02 6220 UMTS RNP Fundamentals E08
-
Upload
abd-el-rahman-essam-anis -
Category
Documents
-
view
23 -
download
2
description
Transcript of 02 6220 UMTS RNP Fundamentals E08
-
02 - 1TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Contents
Introduction: Radio Interface Evolution UMTS Fundamentals concerning Radio Network Planning RNP UMTS RRM & RNP Link Budget & Coverage Calculation Load & Capacity Calculation Improving Coverage & Capacity UMTS and GSM co-planning Multi-Operator-Interference UMTS Air Interface - Measurement Exercises & Examples Appendix 1: Literature & Abbreviations Appendix 2: NetTek Analyzer YBT250 Appendix 3: HSDPA Coverage Planning
UMTS Radio Network Planning & Measurements
-
02 - 2TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Content
UMTS Architecture UTRA: Coordination & Key Parameter UTRA: Codes UTRA: Logical, Transport & Physical Channels
UMTS Fundamentals concerning RNP
-
02 - 3TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Content
UMTS Architecture UTRA: Coordination & Key Parameter UTRA: Codes UTRA: Logical, Transport & Physical Channels
UMTS Fundamentals concerning RNP
-
02 - 4TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
UMTS Network (Rel. 99)
PSTN
ISDN
PDNe.g. Internet,
Intranet
IW: InterworkingTC: Transcoding
Gb
Iu(PS)Gi
Iu(CS)
A
Gn
GSM BSS
Iur
UE=ME+
USIM
Uu
Um
Externalnetworks
GMSCMSC
VLR
AuCHLREIRCSE
GGSNSGSN
IW &TCBSC
& PCU
TRAU
RNC
RNC
UTRAN
BTS
BTS
Abis
Node B
Iub
NodeB
Iub
Node B
UMTS specific CN modification: Transcoding-function TC in CN ATM-based Iu interface enhanced security mechanism & keys (AuC) harmonised CS & PS MM-cycles (VLR/SGSN) no ciphering & data compression in SGSN
TS 23.002
Gr
GfGe
FC / D
Gc
CAP
IP
BillingSystem
E
CGF
Ga
-
02 - 5TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
UMTS Network (Rel. 99)The UMTS Network consists of an enhancedGSM & GPRS Core Network (CS & PS Domain)and the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Network UTRAN.The UMTS CS & PS domain consists of thefollowing network elements, which are knownfrom GSM (Rel. 99):- MSC & VLR- HLR & AuC- EIR (optional)- SGSN- GGSN- CGFUMTS specific CN modification are:- Transcoding-function TC (AMR speechcompression) in CN
- ATM-based Iu interface- enhanced security mechanism & keys (AuC)- harmonised CS & PS MM-cycles (VLR/SGSN)
- no ciphering & data compression in SGSN
Different application platforms can be added to theCore Network, e.g. the CAMEL Service EnvironmentCSE for non-proprietary Intelligent Network services.UTRAN consists of:- the Radio Network Controller RNC, which isresponsible for all Radio Resource ManagementRRM aspects
- the Node B, which is responsible for Physical Layerconversion (ATM cells WCDMA transmission)
The UMTS Mobile User Equipment UE consists of:- Mobile Equipment ME (for HF transmission)- UMTS SIM card, for all user-specific & securityrelated aspects
An overview according to the UMTS network can befound in TS 23.002.
-
02 - 6TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
UTRAN
GSMPhase 2+
Core Network
MSC/VLRSGSN
Node B
RNCRadio
NetworkController
RNCNode B
Node B
traffic & signalingUMTS Terrestrial Radio Access NetworkUMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
Iub
Iub
Iur Iu(cs/ps)
UuUEUser
Equipment
-
02 - 7TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
UTRAN: UMTS Terrestrial Radio AccessNetworkThe network elements of UTRAN are:- the Radio Network Controller RNC- the Node BThe UTRAN network elements are connected toeach other respectively to external UMTS networkelements via the interfaces:- Iu(CS): RNC MSC- Iu(PS): RNC SGSN- Iub: RNC Node B- Iur: RNC RNC- Uu: Radio InterfaceIu(CS), Iu(PS), Iur & Iub are ATM basedinterfaces. An UTRAN description as well as anoverview according to the Iu-interfaces can befound in TS 25.401 (UTRAN Overall Description).An overview on the WCDMA air interface Uu can
be found in the TS 25.201 (Physical layer - Generaldescription) & 25.301 (Radio Interface ProtocolArchitecture).
-
02 - 8TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
GSM & UMTS Evolution
Iub
Iub
Iub
Iur
Node B
Node B
Node B
RNC
Iu
S-RNCserves for RAB: Resource Allocation HO Decisions S-RNS Relocation SHO combining/splitting Active Set (CGI / URA) Signalling via Iu,Iub,Iur & Uu
Header Compression Integrity Check Ciphering BEC ...
D-RNC RR Allocation
UTRAN: TS 25.401
Core Network CN
RNC
RNC functions: autonomous RRM ATM Switching & Multiplexing Control over RNS O&M Interface
Iu
BEC: Backward Error CorrectionCGI: Cell Global IdentityURA: UTRAN Registration Area
-
02 - 9TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Node B
Iub
Node B
RNC
Node B: Physical node - connected via Uu / Iub support of 1 / several cells FDD &/or TDD Mode operation ATM Termination (Iub) Data conversion for reliableUU transmission
Inner Loop Power Control measures RL quality & strength determines BER & BLER Measurement reports to RNC FDD: Micro-Diversity (SHO)
Uu
BER: Bit Error RateBLER: Block Error RateRL: Radio LinkSHO: Soft Handover
-
02 - 10TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
User Equipment UE
Node B
RNC
MSC/VLR / EIRSGSN
UE as Node B Counterpart: FEC (Encoding & Interleaving) Power Control (Open & Inner Loop) Radio Measurement (BER, SIR, Quality & Power) Spreading / De-Spreading Modulation / De-Modulation
UE as Node B Counterpart: FEC (Encoding & Interleaving) Power Control (Open & Inner Loop) Radio Measurement (BER, SIR, Quality & Power) Spreading / De-Spreading Modulation / De-Modulation
UEUE as RNC Counterpart:
BEC (Acknowledged Mode; NRT) RRC (Radio Resource Control) Handover (CS) & Cell Selection (PS) De- / Ciphering & Integrity Check Header (De-) Compression ...
UE as RNC Counterpart: BEC (Acknowledged Mode; NRT) RRC (Radio Resource Control) Handover (CS) & Cell Selection (PS) De- / Ciphering & Integrity Check Header (De-) Compression ...
UE as CN Counterpart: Mobility Management (Location Registration,Authentication, IMEI Check, Attach / Detach)
Session Management (PDP Context De-/Activation) Bearer Negotiation / Service Request ...
UE as CN Counterpart: Mobility Management (Location Registration,Authentication, IMEI Check, Attach / Detach)
Session Management (PDP Context De-/Activation) Bearer Negotiation / Service Request ...
UE
BEC: Backward Error CorrectionRRC: Radio Resource ControlSIR: Signal to Interference RatioPDP: Packet Data Protocol
-
02 - 11TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Content
UMTS Architecture UTRA: Coordination & Key Parameter UTRA: Codes UTRA: Logical, Transport & Physical Channels
UMTS Fundamentals concerning RNP
-
02 - 12TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
WARC92 & Worldwide UMTS Frequency Ranges1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2200 2250
1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 2100 2150 2250
1885 MHz 2025 MHz
MSSIMT 2000
MSSIMT-2000GSM 1800DECT
1880 MHz 1980 MHz
MSS
MSSIMT 2000PHS
PCS1900A C B BC C CEF A FE
2010 MHz
MSSIMT 2000
MSSIMT-2000
MSSreserved
MSSIMT 2000
2160 MHz
2110 MHz
1895 MHz
1918 MHz2170 MHz
2170 MHz
1990 MHz1910 1930
WARC92
Europe
Japan
S. Korea WARC-92
Canada(C,E free)
USA
-
02 - 13TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
GSM & UMTS Frequency Ranges (R6)
1720 1760
1740 1780
1800 1840 1880
1820 1860
2120 2160
2100 2140
2040 2080
2020 20601900
1920 1960 2000
1940 1980
UMTS FDD(IMT-2000)UMTS TDD
UMTS TDD
UMTS 1900GSM 1900UMTS TDD
UMTS 1800GSM 1800
920 960
900 940
840 880
820 860
760 800
740 780
GSM 900Extended GSM 900
R- GSM 900
GSM / UMTS 850GSM 700GSM/EDGE:TS 45.005
UMTS: FDD/TDDTS 25.101 & 25.201
UMTS1700
not shown: GSM400
-
02 - 14TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
GSM/EDGE & UMTS (Rel. 6) FrequencyRanges:TS 25.101 (FDD: UE Radio Rx & TX):FDD bandsBand I: 1920 1980 / 2110 2170 MHzBand II: 1850 1910 / 1930 1990 MHzBand III: 1710 1785 / 1805 1880 MHzBand IV: 1710 1755 / 2110 2155 MHzBand V: 824 849 / 869 894 MHzBand VI: 830 840 / 875 885 MHz
(Japan only)
TS 25.102 (TDD: UE Radio Rx & TX):TDD bands
1900 1920 MHz2010 2025 MHz1850 1910 MHz (ITU Region 2)1930 1990 MHz1910 1930 MHz (ITU Region 2)
TS 45.005 (GSM/EDGE RAN: Radio Rx & Tx)GSM/EDGE bands:T-GSM380: 380.2 389.8 / 390.2 399.8 MHzT-GSM410: 410.2 419.8 / 420.2 429.8 MHzT-GSM450: 450.4 457.6 / 460.4 467.6 MHzT-GSM480: 478.8 486 / 488.8 496 MHzGSM750: 747 762 / 777 792 MHzGSM850: 824 849 / 869 894 MHzGSM900P: 890 - 815 / 935 960 MHzGSM900E: 880 915 / 925 960 MHzGSM-R: 876 880 / 821 925 MHzT-GSM900: 870.4 876 / 915.4 921 MHzGSM1800: 1710 1785 / 1805 1880 MHzGSM1900: 1850 1910 / 1930 1990 MHz
-
02 - 15TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
WRC-2000: 3G Frequency Ranges
large-area coverage additional 3G
frequency ranges world-wide Harmonisation
of 3G frequency ranges
Frequency range [MHz]806 960
only some countries
cellular
1710 1885
cellular
2500 2690
cellular MSS cellular MSS
1885
2010
2110
1980
2025
2170
2200
WARC92
698
cellular Harmonisation / Extension:Refarming 2G frequencies( rural service areas)
Harmonisation /Extension:
ExtensionBand
(Indoor/Pico Cells)
-
02 - 16TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Duplex Transmission: FDD & TDD
Duplex TransmissionDuplex Transmission
Tim
et
UL
DL
UL
DL
UL
Framewithn TS
TDD
ULUplink
DLDownlink
DL
frequency f
Tim
et
duplex distance
UL
FDD
-
02 - 17TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Multiple Access: FDMA, TDMA & CDMA
Multiple Access MAMultiple Access MA
frequency f
time tPower
P
1 2 3
FDMA
frequency f
time t
PowerP
TS 1TS 2TS 3
TDMA
frequency f
time t
PowerP
Code 1Code 2Code 3
CDMA
-
02 - 18TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
(De-) Spreading Process
usingCode 2
Pow
erDen
sity
P
frequency f
UnspreadSignals
SpreadSignals
Radio Transmission = spread signals
afterDe-Spreading
user 1
user 2
user 1 & 2
frequency f
CDMA: Spread Spectrum Technology SST every user with unique Code Spreading / De-Spreadingusing high-chip rate Code
Spreading
Spreading
De-Spreading
usingCode 2
usingCode 1
usingCode 1
De-Spreading
-
02 - 19TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
(De-) Spreading Process
Chip
SpreadingCode
+1
-1
UserData
Bit rateRB
Spreading AirInterface
HF-Modu-lation
De-Modu-lation
De-Spreading
UserData
Bit rateRB
-
02 - 20TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Spreading / De-Spreading
spreadData
via Air Interface
1 0 1 0User Data
Data(convertedto +1/-1)
SpreadingCode
+1
+1
+1
-1
-1
-1
+1
+1
-1
-1
SpreadingCode
Data
1 0 1 0User Data
1 Bit (symbol)*
UMTS Modulation:
QPSK
2 bit/symbol
UMTS Modulation:
QPSK
2 bit/symbol
SF = Rchip / Rdata
*in UMTS: QPSK(2 data streams
spread in parallel operation)
SF: Spreading Factor
SF: Spreading Factor
Rchip: Chip Rate [cps]
Rdata: Data Rate [symbol/s](information rate on theair interface)
SF: Spreading Factor
Rchip: Chip Rate [cps]
Rdata: Data Rate [symbol/s](information rate on theair interface)
-
02 - 21TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Modulation
BPSK, QPSK & 8PSK:Amplitude is the same
for every symbol
PSK:Phase
denominatessymbol
-1 1
(Q)
I
BPSK:
-1 1
-1
1
10
11
0 0
01
Q
I
QPSK:
8PSK :Q
I
000
001
101
100
110
111
011
010
Bit/symbol e.g.:
GMSK: 1 (GSM) BPSK: 1 (IS-95) QPSK: 2 (UMTS) 8PSK: 3 (EDGE) 16QAM: 4 (HSDPA) 64QAM: 6 (WLAN)
Bit/symbol e.g.:
GMSK: 1 (GSM) BPSK: 1 (IS-95) QPSK: 2 (UMTS) 8PSK: 3 (EDGE) 16QAM: 4 (HSDPA) 64QAM: 6 (WLAN)
-
02 - 22TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
UMTS QPSK Modulation
UMTS QPSK:The user data stream is converted from serial to parallel operation;
the 2 parallel data streams are spread & modulated parallel
UMTS QPSK:The user data stream is converted from serial to parallel operation;
the 2 parallel data streams are spread & modulated parallel
1 2700 90
1 1800 0
90Phase Shift
Oscillator: fc
Rc
Rc
cos(2fct)
sin(2fct)
0045
10315
11225
01135
IBranch
QBranch
Symbol& Phase Shift
Symbol& Phase Shift
-
02 - 23TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Spreading Factor & Processing Gain
Spreading Factor definition:
Spreading Factor SF(UMTS FDD) =
(512), 256, 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4
Spreading Factor SF(UMTS FDD) =
(512), 256, 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4UMTS FDD:TS 25.211
TS 25.213:
The modulatingchip rate
is3.84 Mcps*.
TS 25.213:
The modulatingchip rate
is3.84 Mcps*.
* FDD & HCR TDD: 3.84Mcps; LCR TDD: 1.28Mcps (TS 25.201)
Service bit rateChip rateProcessing
Gain= [dB]
Data (Symbol) rateChip rateSpreading
Factor SF= [dec]
-
02 - 24TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
Spreading Factor SFThe Spreading Factor SF determines how manychips are used to spread 1 symbol.The smaller the Spreading Factor the higher thesymbol rate, respectively the corresponding userdata bit rate.The higher SF, i.e. the more chips are used forspreading the more robust is the transmission.The more robust the transmission, the lesstransmission power is needed.The SF of the FDD mode (Rel. 99 R. 5) can be512 4.SF of TDD can be varied between 16 1.
Chip RateTS 25.213 defines the chip rate of the UMTS FDDmode to be 3.84 Mchip/s.In general, in UMTS (Rel. 4) 2 chip rates / bandwidthare existing (TS 25.201): FDD mode & High ChipRate HCR TDD mode are using 3.84 Mchip/s at 5MHz bandwidth, the Low Chip Rate LCR TDD modeuses 1.28 Mchip/s at 1.6 MHz bandwidth.
Processing GainThe ratio between the transmitted modulationbandwidth (Chip-Rate) and the information signalbandwidth (Service Bit Rate) is called theProcessing Gain. The Processing Gain is given indB and will be used for UMTS Radio Link Budgetcalculation.
-
02 - 25TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
UTRA Key Parameters
FDD & TDD harmonised in: Bandwidth: 5 MHz Chip Rate: 3.84 Mcps Modulation: QPSK Frequency Re-Use = 1 Timing: 1 Frame = 10 ms = 15 Slots 1 Slot = 2/3 ms = 2560 chip 1 chip = 260.4 ns Code Type: OVSF Codes
FDD pure WCDMA(continuous transmission)
SF = 4 256 (512) Rdata = 15 960 ksymb/s fUL = 1920 1980 MHz fDL = 2110 2170 MHz
TDD WCDMA & TDMA(Bursts: 15 Slots / Frame)
SF = 1 16 Rdata = 16 256 ksymb/s / Slot f = 1900 1920 MHz &
2010 2025 MHz
FDDMode
14
10
TDDMode
1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS 1 TS
1 Frame = 15 Slots = 10 ms = 38400 chip
10 ms 10 ms 10 ms 10 ms Time
FDD & TDDdifferent in
-
02 - 26TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
- This page is intend to be blank -
-
02 - 27TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Content
UMTS Architecture UTRA: Coordination & Key Parameter UTRA: Codes UTRA: Logical, Transport & Physical Channels
UMTS Fundamentals concerning RNP
-
02 - 28TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Codes
Spreading Code = Channelization Code x Scrambling CodeSpreading Code = Channelization Code x Scrambling Code
UL
1 UE 1 or severalScrambling
Codes
frequency f
time t
PowerP
1234
Different DataChannels, Control
Information - differentChannelization Codes
Emitted Signal
DL
1 cell -1 or severalScrambling
Codes
frequency f
time t
PowerP
1234
Several users, controlinformation - differentChannelization Codes
Emitted Signal
-
02 - 29TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Codes: DL Spreading & Scrambling
Channel 1Bit Rate
Bit Rate
ChannelizationCode CCCH,SF,m
ChannelizationCode CCH,SF,m
Channel n
Chip Rate
Chip Rate
Chip Rate
ScramblingCode
Chip Rate
To Modulation
Spreading in bandwidth
Distinction of channels
-
02 - 30TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Channelisation Code Tree
Spreading Factors in a subtree
Channelization Codes (CCn,m) = Orthogonal variable SF Codes OVSF (for UL & DL)
CC1,0 = (1)
CC2,1 = (1,-1)
CC2,0 = (1,1)
CC4,0 = (1,1,1,1)
CC4,1 = (1,1,-1,-1)
CC4,2 = (1,-1,1,-1)
CC4,3 = (1,-1,-1,1)
CC256,0CC256,1CC256,2
CC256,255CC256,254
SF = 1 SF = 2 SF = 4 SF = 256
CC1 = (1) CC2 =1 11 -1
CCn =CCn/2 CCn/2CCn/2 -CCn/2
CCn,m generation:
(SF = 512)
WalshMatrix
-
02 - 31TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Scrambling Codes
UL
Short CodesCode period = 2/30 ms
256 chipsS(2) code family
224 available codesComplex valued
Scrambling Sequencegenerated bycombining
2 real sequences
Long CodesCode period = 10 ms
38400 chipsGold Codes
224 available codes =16,777,215 UL SCs;
Complex valuedScrambling Sequencegenerated from two
single real sequences
optionalmakes implementationof advanced receiverstructures easier
DL
Long CodesCode period = 10 ms, 38400 chipsGold Codes, 512 SC-Code Sets
with 1 Primary & 15 Secondary SC-Codes(totally: 8192 DL Scrambling Codes)
Complex valued Scrambling Sequencegenerated from two single real sequences
CodeSet1
CodeSet2
CodeSet512
PrimaryScrambling codeSecondary Scramblingcode 1
Secondary Scramblingcode 2
Secondary Scramblingcode 15
PrimaryScrambling code
Secondary Scramblingcode 1
Secondary Scramblingcode 2
Secondary Scramblingcode 15
SC: Scrambling Code
-
02 - 32TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Orthogonality
subtree
Channelization Codeshave orthogonal properties.
Code 2
Code 1
Code 4
Code 3 Code 3 x Code 4 = 0Code 3 x Code 3 = 1ButCode 1 x Code 2 = 1!!!
Scrambling Codesare quasi orthogonal
Code 1 x Code 2 ~ 0 (noise)Code 1 x Code 1 ~ 1Here Code 1 and 2 are justdifferent Codes
Orthogonality:
2 codes are orthogonal if XORing results in equal number of 1s and 0s.
Using instead of 1 and 0 1 and -1 multiplication has to result in 0.
Orthogonal codes are not cross-correlated: cross correlation = 0.
Example: 1100 11-1-1
1010 or 1-11-1
1001 1-1-11 cross correlation = 0
Orthogonality can be lost due to multipath propagation !
-
02 - 33TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Auto- & Cross-correlation
Good auto-correlation needed for
Synchronizing in presence of multipath
propagation (time dispersion),e.g. for initial
detection
Auto-correlation
Similarities between one code and
itself when shifted in time
Scrambling Codes:
Based on maximum length codes
low auto correlation
bad cross correlation
Good cross-correlation needed for
Separating physical channels,
i.e.synchronizing to one code in presence of
other codes, Separating channels
Cross-correlation:
Similarities between two codes
Mix of codes to obtain optimum performance
Channelization codes:
perfect orthogonality
maximum cross correlation
high auto-correlation
-
02 - 34TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
- This page is intend to be blank -
-
02 - 35TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Content
UMTS Architecture UTRA: Coordination & Key Parameter UTRA: Codes UTRA: Logical, Transport & Physical Channels
UMTS Fundamentals concerning RNP
-
02 - 36TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Logical, Transport & Physical Channels
Transport Channel how & with what characteristicsdata are transmitted via Uu
Logical Channel content of the
transmitted information
Physical Channel physical description of
the air interface transmission
TS 25.301
25.211FDD
25.221TDD
Channels& more ??
-
02 - 37TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
25.301: Logical channelsThe MAC layer provides data transfer services onlogical channels. A set of logical channel types isdefined for different kinds of data transfer servicesas offered by MAC. Each logical channel type isdefined by what type of information is transferred.A general classification of logical channels is intotwo groups:- Control Channels (for the transfer of controlplane information);- Traffic Channels (for the transfer of user planeinformation).Transport Channel: The physical layer offersinformation transfer services to MAC and higherlayers. The physical layer transport services aredescribed by how and with what characteristicsdata are transferred over the radio interface. Anadequate term for this is 'Transport Channel'.
A general classification of transport channels is into2 groups:- common transport channels (where there is a needfor inband identification of the UEs when particularUEs are addressed); and-dedicated transport channels (where the UEs areidentified by the physical channel, i.e. code &frequency for FDD).TS 25.211:Physical Channels:Physical channels are defined by a specific carrierfrequency, scrambling code, channelization code(optional), ...
-
02 - 38TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Channel Mapping
LogicalChannels
TransportChannels
PhysicalChannels
BCCH PCCH CTCH CCCH DCCH DTCH
BCH PCH FACH DCH DSCH
P-CCPCH S-CCPCH DPDCH DPCCH PDSCH
LogicalChannels
TransportChannels
PhysicalChannels
CCCH DCCH DTCH
RACH DCH CPCH
PRACH DPDCH DPCCH PCPCH
DL
UL
-
02 - 39TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Logical Channels
UL+DL
UL+DL
TRAFFICCHANNELS
CONTROLCHANNELS
DTCH(user data;PtP, PtMP)
CTCH(PtMP; for
user groups,e.g. SMS CellBroadcastService
DL DL UL + DL
BCCHBroadcastControlChannel(system
information)
PCHPagingControlChannel(paging ¬ification)
DCCHDedicatedControlChannel
(power control,pilot,..)
CCCHCommon Control
Channel(control
information forUE without RRC
connection)PtP: Point to PointPTMP: Point to MultiPoint
LOGICAL CHANNELS
-
02 - 40TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Transport Channels
Transport Format:Transport Format:
Semi-static part
CRC size (for error detection) = 0, 8, 12, 16, 24 bits Channel coding characteristics (redundancy),
e.g. Convolutional Coding = 1/2, 1/3 or Turbo Coding 1/3 TTI = 10, 20, 40, 80 ms Rate matching Attributes
Dynamic part Transport block TB size
= 1..5,000 bit
Transport block set size= 1..200,000 bit
Transport Channels are defined by a set of characteristics:the Transport Format
TB#1
TB Set
TB#2 TB#3 TB#4
RLC/MAC
L1
CRC: Cyclic Redundancy CheckTTI: Transmission Time Interval
1 TB =1 MAC PDU
TTI
-
02 - 41TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
Transport ChannelsBroadcast Channel BCH: transmit cell & networkspecific informationPaging Channel PCH: transmit data relevant tothe paging procedure (network wants to initiatecommunication with the UE)Forward Access Channel FACH: transmitcontrol information or small amount of packet dataon common resources in the DLRandom Access Channel RACH: transmitcontrol information or small amount of packet dataon common resources in the ULCommon Packet Channel CPCH: RACHextension for PS data transmission on commonresourcesDL Shared Channel DSCH: UL transmission ofcontrol data or dedicated user data on sharedresources; users are time-multiplexed
Dedicated Channel DCH: used for the transport ofdedicated user data and control information for aparticular UE
-
02 - 42TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
FDD Physical Channels
UL
PRACH
DPCCH
PCPCH
DPDCH
Random Access
DL CPICH
SCH
P-CCPCH
S-CCPCH
PICH
AICH
PDSCH
DPCH
Packet Data
Control info
DataData + control info
Pilot
Synchronization
System info
System info
Access grant, notif.
Shared channel
Paging
Physical Channel :Frequency band, Time, Code
(TDD: TS)
CD/CA-ICHCollision avoiding
-
02 - 43TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6120 01/2005TECHCOM Consulting Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting TECHCOM Consulting
TECHCOM Consulting
FDD Physical Channels (selection)Dedicated Physical Data Channel DPDCH:transmission of dedicated user data & higher layersignalling (RRC, NAS) in UL directionDPCCH: transmission of radio control informationin UL direction)DPCH: transmission of user data & control data(time-multiplexed) n DL direction.Synchronisation Channel SCH: Cell search andsynchronisation of the UE to the Node B signal.Subdivided in Primary & Secondary SCHPrimary Common Control Physical Channel P-CCPCH: transmits the Broadcast information inthe DLSecondary Common Control Physical ChannelS-CCPCH: transmission of Paging information(PCH), Common Traffic Channel data and NRT,best effort user data (FACH) in the DL. FACHs
and PCH can be mapped on 1 S-CCPCH or onseveral (up to 16) S-CCPCHsCommon Pilot Channel CPICH: transmits DL cellScrambling Code; used for channel estimation andallows estimates for Power Control; each cell has 1Primary CPICH and up to 15 Secondary CPICHsPhysical Random Access Channel PRACH:transmission of RACH for Random Access or smallamount of packet data in the ULPhysical Common Packet Channel PCPCH:PRACH extension with additional collision detectionmechanismPaging Indication Channel PICH: transmission ofPage Indicators for UE Discontinuous ReceptionDRX operation;Acquisition Indication Channel AICH: positive ornegative acknowledgement for random access of aUE via PRACH or PCPCHPhysical DL Shared Channel PDSCH:transmission of packet data on shared resources
-
02 - 44TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Physical Channels
Primary CPICH: 1 per cell = Cell beacon broadcasted over entire cell
Secondary CPICH: up to 15 per cell option to define sub-cells
6
FrameSynchronisation ScramblingCode Group
FrameSynchronisation ScramblingCode Group
TS & Chip
Synchronisation
TS & Chip
SynchronisationPrimarySCH
PrimarySCH
SecondarySCH
SecondarySCH
cp
Csi,0
cp
Csi,1
cp
Csi,14
1 frame = 10 ms
2560 chip256 chip
TS #0 TS #1 TS #14
cp : Primary Synchronisation Code; unique in every cellCsi,0..14: Secondary Synchronisation Codes; i = 1..64
CPICHCommon Pilot Channel
Pre-defined symbol sequence= Cell Scrambling Code
phase reference
SF = 256 CC256,0
CPICHCommon Pilot Channel
Pre-defined symbol sequence= Cell Scrambling Code
phase reference
SF = 256 CC256,0
-
02 - 45TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Physical Channels
FACH & PCH on sameor separate S-CCPCHs
up to 16 S-CCPCHs per cell CC - allocation indicatedby P-CCPCH
only transmitted whendata available
for Broadcast information(BCCH carrier)
CC256,1
TS = 2560 chip (DL= 20 bit; SF = 256)
Tx OFF P-CCPCH Data (18 bit): BCH
256 chip
TFCIoptional S-CCPCH Data: FACH / PCH Pilot
TS = 2560 chip (DL= 20 - 1280 bit; SF = 256 - 4)
P-CCPCHPrimary Common Control Physical Channel
P-CCPCHPrimary Common Control Physical Channel
S-CCPCHSecondary Common Control Physical Channel
S-CCPCHSecondary Common Control Physical Channel
-
02 - 46TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Physical Channels
15 MP start positionsin 2 frames (every 2 TS)
SF = 256(UL: 15 kbps)
SF = 256 - 32(UL: 15 - 120 kbps)
Preamble Message Part MPPreamble
4096 chip PRACH: 1/2 frame = 10/20 ms
Data
Pilot TFCI
TS = 2560 chip
256 repetitions of16 different signatures S
AS #0 AS #1 AS #14
2 frames = 20 ms
5120 chip
for Acquisition Indication AI:response on PRACH Preamble (S)
DL: 40 bit: 16 AIS valuesAS: Access Slot
PRACHPhysicalRandomAccessChannel
PRACHPhysicalRandomAccessChannel
AICHAcquisition Indication Channel
AICHAcquisition Indication Channel
PCPCHPhysical Common Packet Channel PRACH extension SF = 256 4 duration: n x 10 ms extra collision protection
PCPCHPhysical Common Packet Channel PRACH extension SF = 256 4 duration: n x 10 ms extra collision protection
-
02 - 47TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Physical Channels
Data block 1 TPC TFCIoptional
TPC: TransmitPower Control
TFCI: Transport FormatCombination Indicator
FBI: FeedBack Information
Data block 2 Pilot
Slot #0 Slot #i Slot #14
TS = 2560 chip (DL= 10 - 1280 bit; SF = 512 - 4)
Data
Pilot TFCIoptionalFBI
optional TPC
DPCHDedicatedPhysical Channel SF = 512 - 4 15 - 1920 kbps
DPCHDedicatedPhysical Channel SF = 512 - 4 15 - 1920 kbps
DPDCHDedicated PhysicalData Channel SF = 256 4 15 - 960 kbps
DPDCHDedicated PhysicalData Channel SF = 256 4 15 - 960 kbps
TS = 2560 chip (UL= 10 - 640 bit; SF = 256 - 4)
TS 25.211 & 213
DPCCHDedicated PhysicalControl Channel SF = 256; CC256,0 15 kbps
DPCCHDedicated PhysicalControl Channel SF = 256; CC256,0 15 kbps
-
02 - 48TA-TC 6220 E08
Copyright All rights reserved TA -TC 6220 E08TECHCOM Consulting
Example: IMSI Attach
UL & DL: DPDCH & DPCCHor PRACH / S-CCPCH
PRACH Preamble (S)
PRACH Preamble (S)
AICH (AIS )
no answer repetition
PRACH Message Part
S-CCPCH
CPICH
S-SCH
P-SCH
P-CCPCH