1065.1 1172.5 1284.538 774.3 665.9 1165.1 1282.5 1405.040 861.9 741.2 1298.3 1429.3 1565.842 949.8 816.8 1436.7 1581.5 1732.644 1038.3 892.9 1567.8 1725.8 1890.7

• Is a 10 strand rope made out ofcompacted outer strands.



• Has a very high breaking loadand good resistance against drumcrushing.

• Superplast 8 should NOT be usedwith a swivel.





mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN

12 81.8 72.0 118.2 130.813 97.2 85.6 139.0 152.714 111.7 98.3 161.7 179.115 127.6 112.3 184.5 204.016 147.0 129.4 209.4 230.618 186.7 164.3 266.9 293.919 207.2 182.4 297.1 329.020 227.7 200.4 329.3 362.222 276.2 243.0 398.5 441.424 326.3 287.2 474.3 524.325 358.3 315.3 512.8 567.926 389.2 342.5 555.0 614.928 446.6 393.0 643.7 712.930 514.4 452.7 738.1 817.432 584.9 514.7 843.4 930.034 656.9 578.1 950.8 1045.036 738.6 650.0 1070.0 1185.038 826.4 727.3 1191.0 1319.040 926.6 815.4 1360.0 1462.042 1013.4 891.8 1455.0 1611.2

Hoist rope for deck cranes, offshore cranes and other applications in the marineenvironment, where rotation resistant ropes are required.

• Is a rotation resistant hoist ropemade out of compacted strands.



• Has a high breaking load andgood resistance against drumcrushing.


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Caculating the MBL in kN for a given rope diameter and a given tensile strengthMBL 1770 [kN] = 1.77 • FF • SF • II • (d[mm])2 / 4 or MBL 1770 [kN] = BLF 1770 • (d[mm])2

MBL 1960 [kN] = 1.96 • FF • SF • II • (d[mm])2 / 4 or MBL 1960 [kN] = BLF 1960 • (d[mm])2

Caculating a minimum rope diameter in mm for a given MBL and a given tensile strengthdmin 1770 [mm] = 4 • MBL 1770 [kN] / (FF • SF • II • 1.77) or

dmin 1770 [mm] = MBL 1770 [kN] / BLF 1770

dmin 1960 [mm] = 4 • MBL 1960 [kN] / (FF • SF • II • 1.96) or

dmin 1960 [mm] = MBL 1960 [kN] / BLF 1960

Caculating the outer wire diameter of the rope for a given rope diameter= DF • d

Caculating the rope mass for a given rope diameterRope mass [kg/m] = MF • d2

48

Wire Rope & Strand

CASAR SPECIAL MINING WIRE ROPES

Hoisting ropes in underground mining operations play avital role in the production cycle, not only to hoistminerals but also to transport men and materials safelyand efficiently. Winding ropes are therefore clearlysafety critical throughout their operating life.

Casar specialises in this technology and is a worldleader in the manufacture of sophisticated wire ropeproducts for a broad range of lifting applications. InAustralia Casar has established a strong position in themining industry.

Quality and high tech designEvery effort is made to maintain and improve thequality of Casar wire rope products for the miningindustry. Careful attention to quality and engineeringdesign details ensures that a Casar rope will routinelyoutperform conventional six strand and rotationresistant ropes. Special features of Casar mining ropesinclude galvanising, compacted strands and a plasticlayer between steel core and the outer strands. Theinternal plastic layer stabilises the construction andexperience has shown that Casar winding ropes are lessprone to torsional distortions like waviness and slackouter strands.

Reliability and value for moneyCasar Special Mining Ropes offer benefits such asincreased reliability of the hoisting system and reduceddowntime due to less servicing and fewer rope changes.The higher breaking strengths of Casar Special MiningRopes allow for an increase of payload for the same

diameter. The increased capacity of the shaft will lead toincreased profitability of the mine.

How to select the most suitable designThis catalogue sets out a range of different minehoisting applications that Casar ropes can be used forand identifies which rope construction should be used inparticular circumstances.

In order to assist you in rope selection, tables thatfollow give factors that can be used to calculate forexample the rope minimum breaking loads (MBL) andmasses for a given rope diameter. This allows forautomated rope diameter selection given basic windingsystem parameters. The detailed specifications ofvarious Casar mining ropes are given in 1mm diameterincrements, but with rope factors it is also possible tocalculate the rope specifications for intermediatediameters, e.g. 42.5mm or 53.5mm, which Casar canmanufacture on request.

Tailor made rope constructionWithin a particular rope construction family Casar areable to deliver a wide range of fill factors and strengthto mass ratios. An example of this is the comparisonbetween Starplast M (with no compacted strands) andStarplast VM (with fully compacted strands). By varyingthe degree of strand compaction, Casar canmanufacture ropes with every metallic cross sectionalarea, any breaking strength or any specific weightbetween the figures of Starplast M and Starplast VM.We are therefore able to adapt the rope specifications tothe exact requirements of your shaft. This is the corecompetence of Casar.

Fill Spin Weight Wir Dia. Cross MBL MBL MassFactor Factor Factor Factor Section Factor Factor Factor

FactorFF SF WF DF CF BLF 1770 BLF 1960 MF

[-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-] [-]

0.6590 0.68459 0.8700 0.0630 0.5176 0.7749 0.8581 0.00450

0.6517 0.8372 0.8700 0.0748 0.5119 0.7585 0.8399 0.00445

0.6571 0.8415 0.8900 0.0546 0.5161 0.7441 0.8239 0.00459

0.6746 0.8200 0.9100 0.0545 0.5298 0.7690 0.8515 0.00482

0.67238 0.7938 0.8800 0.0500 0.5685 0.7987 0.8845 0.00500

Casar Mining Rope Factors

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Wire Rope & Strand

TYPICAL MINE WINDERS

Koepe friction winders are either installed in aground or tower mounted configuration. The numberof head and tail rope pairs can vary between 1 and 10depending on the hoisting duty of the winder. In generalthe combined unit mass of the head and tail ropes areequal to ensure balanced winding. Single layer ropeconstructions are widely used for shallower shaft Koepe

winders, but for depths exceeding 900 m it is criticalthat non-spin or rotation resistance constructions areused. For free looping tail ropes, non-spin ropes withswivels under both conveyances are recommended.For multi-rope winders, rope load balancing and equaldriving sheave/drum circumferences are critical toensure good rope life.

Double drum and BMR winders are almost alwaysground mounted. For these winders, single layer ropeconstructions can be used even in very deep shafts ineven in excess of 3000 m. However, in such cases thelay length changes from the manufactured state wouldbe significant. Rope load balancing and accurate drumspooling between rope pairs are critical on BMRwinders. Ropes which offer high drum crushing

resistance are preferred for these applications as theropes normally deteriorate first at the _ turn and layercrossovers on parrellel grooved drums. In cases wherethe ropes are free to rotate during the winding cycle(e.g. kibble winders) or where the shaft uses ropeguides, non-spin or rotation resistant constructionsare used.

Ground mountedKoepe frictionwinder single rope

Ground mountedKoepe friction windermulti-rope

Tower mountedKoepe friction windersingle-rope nodeflection sheave

Tower mountedKoepe friction windermulti-rope nodeflection sheaves

Tower mounted Koepefriction winder single-rope with deflectionsheave

Tower mounted Koepe friction windermulti-rope withdeflection sheaves

Double drum winder

Blair mult-rope (BMR) winder

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Wire Rope & Strand

MINING WIRE ROPES

• Is an 8-strand rope made out of compacted outer strands.• Is fully lubricated.• Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands, giving the rope

a high structural stability, avoiding internal rope destruction and protecting thecore against corrosive environments.

• Has a very high breaking load and a good resistance against drum crushing.• Duroplast should NOT be used with a swivel.• Regular Lay or Langs Lay.

• Is an 8 strand rope made out of compacted outer strands.

• Is fully lubricated.• Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands giving the rope

a high structural stability. The plastic layer also assists in avoiding internal ropedestruction and protecting the core against corrosive environments.

• Has a very high breaking load and good resistance against drum crushing.• Turboplast should NOT be used with a swivel.• Regular Lay or Langs Lay.

Minimum Breaking ForceNominal Diameter Metallic Area Approximate Mass Grade 1770 Grade 1960

mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN28 401.3 349 594.7 658.530 460.7 401 682.6 755.932 524.1 456 776.7 860.134 591.7 515 876.8 970.936 663.4 577 983.0 1088.538 739.1 643 1095.3 1212.840 819.0 712 1213.6 1343.942 902.9 786 1338.0 1481.644 990.9 862 1468.4 1626.146 1083.1 942 1605.0 1777.348 1179.3 1026 1747.6 1935.250 1279.6 1113 1896.2 2099.8


mm mm2 kg/100m kN kN32 530.0 461 793.5 878.733 563.7 490 843.9 934.534 598.3 521 895.8 992.036 670.8 584 1004.3 1112.138 747.4 650 1119.0 1239.140 828.1 720 1239.9 1373.042 913.0 794 1367.0 1513.744 1002.1 872 1500.3 1661.346 1095.2 953 1639.8 1815.848 1192.5 1038 1785.5 1977.150 1294.0 1126 1937.3 2145.352 1399.6 1218 2095.4 2320.454 1509.3 1313 2259.7 2502.356 1623.2 1412 2430.2 2691.158 1741.2 1515 2606.9 2886.7


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51

Wire Rope & Strand

MINING WIRE ROPES

• Is a rotation resistant hoist rope made out of compacted outer strands.• Is fully lubricated.• Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands, giving the rope

a high structural stability, avoiding internal rope destruction and protecting the coreagainst corrosive environments.

• Has a high breaking load and good resistance against drum crushing.• Regular Lay or Langs Lay.



30 464.5 413 669.7 741.532 528.5 470 761.9 843.734 596.6 531 860.1 952.536 668.9 595 964.3 1067.838 745.3 663 1074.4 1189.840 825.8 735 1190.5 1318.342 910.4 810 1312.5 1453.444 999.2 889 1440.5 1595.146 1092.1 972 1574.4 1743.548 1189.1 1058 1714.3 1898.450 1290.3 1148 1860.2 2059.852 1395.6 1242 2012.0 2227.954 1505.0 1339 2169.7 2402.6


• Is a rotation resistant hoist rope made out of compacted strands.• Is fully lubricated.• Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands, giving the rope





30 476.8 434 692.1 766.432 542.5 494 787.5 872.034 612.5 557 889.0 984.436 686.7 625 996.6 1103.638 765.1 696 1110.4 1229.640 847.7 771 1230.4 1362.542 934.6 851 1356.5 1502.144 1025.8 933 1488.8 1648.646 1121.1 1020 1627.2 1801.948 1220.7 1111 1771.8 1962.050 1324.6 1205 1922.5 2128.952 1432.7 1304 2079.4 2302.654 1545.0 1406 2242.4 2483.1

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MINING WIRE ROPES



20 227.4 200 319.5 353.822 275.1 242 386.6 428.124 327.4 288 460.1 509.425 355.3 313 499.2 552.826 384.3 338 539.9 597.928 445.7 392 626.2 693.430 511.6 450 718.8 796.032 582.1 512 817.9 905.734 657.2 578 923.3 1022.436 736.7 648 1035.1 1146.338 820.9 722 1153.3 1277.240 909.6 800 1277.9 1415.142 1002.8 882 1408.9 1560.2

• Is a rotation resistant hoist rope made out of compacted strands.• Is fully lubricated.• Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands giving the rope

a high structural stability. The plastic layer also assists in avoiding internal ropedestruction and protecting the core against corrosive environments.


• Is a 12 strand rope made out of compacted strands.• Is fully lubricated.• Has a plastic layer between the steel core and the outer strands, giving the rope


• Has a high breaking load and good resistance against drum crushing.• Langs Lay only.



30 465.1 414 683.3 756.632 529.2 471 777.4 860.934 597.4 532 877.7 971.936 669.8 596 983.9 1089.638 746.3 664 1096.3 1214.040 826.9 736 1214.8 1345.142 921.1 811 1371.0 1500.944 1000.5 891 1469.8 1627.646 1093.5 973 1606.5 1779.048 1190.7 1060 1749.2 1937.050 1292.0 1150 1898.0 2101.852 1397.4 1244 2052.9 2273.354 1507.0 1341 2213.9 2451.5


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Wire Rope & Strand

MINING WIRE ROPES

Nominal Approximate Mass MinimumDiameter Breaking Force

6 x 19 to 6 x 25 6 x 27 to 6 x 28 Grade 1770mm kg/100m kg/100m kN16 105 16418 132 20620 164 25522 200 31224 237 36926 276 43228 320 50032 420 65536 530 82540 653 637 102044 800 782 125048 945 923 147552 1080 173056 1250 200060 1440 2300

Triangular Strand6x8 to 17 Outer Wires - Fibre Core6x19 (8/10/Δ)6x22 (9/12/Δ)6x23 (10/12/Δ)6x25 (12/12/Δ)6x27 or 28 (14 OR 15/Δ)

6 x 12/12/3TS

6 x 10/12/3TS

6 x 15/12/9TS

Full Locked Coil Winding RopesNominal Approximate NominalDiameter Mass Breaking

Loadmm kgs/m kgs32 5.78 88,80033 6.14 94,40035 6.91 106,00037 7.72 119,00038 8.14 125,00040 9.02 139,00041 9.48 146,00043 10.4 160,00044 10.9 168,00046 11.9 184,00048 13 200,00049 13.5 208,00051 14.7 226,00053 15.8 244,00054 16.4 253,00056 17.7 272,00057 18.3 282,00059 19.6 298,00061 21 319,00062 21.7 329,00064 23.1 351,000

Up to 57mm Nominal B.L. x 1.197 = Aggregate B.L.Over 57mm Nominal B.L. x 1.212 = Aggregate B.L.These ropes conform to N.C.B. Spec. 186

Half Locked Coil Guide RopesNominal Approximate NominalDiameter Mass Breaking

Loadmm kgs/m kgs

29 4.63 42,90032 5.63 52,20035 6.74 62,50038 7.94 73,90041 9.25 85,70045 11.1 103,00048 12.7 117,00051 14.3 133,000

Nominal Breaking Load x 1.082 = Aggregate Breaking LoadThese ropes conform to N.C.B. Spec 388

Full Locked Coil Half Locked Coil

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AMERICAN WIRE ROPESHoist and Luffing Ropes for Lattice Boom Cranes (American Manufacture)

6 x 25 FW or 6 x 31 WS IWRCNominal Diameter Approximate Mass Nominal Strength in kN

Inches mm kg/100m Extra Extra Improved Extra ImprovedPlough Steel Plough Steel

5/8 15.9 107 202 1833/4 19.1 155 288 2627/8 22.2 211 390 3541 25.4 275 506 460

1 1/8 28.6 348 636 5781 1/4 31.8 430 782 711

Nominal Strength is an American term.Minimum Breaking Force is 2 1/2 % lower than the Nominal Strength.

OIL INDUSTRY WIRE ROPESDrilling Lines 6 x 19 SEALE

Nominal Diameter Approximate MassMinimum Breaking Force

IPS Grade EIPS GradeInches mm kg/100m lb/ft kN 1000 lb kN 1000 lb

7/8 22 211 1.42 308 69.2 354 76.61 26 275 1.85 399 89.8 460 103.4

1 1/8 29 348 2.34 503 113 578 1301 1/4 32 430 2.89 617 138.8 711 159.81 3/8 35 521 3.5 743 167 854 1921 1/2 38 619 4.16 880 197.8 1014 2281 5/8 42 726 4.88 1023 230 1174 2641 3/4 45 844 5.67 1183 266 1361 306

Alternate Lay for Luffing Ropes Right Hand Ordinary Lay for Hoist Ropes

Right Hand Ordinary Lay, UngalvanisedIWRC to API Spec 9A

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Wire Rope & Strand

ONESTEEL FISHING WIRE ROPES

The OneSteel range of fishing ropes are characterised by the veryhigh levels of galvanising achieved in the high strength 1770 MPagrade wire. Galvanising levels at 25% above Class A (now ClassW10Z to AS/NZS 4534) are targeted in manufacture.

OneSteel refer to these as marine grade galvanised wire products.This along with the special treatment that ropes receive inmanufacture to prevent nicking and marking the zinc ensuresa product that is highly resistant to corrosion. The product ispopular for warps and bridles in trawling.

Rope cores are lubricated laid polypropylene for best results. Also the rope strands are lubricated in manufacture using a wax

base lubricant with extreme pressure additives and corrosioninhibitors. In accord with occupational health and environmentalprinciples the use of bitumastic based lubricants has beendiscontinued.

Note:• Information on other rope sizes, constructions and compak

fishing ropes are available on request.• There is a limit to the wire size available with the marine grade

levels of galvanising in high strength 1770 MPa grade. In largersizes these may need to be of 1570 grade tensile wire to obtainthe same high levels of galvanising.

KISWIRE FISHING WIRE ROPES

Nominal Approximate Minimum BreakingDiameter Mass Load 1770

mm kgs/100m kN12 54.5 84.314 70.7 113.716 92.9 149.118 119.5 189.020 144.8 234.522 173.2 283.0

Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Fibrillated Poly Core RHOLNominal Approximate Minimum BreakingDiameter Mass Load 1770

mm kgs/100m kN20 163.8 252.022 198.3 305.024 240.9 363.0

Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Wire Rope Core RHOL

Nominal Approximate Minimum BreakingDiameter Mass Load 1770

mm kgs/100m kN8 24.4 37.49 30.8 47.3

10 38.0 58.411 46.0 70.712 54.7 84.114 74.5 114.016 97.3 149.018 123.0 189.020 152.0 234.0

Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Poly Core RHOLNominal Approximate Minimum BreakingDiameter Mass Load 1770

mm kgs/100m kN10 41.8 63.111 50.6 76.312 60.2 90.814 82.0 124.016 107.0 161.018 135.0 204.020 167.0 252.0

Galvanised - 6x9/9/1 Wire Rope Core RHOL

1770 Grade Wire is standard, 1570 may be available upon request.

Kiswire fishing ropes are available in both A & B galvanising andALUMAR. ALUMAR fishing ropes have 5% aluminium in the zincgalvanising mix with the inclusion of the aluminium ensuringsuperior resistance to corrosion and a longer working life.

ALUMAR ropes have performed extremely well in laboratory Salt Spray (NaCI) and SO2 Atmosphere humidity tests.

These test indicate that ALUMAR technology improves corrosionresistance by approximately 3 times. ALUMAR fishing ropes are theend product of many years of testing in regard to the correct levelof aluminium to be included in the zinc mix. The level of 5%provides the optimum balance of corrosion resistance, durability and working life.

1770 Grade Wire is standard, 1570 may be available upon request.AB Galvanised fishing ropes also available upon requests.

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Wire Rope & Strand

STAINLESS STEEL WIRE ROPE

7 x 197x19 is the most common and versatile construction of stainlesssteel wire rope. It consists of 7 strands each with 19 wires and is the most flexible and the easiest construction to work withparticularly where the rope needs to turn corners, changedirections or where ferrule secured thimble eyes and wire ropegrips are used. 7x19 can be used in either fixed rigging or forlimited working rope applications such as on a boat winch.

7 x 77x7 consists of 7 strands each with 7 wires and is not as flexibleas 7x19. 7x7 is an excellent choice for fixed rigging applicationssuch as balustrading and safety barrier rails. Although 7x7 isstiffer than 7x19 it is still capable of limited angles and can beused with thimble eyes or swage fittings. 7x7 has very limitedapplications as a running or working rope.

1 x 191x19 consists of a single strand with 19 wires. 1x19 is very stiffand is suitable for fixed "straight line" rigging only such as maststays, guy ropes and structural applications. It cannot be usedwith thimble eyes and is best utilised and looks very effective withmachine swaged end fittings.

There are three common constructions of stainless steel wire ropeused in fixed rigging applications. Nobles stock stainless steel wirerope mainly in 316 grade but some 304 grade product isavailable.

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Nominal Diameter Approximate Minimum Stock Code Grade & Construction mm Mass Breaking Load

kg/100m kgAS0201196 2 2.1 340AS0301196 3 4.6 760AS0401196 4 8.2 1,340AS0501196 5 12.8 2,000AS0601196 6 18.4 2,880AS0801196 316 Grade 1x19 8 32.0 4,810AS1001196 316 Grade 1x19 10 51.0 8,400AS1101196 11 73.4 12,092AS1301196 13 86.2 13,991AS1401196 14 100.0 16,189AS1601196 16 131.0 20,386AS0207076 2 1.7 232AS0307076 3 3.7 520AS0407076 4 6.7 1,000AS0507076 5 10.3 1,620AS0607076 6 14.9 2,060AS0807076 316 Grade 7x7 8 26.2 3,670AS1007076 10 41.0 5,750AS1107076 11 59.0 8,594AS1307076 13 80.4 11,492AS1407076 14 105.0 14,690AS1607076 16 133.0 18,587AS0207194 2 1.7 295AS0307194 3 3.7 540AS0407194 4 6.7 1,089AS0507194 5 10.3 1,820AS0607194 6 14.9 2,480AS0807194 304 Grade 7x19 8 25.8 4,082AS1007194 10 40.0 5,980AS1107194 11 69.3 12,591AS1307194 13 80.4 16,089AS1407194 14 105.0 20,386AS1607194 16 133.0 24,883AS0207196 2 1.7 212AS0307196 3 3.7 780AS0407196 4 6.7 910AS0507196 5 10.3 1,490AS0607196 6 14.9 1,910AS0807196 316 Grade 7x19 8 25.8 3,450AS1007196 10 40.0 5,310AS1107196 11 69.3 10,093AS1307196 13 80.4 11,692AS1407196 14 105.0 14,461AS1607196 16 133.0 18,088

• 316 Grade ropes are preferred but 304 Grade is also usually available. Please nominate grade required at time of order. • White is the standard colour for PVC covered ropes but other colours may be available.• Reels are available in 305m, 500m or 1000m lengths.• Other constructions and sizes available on request.

STAINLESS STEEL WIRE ROPE

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Wire Rope & Strand

GALVANISED STRAND

Nominal Construction Minimum Breaking Force, kN Nominal NominalDiameter (abbreviated 380 820 1320 Mass Area

mm form) Grade Grade Grade kg/100m mm2

4.2 1 x 3 11.7 7.6 9.435.7 1 x 3 21.4 13.4 17.172.5 1 x 7 1.4 3 3.2 3.973 1 x 7 2 4.3 4.4 5.56

3.5 1 x 7 2.8 6.2 9.9 6.3 7.924 1 x 7 3.5 7.6 12.2 8.7 10.85 1 x 7 5.4 11.7 18.8 12.8 15.96 1 x 7 7.9 17 27.4 17.7 26.67 1 x 7 10.7 23.1 37.2 25.5 31.78 1 x 7 14.6 30.2 48.6 32.3 40.19 1 x 7 17.8 38.4 61.8 39.8 49.5

10 1 x 7 21.9 47.3 76.1 51.2 63.611 1 x 7 26.6 57.4 92.4 60.6 75.312 1 x 7 31.6 68.2 109 75.4 8810 1 x 19 46 74 50.4 60.312 1 x 19 63.2 101 72.6 87.214 1 x 19 86 137 98.8 11916 1 x 19 182 129 144

Galvanised Strand is commonly used for guys on communicationtowers, broadcasting towers, power poles and as load carryingmembers in building structures.

CharacteristicsGalvanised Strand is less flexible than wire rope, it is strongerand has a higher modulus of elasticity. It is furnished with Class Agalvanised finish.

1 x 7 1 x 19

Galvanised Strand for General Purpose Applications

1 x 37 Galvanised Strand

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GALVANISED STRAND

Nominal Construction* Minimum Breaking Nominal Nominal Youngdiameter (abbreviated form) Force Grade 1570 Mass Area Modulus**

mm kN kg/100m mm2 GPa

10 1 x 19 88 50.4 60.3 16612 1 x 19 126 72.6 87.2 16613 1 x 19 144 82.7 98.4 16614 1 x 19 172 98.8 119 16616 1 x 19 210 129 145 16618 1 x 19 265 163 183 16620 1 x 19 368 212 254 16622 1 x 19 442 255 305 16624 1 x 19 518 299 357 16626 1 x 37 580 348 400 16628 1 x 37 713 427 491 16632 1 x 37 897 538 618 16636 1 x 61 1150 687 789 16640 1 x 61 1420 848 975 16644 1 x 61 1800 1080 1240 16648 1 x 91 2050 1260 1450 16652 1 x 91 2400 1480 1700 16654 1 x 91 2610 1610 1850 16658 1 x 127 2850 1760 2020 15864 1 x 127 3640 2250 2580 15870 1 x 169 4450 2750 3150 15876 1 x 169 4850 2990 3430 15882 1 x 217 5560 3520 4050 15886 1 x 217 6040 3830 4400 15890 1 x 271 6940 4400 5050 15895 1 x 271 7550 4790 5500 158

102 1 x 271 8850 5610 6440 158

* For strand 70mm diameter and greater, the number of wires may vary from that shown in the table provided that the other physical properties are inaccordance with those shown in the table.** The values shown are indicative of values obtained after removal of constructional stretch. If a precise value is required, it should be determined by experiment.

Galvanised Strand for Guying Purposes

1 x 19 1 x 611 x 37

TO AS 2841

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WIRE ROPE LUBRICANTS

Nobles Wire Rope LubricantSuitable For:Running and standing wire ropes in Mining, Marine, Oil & Gas, Construction and Industrial environments

Benefits:• An exceptional wire rope lubricant formulated with anti-drip wax

polymers to reduce drip and fling off.• Fortified with penetrating anti-rust and lubricating additives to provide

complete internal and external protection.• Easy to apply by brush, drip or spray can.• Available in 400g spray can, 4L and 20L pails, or economical 205L drums.

Stock Codes:DRTSWR004N - 400g Spray CanDRTSWR040N - 4L PailDRTSWR020N - 20L PailDRTSWR205N - 205L Drum

Nobles HD Wire Rope GreaseSuitable For:Suspension ropes, running and standing ropes in extreme environments, and also suitable for sheaves.

Benefits:• Contains no bitumen or wax• Exceptional corrosion resistance• Formulated with extreme anti-wear and pressure additives, combined

with unique penetrating oils to retard internal fretting• Available in 20kg pails or 180kg drums (supplied in 205L drum)

Stock Codes:DRTHDNB020N - 20kg PailDRTHDNB205N - 205L Drum

Nobles EF Wire Rope LubricantSuitable For:All wire ropes, sheaves and drums where environmentally friendly lubricants are required. Available in 220 Grade for cool conditions or smaller diameter ropes, and 460 Grade for hot conditions or large diameter ropes.

Benefits:• Contains all the performance of Nobles standard Wire Rope Lubricant,

while minimising the impact on the environment.• Specially formulated from ultra pure mineral oils of pristine quality• High resistance to oxidation• Can be used in food processing environments• Available in 20L pails or 205L drums

Stock Codes:DRTEF220020N - 20L Pail 220 GradeDRTEF220205N - 205L Drum 220 GradeDRTEF460020N - 20L Pail 460 GradeDRTEF460205N - 205L Drum 460 Grade

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WIRE ROPE LUBRICANTS

LanotecWhere environmental considerations are paramount Noblesrecommends the use of Lanotec sealants and lubricants. Noblesare a leading stockist and distributor of Lanotec products and likeNobles, Lanotec is a 100% Australian-owned and operatedcompany. By using Lanotec’s naturally based products Nobles canprovide lubrication, corrosion protection and degreasing solutionsthat are friendly for the environment and safe to use.

Lanotec Heavy Duty Liquid Lanolin

• Lubrication and corrosion protection of wire ropes wherespraying is necessary

• Penetrates to the core of the rope, providing long lastingprotection

• Perfect for mobile cranes where lubrication needs to beapplied while rope is still on the spool

• Non-fling and non-webbing

• Suitable for all environments, including mining and marine

Stock Codes:DRLHD21400 - 400g Spray CanDRLHD21750 - 750ml Spray BottleDRLHD2105 - 5L ContainerDRLHD2120 - 20L Container

Lanotec Wire Rope Lube

• Can be sprayed or manually applied to ropes

• Penetrates to the core of the rope, providing long lastingprotection

• Semi fluid grease containing natural lubricant and corrosioninhibitors

• Ideal for marine cranes and ropes working in the splash zone

• Lubrication of ropes in environmentally sensitive areas wheresalt water is an issue

• Suitable for all environments, including mining and marine

Stock Codes:DRLHDWRL20 - 20L ContainerDRLHDWRL2120 - 20L Pail

Lanotec Citra-Force

• Biodegradable, water soluble degreaser concentrate

• Easily removes tar-based wire rope coatings (blackjack)

• Easily removes thread dope

• Cleans stainless steel, metal surfaces, wire rope, safetyharnesses & webbing

• Perfect for environmentally sensitive areas

Stock Codes:

DRLCF400 - 400g Spray CanDRLCF750 - 750ml Spray BottleDRLCF05 - 5L ContainerDRLCF20 - 20L Container

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