02-Baqara163ScribdClass21TafsirMethodology

7/30/2019 02-Baqara163ScribdClass21TafsirMethodology

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Words in

Quran

Warm-up Activity


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Words in

Quran

Warm-up Activity

We made

All-Seer

recite

Will judge

(The) Originator

Before them

With Allah

The losers


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Some of the authentic Tafsir books

1. Tafsir Ibn Katheer (The Tafsir of Ibn Kathir is among the most renowned andaccepted explanation of the Qur'an in the entire world. In it one finds the best

presentation of Hadiths, history, and scholarly commentary. )

2. Tafsir Al Qurtubee3. Tafsir At Tabaree

4. Tafsir Ibn Taymiyyah

5. Tafsir Jalalayn

Tafsir by mere Opinion:

It is prohibited to indulge in Tafsir by mere opinion.

Muhammad bin Jarir reported that Ibn 'Abbas said that the

Prophet (SAW) said,[Whoever explains the Qur'an with his opinion or with what

he has no knowledge of, then let him assume his seat in

the Fire.]At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i and Abu Dawud also recorded this Hadith. At-Tirmidhi

said, "Hasan".


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Methodology

One seeks the Tafsirof the Qur'an with

1. The Qur'an itself

2. The Sunnah/Hadith3. The statements of the Companions, who were the most knowledgeable ofTafsir, for they witnessed the situations and incidents that we did not witness. Theyalso had the deepest comprehension, the most correct knowledge, and the mostrighteous works. Especially the scholars and leaders among them, such as the 4Rightly Guided Khalifahs4. Abdullah bin Masùd (RA)[Imam Abu Ja'far bin Jarir At-Tabari narrated that 'Abdullah bin Masùd said,"By He other than Whom there is no God, no Ayah in the Book of Allah was revealedbut I have knowledge about whom and where it was revealed. Verily, if I know of aperson who has more knowledge than me in the Book of Allah that the animals canreach (by travelling on them), I will travel to meet him.]5. 'Abdullah bin Àbbas (RA), prophets (SAW) cousin, and the explainer of theQur'an, as a result of the blessing of the dua of the prophet (SAW).The Prophet invoked Allah for the benefit of Ibn Àbbas,(O Allah! Teach him Fiqh in the religion and interpretation.)(Fath Al-Bari 1:205)


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Tafsir of the Tabiìn:

When unable to find the Tafsir in the Qur'an, the Sunnah or with the

Companions, the scholars then look to the Tafsir of the Tabiìn, (2ndgeneration of Islam) such as

Mujahid bin Jabr, who was a wonder himself in Tafsir.

Muhammad bin Ishaq narrated that Abban bin Salih said that

Mujahid said, "I reviewed the Mushaf with Ibn Àbbas thrice from

beginning to end asking him about each and every Ayah in it."

Sufyan Ath-Thawri said,

"If the Tafsir reaches you from Mujahid, then it is sufficient for you."[At-Tabari 1:81]


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Verily, those who disbelieve, and die while they are disbelievers, it is they on

whom is the Curse of Allh and of the angels and of mankind, combined.(2:161)They will abide therein (under the curse in Hell), their punishment will neither be

lightened, nor will they be reprieved. (2:162)

2:161-162


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And your Ilh is One Ilh, L ilha illa Huwa (there is none who has the right to be

worshipped but He), the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. (2:163)

2:163


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2:163

Is God And your GodOne(There is)

NoGod

The Most

Merciful

The Most

Gracious

Except Him


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Shahr bin Hawshab reported that Asma' bint

Yazid bin As-Sakan narrated that Allah's

Messenger said:

Allah's Greatest Name is contained in these twoAyat:

(And your Ilah (God) is One Ilah (God Allah), La ilaha illa Huwa

(there is none who has the right to be worshipped but He), the

Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.) (2:163)

And

-(Alif-Lam-Mim. Allah! La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to

be worshipped but He), Al-Haiyul-Qaiyum (the Ever Living,

the One Who sustains and protects all that exists).) (3:1, 2)'

Abu Dawud 2:168

2:163


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2:163r-Rahman and Ar-Rahim are two names derived from Ar-Rahmah (themercy), but Rahman has more meanings that pertain to mercy than Ar-Rahim."The proof that these names are derived (from Ar-Rahmah), is what At-Tirmidhi recorded - and graded Sahih from `Abdur-Rahman bin Awf thathe heard the Messenger of Allah say,

`Ar-Rahman, which is exclusively for Allah, is a name that encompasses every type of mercythat Allah has.Ar-Rahim is what effects the believers, for Allah said,(And He is ever Rahim (merciful) to the believers.)' (33:43)Also, Ibn Abbas said - about Ar-Rahman and Ar-Rahim,`They are two soft names, one of them is softer than the other (meaning it carries moreimplications of mercy).'''Allah's Name Ar-Rahman is exclusively His. For instance, Allah said,(Say (O Muhammad ): "Invoke Allah or invoke Ar-Rahman (Allah), by whatever name youinvoke Him (it is the same), for to Him belong the Best Names) (17:110),)

(Allah the Exalted said, 'I Am Ar-Rahman. I created the Raham (womb, i.e. family relations)and derived a name for it from My Name. Hence, whoever keeps it, I will keep ties to him,and whoever severs it, I will sever ties with him.')

Tafsir Ibn Kathir


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`Aishah (RA) reported: The Messenger of Allah (SAW) used to recite in his bowingand prostration: "Subbuhun Quddusun, Rabbul-mala'ikati war-ruh [You are the MostGlorious. The Most Holy. You the Rubb of the angels and of Jibril[Muslim]. Riyadh as Saalehin# 1426.

2:163

There is NO

Verse in Quran

or HADITH thatverifies this

claim!!!


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Ibn `Abbas (RA) reported: Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, "I was told: 'These are

your people and amongst them there are seventy thousand who shall enter Jannah

without being taken to account or torment".

Then the Prophet (SAW) stood up and went into his apartment, and theCompanions began to guess who may be those people who would enter Jannah

without any accounting or torment. Some said: "Probably, they are the ones who

kept company with Messenger of Allah (SAW)". Others said: "Probably, they are the

ones who have been born as Muslims and have never associated anyone with Allah

in worship". Then Messenger of Allah (SAW) came out and asked, "What are you

discussing?'' So they told him. He then said, "They are those who do not make

Ruqyah [blowing over themselves after reciting the Qur'an or some prayers and

supplications the Prophet (SAW) used to say] nor seek it, nor perceive omens (i.e.,

they are not pessimistic) but keep trust in their Rubb (Allah).''

[Al-Bukhari and Mulsim]. Riyadh As Salehin# 74.

Commentary:

1. This Hadith mentions the importance of faith in Allah, inducement for having trust in Him

and the distinction of people who have these qualities.

2. Although the practice of blowing over someone after reciting the Qur'an or supplications of

the Prophet (SAW) and medical treatment are permissible but they who avoid them because

of their extreme trust in Allah and save themselves from bad omen, enjoy a distinguishedposition.

2:163


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Messenger of Allah (SAW) said, "Allah has one hundred mercies, out of which Hehas sent down only one for jinn, mankind, animals and insects, through whichthey love one another and have compassion for one another; and through it,wild animals care for their young. Allah has retained ninety-nine mercies to dealkindly with His slaves on the Day of Resurrection.''[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]. Riyadh as Salehin# 420

2:163

Abu Hurairah (RA) reported: I heard

Messenger of Allah (SAW) saying, "WhenAllah created the creatures, He wrote in

the Book, which is with Him over His

Throne:

`Verily, My Mercy prevailed over My

Wrath"

[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

Riyadh as Salehin# 419


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{It is not (proper) for the Prophet and those who believe to askAllh's Forgiveness for the Mushrikn (polytheists, idolaters, pagans,disbelievers in the Oneness of Allh) even though they be of kin,after it has become clear to them that they are the dwellers of theFire (because they died in a state of disbelief).}[9: 113].

Surah Al-Tawba


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Abu Huraira reported: The Apostle of Allah (SAW) visited the grave of his mother

and he wept, and moved others around him to tears, and said: I sought

permission from my Lord to beg forgiveness for her but it was not granted to me,

and I sought permission to visit her grave and it was granted to motel So visit the

graves, for that makes you mindful of death.

The Book of Prayers (Kitab Al-Salat) Muslim :: Book 4 : Hadith 2130

Muslim reported from Anas Ibn Malik (RA) that a man came to the Prophet (SAW)

and said: "O, Prophet (SAW) of Allah, where is my father? The Prophet (SAW) said:"In Hell". When the man turned back the Prophet (SAW) called him and said:

"Both my father and yours are in Hell" [Muslim].

Narrated byAli ibn AbuTalib

Khadijah asked Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) about her children who had

died in the days of ignorance. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him)

said: They are in Hell Fire, and when he saw the sign of disgust on her face, he said:

If you were to see their station you would hate them. She said: Allah's Messenger,

what about my child that was born of your loins? He said: It is in Paradise.

Al-Tirmidhi Hadith 117


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And on that Day We shall present Hell to the disbelievers, plain to view, (100)

(To) those whose eyes had been under a covering from My Reminder (this

Qur'n), and who could not bear to hear (it). (101)Do then those who disbelieved think that they can take My slaves [i.e., the

angels, Allh's Messengers, (Jesus), (Mary)] as Auliy' (lords, gods, protectors)

besides Me? Verily, We have prepared Hell as an entertainment for the

disbelievers (in the Oneness of Allh Islmic Monotheism). (102)

Say (O Muhammad SAW): "Shall We tell you the greatest losers in respect of

(their) deeds? (103)

"Those whose efforts have been wasted in this life while they thought that they

were acquiring good by their deeds! (104)

"They are those who deny the Ayt (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs,

revelations, etc.) of their Lord and the Meeting with Him (in the Hereafter). So

their works are in vain, and on the Day of Resurrection, We shall assign notweight for them. (105)

"That shall be their recompense, Hell; because they disbelieved and took My

Ayt (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) and My

Messengers by way of jest and mockery. (106)

Surah Al-Kahf


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Surah Al-Kahf


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2:163

Is God And your GodOne(There is)

NoGod

The Most

Merciful

The Most

Gracious

Except Him


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f)Is God

d)And your God

a)Oneh)(There is)

No

c)God

g)The Most

Mercifule)The Most

Gracious

b)Except Him

QUIZ 2:163

1.2.3.4.5.6.

7.8.


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Allah knows best

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