01 G-LI 000 BSC6000 Hardware Structure and System Description-20070523-A-1.0
01 System Description
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Technical Manual System DescriptionM900/M1800 BTS3X Series Base Transceiver Station
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Current Status and Demands of GSM Network
Since the middle 1980s, public mobile communications have witnessed two
generations of development with the further development of cellular networking
technologies and the emergence of high-capacity mobile telecommunications system.
The first generation is an analog mobile telecommunications system, which only
provides speech services using FDMA technologies.
The second generation is a digital mobile telecommunications system, which
appeared in 1990s with relevant standards including GSM, IS-95, etc. This
system is mainly used for speech services and provides low speed circuit
switched data services at the same time.
At present, GSM communications network is being applied around the world. More
and more people have recognized its big potential of development.
The market demands for the GSM network cover the following aspects:
The base transceiver station (BTS) of larger capacity is required because of the
dramatic increase in the number of mobile subscribers and the heavier traffic. Higher multiplexing ratio over the Abis interface is required due to expensive
transmission resources.
It is required to reduce the equipment room size for cost saving.
Complicated transmission mode requires powerful BTS transmission adaptability
and multiple built-in transmission equipment.
The continuous expansion of GSM system requires that BTS be expanded
flexibly and the existing investment be protected against waste during system
expansion.
Service demands of mobile subscribers keep increasing, which requires the BTS
to support more services.
Since the power supply system is unstable, power supply of BTS is required to
adapt to a wider range of voltage fluctuation and to have certain protection
mechanism which ensures fast BTS recovery after it is powered on again.
BTS is required to provide better voice quality and faster switchover.
A series of macro cell BTSs are developed by Huawei to meet the above demands.
The series of BTSs provide a network solution to convenience in maintenance,
operation and management in densely populated areas and cities with large capacity
requirement.
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Technical Manual System DescriptionM900/M1800 BTS3X Series Base Transceiver Station
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.2 Product Orientation
BTS3X is the series of proprietary macro cell BTS developed by Huawei. The BTS
series include:
Indoor BTS30
Indoor BTS312
Outdoor BTS3006A
Outdoor BTS3012A
The above types of BTS can meet the requirements in multiple conditions. Table 1.1
gives a brief introduction to the BTS3X series.
Table 1.1 BTS3X macro cell series
BTS3X product
model
Maximum number
of TRXs of a single
cabinet
Application
BTS30 (indoor BTS) 6 TRXs Densely populated areas and
cities
BTS312 (indoor BTS) 12 TRXs Areas with high density and large
traffic
BTS3006A (outdoor
BTS)
6 TRXs Suburb or small town with
medium traffic
BTS3012A (outdoor
BTS)
12 TRXs Area in the urban where it is
difficult to select an equipment
room
BTS30 is a highly integrated indoor macro cell BTS with low power consumption,
featuring small size, high reliability and flexible networking. It can be applied to most
of the densely populated areas and cities.
BTS312 is highly integrated indoor macro cell BTS with large capacity and low power
consumption, which saves more room to facilitate expansion. It is mainly applied to
support cells with high density and large traffic.
BTS3006A and BTS3012A are outdoor macro cell BTSs with 6 TRXs and 12 TRXs
respectively that can adapt to complex climates and electromagnetic environment.
They feature low cost, fast site construction, high environment adaptability, serving as
a major supplement to indoor BTS. They provide a complete solution to the
construction of seamless mobile communication networks.
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Chapter 2 Product Features
Chapter 2 Product Features
2.1 BTS3X Technological Characteristics
The BTS3X series are designed as a typical all-in-one BTS by taking full
consideration of the requirements in capacity, configuration, installation, power supply,
transmission, and services. This section introduces its characteristics below.
2.1.1 Integrated RF Component Technology
Expansion based on the inheritance of the investment: BTS expansion can make
the utmost us of all the antenna and feeder parts.
Modular structure with good performance: RF combiner, divider and low noise
amplifier are integrated in the combining and distribution unit (CDU). All parts for
TRX processing, which include baseband processing, RF processing, power
amplification and power supply, are integrated in one transceiver unit (TRX). The
modular structure can reduce internal cable connections, improve system
reliability and facilitate installation and maintenance.
Intelligent CDU: The CDU features fine monitor and control functions, excellent
O&M, level 2 standing wave ratio alarm, low noise amplifier alarm, tower top
amplifier (TTA) alarm, TTA power supply. It also supports auto protection against
emergency, that is, it can close transmit power when the Tx channel of the
antenna and feeder is abnormal, and can power off to bypass the low noise
amplifier (LNA) when TTA is abnormal so as to ensure normal system operation.
Receive gain can be adjusted via remote control to ensure the sensitivity of the
receive system.
2.1.2 Mature RF Technology
RF hopping and baseband frequency hopping are provided to improve system
anti-interference capability. It has good performance in practical applications.
The advanced digital RF technology is adopted to raise batch consistency,
manufacture scalability and stability of the RF system.
2.1.3 Advanced E-Abis Technology
The enhanced Abis (E-Abis) supports various transmission modes and complex
topologies. The transmission mode can be SDH, E1, microwave, or satellite.
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Chapter 2 Product Features
The E-Abis includes the following techniques:
Advanced clock phase locking (APL): solves the problem of clock jittery by using
high-precision (up to 0.1 Hz) clock and characteristic software phase lock
technique. Problems such as SDH clock phase jittery and signal out of lock
during transmission via satellite are solved.
The system can tolerate a tolerance at the bit error rate of 1E-4, that is, 2 levels
higher than the common 1E-6 bit error rate. A better and smooth voice quality
can be obtained even in transmission through microwave and satellite.
The system can tolerate an intermittent link failure of less than 2 seconds, which
makes the BTS3X more suitable for applications in unstable conditions such as
SDH transmission switching, microwave, satellite transmission, etc.
Protection against long transmission delay on the Abis to support satellites
networking.
2.1.4 Powerful O&M Functions
BTS3X can perform the following O&M functions: software downloading, BTS object
attribute configuration management, equipment management and running status
monitoring.
Local maintenance: provides man machine interface (MMI), and implement
maintenance, monitoring and management to all objects of the BTS through the
local maintenance system.
Remote maintenance: O&M network is made in the GSM system. The authorized
user can use any workstation in the network via the remote maintenance console
to perform remote O&M to BTS NEs in the system.
System state monitoring provides system running indices indication, resource
state indication.
Security management provides MS login authentication, command authority
restriction, unsecured operation indication and user group management.
Test: auto-test of functions, loop-back test.
Upgrade: automatically checks the system for upgrade. System upgrading can
be performed via remote loading. The system can be restored to its previous
version if system upgrading fails.
2.2 Advantages of BTS3X Applications
2.2.1 Large Capacity and Wide Coverage
Large capacity of a single cabinet: BTS30 and BTS3006A can support up to 6
TRXs in the full configuration mode, while both BTS312 and BTS3012A can
support up to 12 TRXs in the full configuration mode.
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When a TRX is configured, the nominal value of transmit power at the antenna
connector is 40 W. When the power boost unit (PBU) is equipped, the nominal
value of transmit power can reach 80 W; When the enhanced duplexer unit
(EDU) is adopted, the RF signal combining consumption can be reduced and theBTS coverage can be expanded.
The dual timeslot expansion function is supported. Theoretically, a maximum
coverage of 120 km can be supported.
2.2.2 Cost Reduction
It supports multiplexing of 15:1, hence greatly reducing transmission cost.
Transmission equipment such as SDH can be integrated with the cabinet,
providing a solution for future upgrade and wideband radio access and reducing
transmission equipment investment. Centralized power supply provides power to various modules in a distributed
way. BTS30 and BTS312 can provide DC +24 V, DC -48 V and AC 220 V to
satisfy different power supply requirements.
BTS3006A and BTS3012A enjoy good performance in outdoor adaptability and
reduced investment in accessories.
1) Multiple cabinet types for BTS3006A and BTS3012A are provided to cater to the
environment features of different areas. BTS3006A includes two types: the
cabinet with an air conditioner (220V AC) and the cabinet with a heat-exchanger
(110V AC with double live line). The BTS3012A includes four types: the cabinet
with an air conditioner (220V AC), the cabinet with an air conditioner (110V AC
with double live line), and the cabinet with a heat-exchanger (220V AC) and the
cabinet with a heat-exchanger (110V AC with double live line).
2) The BTS3006A and BTS3012A enjoy a wide working temperature range. The
working temperature range of the cabinet with an air conditioner is -40oC to
+55oC (environment temperature), and that of the cabinet with a heat exchanger
is -40oC to +50oC (environment temperature).
3) The cabinet supports three-phase and single-phase power supply with wide
voltage range for the 220 V power supply system: 150V AC to 276 V AC, and the
tolerant voltage is 300V AC.4) The cabinet can adopt the double live line input method for the 110V power
supply system (that is, adopt the two live lines with 120 degrees or 180 degrees
phase difference, as shown in Figure 4.1).
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Chapter 2 Product Features
Figure 4.1 110V power supply
5) Designs for waterproof, dustproof, moisture proof, acid proof, mildew proof, and
ultraviolet radiation protection meet the IP55 protection standards.
6) Two types of storage battery box can be selected: built-in storage battery box
and extended storage battery cabinet. The built-in storage battery box is
equipped inside the cabinet. For BTS3012A and BTS3006A, it can be configured
with two 12 V/100 AH and two 12 V/50 AH batteries respectively. They can
supply power to the cabinet for at least 30 and 20 minutes respectively. The
extended storage battery cabinet can be optionally configured to extend the
power supply time.
7) It supports the combined cabinet with three cabinets. BTS3012A supports up to
36 TRXs per site, BTS 3006A supports up to 18 TRXs per site. The combined
cabinet can meet large-capacity service demands.
8) Room of standard 19 inches high, 5U wide (5 44.45 mm), 300 mm deep is
reserved together with cable outlet for microwave and SDH. Small built-in
microwave and SDH transmission equipment can be equipped for diverse
demands of the customers.
Caution:
The temperature range during which the built-in transmission device of the cabinet
can work normally is 0C 55C.
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2.2.3 Smooth Evolution
The BTS3X series can support:
850M, 900M, 1800M, and 1900M services.
Mixed dual band plug-in of 900 MHz and 1800 MHz modules of 6 cells
General packet radio service (GPRS), which helps to realize smooth evolution
from 2G to 2.5G systems.
2.2.4 Multiple Transmission Modes
Multiple built-in transmission modes: 75 ohm/E1, 120 ohm/E1, and SDH. The
BTS has powerful transmission adaptability.
Room for transmission equipment such as the built-in microwave and the SDH is
reserved in the BTS3012A and BTS3006A. Transmission power is also supplied.
Users can select transmission modes according to their demands.
Note:The built-in transmission equipment in the cabinet must meet the requirement of
working long time in the environment temperature of 0 oC55 oC. You can lead out the
24 V DC/220 V DC power supply from the cabinet for the transmission equipment. If it
is the 48 V power supply, the transmission power supply module is needed.
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Chapter 3 Product Introduction
Chapter 3 Product Introduction
3.1 Cabinet Configuration
This section introduces the typical single cabinet configuration of BTS30, BTS312,
BTS3006A and BTS3012A. BTS3X adopts a modular RF structure. Clients can
configure the boards according to the actual site condition by following certain
configuration rule.
3.1.1 BTS30
BTS30 dimensions: 1,600 mm (H) 600 mm (W) 450 mm (D)
Figure 1.1 shows a typical single BTS30 cabinet under full configuration. In the figure,
BTS30 is configured with 3 CDUs, 6 TRXs, 4 power supply units (PSUs), 1 power
monitor unit (PMU), 2 timing/transmission and management units (TMUs), 1
transmission extension power supply unit (TES) and 1 transmission extension unit
(TEU).
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Chapter 3 Product Introduction
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U U
P
M
T
M
U
T
M
U
T
U
E
T
E
S
Switch Box
Air Inlet
Fan Box
Figure 1.1 Typical configuration of BTS30
3.1.2 BTS312
BTS312 Dimensions: 1,880 mm (H) 650 mm (W) 500 mm (D)
Figure 1.1 shows a typical single BTS3012 cabinet under full configuration. In the
figure, BTS312 is configured with 6 CDUs, 12 TRXs, 6 PSUs, 1 PMU, 2 TMUs, 1 TES
and 2 TEUs.
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Chapter 3 Product Introduction
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
CDU
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
TX
RX
TRX
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
S
U
P
M
U
T
M
U
T
M
U
T
U
E
T
U
E
T
E
S
Switch Box
Fan Box
Air Inlet
Fan BoxFan Box
Air Trough
Figure 1.1 Typical configuration of BTS312
3.1.3 BTS3006A
BTS3006A dimensions: 1,700 mm (H) 900 mm (W) 720 mm (D)
BTS3006A can be configured with 3 CDUs, 6 TRXs, 5 PSUs, 1 PMU, 1 TCU, 1 TMU
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and 1 Abis bypass board (ABB) and other auxiliary equipment, including transmission
equipment, power lightning protection filter box in the left of the cabinet, AC/DC power
distribution box, transmission supply unit (TSU) and the built-in battery box.
Switch box
Lightningfilter box
Battery
cabin
AC power
distribution
subrack
Battery cable
inlet
Lightning
protection
subrack
TCU
TMU
ABB
PSU
PSU
PSU
PSU
PSU
PMU
EMU
IPU
TS
U
Transmission
device
subrack
CD
U
CD
U
CDU
T
RX
T
RX
T
RX
T
RX
T
RX
T
RX
Air inlet
FMU
DC power
distribution
subrack
Figure 1.1 Typical configuration of BTS3006A
In addition, BTS3006A can be configured with large capacity extended battery
cabinet. It can hold 12 batteries with nominal voltage of 2 V. The appearance of the
cabinet is shown in Figure 1.2.
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Technical Manual System DescriptionM900/M1800 BTS3X Series Base Transceiver Station
Chapter 3 Product Introduction
Figure 1.2Appearance of storage battery cabinet without front door
3.1.4 BTS3012A
BTS3012A dimensions: 1,700 mm (H) 1,200 mm (W) 1000 mm (D)
Figure 1.1 shows a typical single BTS3012A cabinet under full configuration. As
shown in the figure, the cabinet is configured with 6 CDUs, 12 TRXs, 6 PSUs, 1 PMU,
1 TMU, 1 TCU and 1 Abis bypass board (ABB). The auxiliary equipment cabinet can
be configured with transmission device, power lightning protection filter box at cabinet
back, AC and DC power distribution boxes, voltage regulator, EMUA, transmission
supply unit (TSU), and built-in storage battery box.
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Chapter 3 Product Introduction
FAN
FAN
EMUA
CDU
CDU
CDU
CDU
C
DU
C
DU
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
TRX
T
RX
T
RX
T
RX
T
RX
PSU
PS
U
TSU
E1 lightning
protection
subrack
AC power
distribution
subrack
DC power
distribution
subrack
Battery Cabin
TCU
T
M
U
A
B
B
Transmission
device subrack
FAN FAN
Cable Inlet
Cable
Inlet
Switch Box
PMU
PSU
PSU
PSU
PSU
PSU
Figure 1.1 Typical configuration of BTS3012A
The BTS3012A can also be configured with a large-capacity extended storage battery
cabinet, which can accommodate 12 (or 24) storage batteries with the nominal
voltage of 2 V.
3.2 BTS3X System Architecture
BTS3X supports the following functions:
Connecting with the base station controller (BSC) via the Abis interface to
coordinate with BSC in radio resource management, radio parameter
management and interface management
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Communicating with the mobile station (MS) via the Um interface to realize radio
transmission and related control between BTS and MS
Figure 1.1 shows the system architecture of BTS30/312 equipped with TEU and TES.
TRX
TRX
TRX
CDU
CDU
ECDU
FHBU
S
TTA TTA
TTA TTA
TTA TTA
PMUPSU
FMU
TDU
TMU
TEU TES
Abis
E1
Fiber(Optinal)
Common Unit Signaling Processor Unit Antenna Feeder Unit
External Alarm
Um
CBUS/TBUS/DBUS
BSC
ABB&ABA
PBU
Figure 1.1 BTS30/312 system architecture
The following further explains the above figure:
1) The boards indicated by dotted blocks are optional:
There are 2 TMU slots on BTS30/BTS312 working in active/standby mode. The
standby TMU can be configured as required. TEU and TES, if configured, provide built-in optical transmission. ABB and Abis
bypass assistant board (ABA), if configured, provide the Abis bypass function.
Because ABB and ABA must be installed in the slots hosting TEU and TES, you
have to select one of the two functions.
Generally, the triplex TTA is adopted.
2) To meet the requirements in multiple frequency bands and coverage, there are
many types of combining and distribution units, including CDU, ECDU, enhanced
duplexer unit (EDU), railway GSM enhanced combining and distribution unit
(RCDU), railway enhanced duplexer unit (REDU), multi distribution unit (MDU),
simple combining unit (SCU), and enhanced simple combining unit (ESCU).
3) The PBU only supports the power amplification of 40 W TRX at GSM900 MHz
and GSM1800 MHz.
4) TEU is the generic term for boards realizing multiple optical transmission modes.
It includes boards access SDH unit (ASU) and passive transmission board (PAT)
that provide 155 M SDH and passive optical transmission respectively.
5) The system architecture of BTS3012A and BTS3006A is similar to that of
BTS30/BTS312. They only differ in the architecture of common subsystem.
Figure 5.1 shows the logical architecture of the common subsystem when an
ABB is installed. For the BTS3012A and BTS3006A, the ABB is optional, while
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Technical Manual System DescriptionM900/M1800 BTS3X Series Base Transceiver Station
Chapter 3 Product Introduction
no TEU, TES, ABA or standby TMU can be configured in the cabinet.
PMUPSU
FMU
Abis
E1
Common subsystem
ABB
TMU
Figure 5.1Architecture of common subsystem in BTS3012A/BTS3006A
Note:
The Abis transmission bypass function can be performed in BTS chain networking
environment:
When the site (excluding the last level) adopting ABB is powered down, ABB is
responsible to bypass the site on the Abis transmission line so as to keep the
working of other sites on the Abis transmission line normal.
When ABB is located in the last level site of the chain networking environment, if
the site is powered down, ABB is responsible to loop back the Abis transmission
line.
The BTS3X series of BTS are composed of the following subsystems:
I. Common Subsystem
The common subsystem is composed of boards such as TMU, PSU and PMU. It
performs the following functions:
Managing and controlling other subsystems and modules
Collecting alarm information
Providing multiple basic clocks for other subsystems and modules
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Chapter 3 Product Introduction
Board abbreviation Full name
EMU Environment Monitor Module
EMUA Environment Monitoring Unit Analyzer
ESCU Enhanced Simple Combining Unit
MDU Multi Combining and Distribution Unit
PAT Passive Transmission Board
PBU Power Boost Unit
PMU Power Monitor Unit
PSU Power Supply Unit
RCDU Railway GSM Enhanced Combining and Distribution Unit
REDU RGSM Enhanced Duplexer Unit
SCU Simple Combining Unit
TCU Temperature Control Unit
TDU Time Distribution Unit
TEU Transmission Extension Unit
TES Transmission Extension Power Supply Unit
TMU Timing/Transmission and Management Unit
TRX Transceiver Unit
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Chapter 4 Functions
Chapter 4 Functions
4.1 Basic Functions
This section describes the basic functions of the BTS3X series.
4.1.1 Basic Software Functions
The basic software functions of the BTS3X series include:
850M, 900M, 1800M, 1900M services
EGSM, RGSM extended frequency service
All data services prescribed in Phase II+
GPRS basic services
EDGE basic services, MSC1 MSC9 coding and encoding schemes
Support of Phase I/Phase II /Phase II+ compatible LAPDm protocols
CS-1/CS-2/CS-3/CS-4 radio channel coding schemes
Phase I/Phase II/ Phase II+ compatible system information broadcasting and
resource indication
Full rate (FR), enhanced full rate (EFR), half rate (HR) data services, adaptivemultirate (AMR) services, and all the other types of FR data services
Broadcasting short messages and point-to-point short messages
Paging queue
A5/1, A5/2 encryption/decryption
Basic data dynamic configuration
Dynamic resource management
Measurement report preprocessing
10:1, 12:1 and 15:1 signaling multiplexing on the Abis interface
BCCH frequency mutual-aid
Immediate assignment combination, paging combination and paging resend
functions, boosting the radio channel utilization
Voice activity detection (VAD) based discontinuous transmission (DTX) and
discontinuous reception (DRX)
Omnidirectional cell and directional cell
Chain, tree, star and ring networking modes supported
Support of locked, fast pull-in, holdover and free run clock modes
Synchronous, asynchronous and quasi-synchronous handover
Um interface tracing and internal interface tracing
Remote and local loading of software
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Chapter 4 Functions
Dynamic and static power control
Support of satellite transmission and support of 16 k signaling transmission on
the Abis interface
Support of extended cell functions Uplink frequency scanning
Support of Huawei power control algorithm II
Multi-cell configuration with up to 12 cells
Timeslot-based baseband frequency hopping and RF hopping
Support of class 3 handsets with large power
Support Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR), support AMR FR and AMR HR
4.1.2 Basic Hardware Functions
Basic hardware functions of BTS3X series include:
Eight E1 ports and twelve antenna feeders ports
Support of battery management
Support of both 900 MHz and 1800 MHz modules in one cell, in total for 6 cells
Lightning protection at trunk ports, power ports, and RF ports
E1 bypass function after the power-off of the BTS3X
BTS3X bar code report and software/hardware version report of some boards
The TMU auto-check of the central frequency of the crystal oscillator
Clock backup and switchover of master and slave clocks
Clock fast pull-in mode E1 self-loop test and RF self-loop test
4.2 Networking Functions
BTS3X has flexible networking modes. It can support multiple transmission modes:
E1, SDH, HDSL, microwave and satellite transmission.
4.2.1 E1 Networking
When networked via E1, BTS3X supports star, tree and chain networking. E1
networking is shown in IFigure 1.1, IIFigure 1.1, and IIIFigure 1.1, where each line
indicates a bi-directional E1 line.
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Chapter 4 Functions
I. Star Networking
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
Figure 1.1 BTS3X E1 star networking
II. Tree Networking
BSC
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
Figure 1.1 BTS3X E1 tree networking
III. Chain Networking
BSC BTS BTS BTS
Figure 1.1 BTS3X E1 chain networking
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Chapter 4 Functions
IV. Ring Networking
BSC BTS BTS BTS
Figure 1.1 BTS3X E1 chain networking
4.2.2 SDH Networking
When networked via SDH, BTS3X supports chain and ring networking. SDH
networking is shown in IFigure 1.1 and IIFigure 1.1, where each line indicates an E1,
and each pair of lines indicates a pair of optical fibers.
I. Chain Networking
Figure 1.1 BTS3X SDH chain networking
II. Ring Networking
Figure 1.1 BTS3X SDH ring networking
4.2.3 Satellite Transmission Networking
In areas lacking transportation facilities, ordinary BTS cannot satisfy the requirements
due to restriction of conventional transmission technology. Therefore, GSM services
cannot be provided. Adopting the satellite transmission networking mode in these
areas will make the transmission effective and economic. Figure 1.1 shows the
satellite transmission networking.
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Chapter 4 Functions
PCH: Paging Channel
RACH: Random Access Channel
AGCH: Access Grant Channel
PPCH: Packet Paging channel PRACH: Packet Random access channel
PRAGCH: Packet Access grant channel
PTCCH: Packet Timing advance control channel
SDCCH/8: Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel, eight of them mapped on a
separate basic physical channel
SACCH/C8: Slow SDCCH/8 Associated Control Channel
SACCH/TF: Slow TCH/F Associated Control Channel
FACCH/F: Full rate Fast Associated Control Channel
SDCCH/4: Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel, four of them mapped on the
same basic physical channel as the CCCH
SACCH/C4: Slow, SDCCH/4 Associated Control Channel
CBCH: Cell Broadcast Channel
II. Channel Combinations Supported
TCH/F + FACCH/F + SACCH/TF
TCH/H(0,1) + FACCH/H(0,1) + SACCH/TH(0,1)
TCH/H(0,0) + FACCH/H(0,1) + SACCH/TH(0,1) + TCH/H(1,1)
FCCH+SCH+BCCH+CCCH
FCCH+SCH+BCCH+CCCH+SDCCH/4+SACCH/C4 BCCH+CCCH
SDCCH/8+SACCH/8
SDCCH/8+SACCH/8+CBCH
FCCH+SCH+BCCH+CCCH+SDCCH/4+SACCH/C4+CBCH
PBCCH+PCCCH+PDTCH+PACCH+PTCCH
PCCCH+PDTCH+PACCH+PTCCH
PDTCH+PACCH+PTCCH
Note:CCCH=PCH+RACH+AGCH
PCCCH=PPCH+PRACH+PAGCH
4.3.2 Diversity Receiving
A radio channel is a random time-variable channel with fading features. The diversity
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Chapter 4 Functions
requirement, the static power control should be adjusted so as to raise the maximum
output power of dynamic power control.
4.3.5 Discontinuous Transmission
There are two transmission modes in the GSM system:
One is the normal mode, in which noise has the same transmission quality as
voice.
The other is discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode, in which MS only sends
the encoded background noise that is called "comfortable noise".
The utilization of DTX can meet the requirement for system measurement and can
make the called feel that the call is not disconnected.
BTS3X adopts voice activation detection (VAD) technology to distinguish voice from
noise.
4.3.6 AMR
BTS3X supports Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR). AMR is a set of multiple voice Codec
algorithms. Different Codec algorithm generates different rate voice code stream. The
BTS and MS can automatically choose a proper Codec algorithm according to the
actual radio environment to adjust the rate. Thus the voice quality of the radio
communication system is improved.
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Chapter 5 Reliability Design
Chapter 5 Reliability Design
5.1 System Reliability Design
I. Rating-Lowering Design
The strict rating-lowering design is applied to power and easily overheated devices to
make the electrical stress and temperature stress in practical utilization lower than the
set rating. This postpones the degradation of parameters and prolongs their life span.
II. Heat Design
Through parts selection, circuit design, structure design, and heat dissipation design,
the impact of temperature change on product performance is reduced and reliable
operation of the product in a wider temperature range is ensured.
III. EMC Design
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design prevents equipment from inhibited
degradation caused by electromagnetic transmission of other equipment in the same
electromagnetic environment. It also prevents other equipment, subsystems, and
systems in the same electromagnetic environment from inhibited degradation caused
by the electromagnetic transmission of the equipment.
IV. System Fault Monitoring and Handling
The system can auto-test and diagnose software and hardware fault, and report
alarms. It can record and output the fault records for print. It collects environment
conditions and report alarms when it detects problems. When TMU is faulty, the
system can test the major faults and report alarms while keeping the communication
between BTS and BSC.
V. System Fault Protection
A fault of any module will not lead to destructive fault of other modules. Major faults
can be reported in time.
VI. System Maintainability Design
Reasonable BTS internal cabling facilitates board replacement during fault handling.
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Chapter 5 Reliability Design
During board replacement, you can only disconnect the cables of the faulty boards.
When replacing boards, main boards can be plugged in or pulled out from the front of
the cabinet.
By indicator states, you can judge whether the equipment operation is normal.
VII. Running Environment Protection Design
The system provides the following functions for the PSU and the transmit power
equipment:
Input over- and under-voltage protection
Output over-voltage protection
Output short-circuited protection
Output overload protection Excess temperature protection
For the DC input transmit power, it has input reverse polarity protection to guarantee
system safety.
5.2 Hardware Reliability Design
5.2.1 Board Coding Key Design
When a functional board is mistakenly inserted into the slot of the functional board of
another kind, the mistakenly inserted board cannot make normal contact with the
backplane. The coding key is adopted to protect the equipment against damage.
5.2.2 Power System Reliability Design
I. Uninterrupted Power Supply Design
For BTS using AC power supply, the outdoor BTS can work for some time by using
the storage battery equipped to keep the operation of equipment during this time
when external mains supply is powered off. The BTS sends mains supply power off
alarm signal to the BAM in the meantime, and handles the alarm according to the
actual situation.
BTS3006A/BTS3012A has built-in transmit power to provide -48 V power for
transmission equipment. To improve reliability, 1+1 backup working mode may be
adopted for the transmit power. When one of the modules is faulty, it automatically
exits the power supply system, while another module provides output to all -48V load
and sends the module faulty alarm information to the BAM.
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Chapter 5 Reliability Design
II. Distributed Power Supply Design
Distributed power supply for load is adopted inside the system. The key power supply
path, AC/DC part, adopts N+1 backup working mode. If one of the modules in AC/DC
part is faulty, alarm information can be sent to the BAM, and onsite hot swappable
replacement is supported.
5.2.3 Abis Communication Bypass Design
When BTS is in chain networking environment and its power fails, the Abis
transmission bypass board in the BTS can bypass the transmission line of the TMU
board internally, hence avoiding long-time service disruption of all the sites under this
BTS.
5.3 Software Reliability Design
I. Scheduled Check of Key Resources
For software resources in the system, the verifying mechanism for long-time
occupation is applied among the modules. In case of resources unavailable due to
software exception, the verifying mechanism can ensure the release of unavailable
resources and the output of various logs and alarms.
II. Fault Isolation Feature
Software design features module fault isolation. The error in some software module is
only restricted in the module and does not lead to fault in other software modules.
The software can tolerate faults and correct errors. Abnormal operation of minor
software does not cause system restart or reset.
III. Data Check
Consistency check of user input data guarantees the correctness of reference
relation among the data. When the system detects data modification failure in some stage, it will restore
the related data to the initial state for data consistency.
IV. Process Monitoring
During software operations, output channels are provided for internal software errors
and part of hardware errors, which is defined as the process monitoring mechanism.
This mechanism can monitor the running state of tasks, handle system abnormalities
and report to the external devices.
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Chapter 6 O&M System
Chapter 6 O&M System
6.1 O&M Architecture
6.1.1 Overview
As shown in Figure 1.1, BTS can provide two maintenance modes:
Local maintenance
Remote maintenance
Local Maintenance
Console
Remote Maintenance
Console
MMI
MMI
BTS
BTS
BSC
Abis
Abis
OMC
Server
Hub
Remote Maintenance
Console
Figure 1.1 BTS O&M structure
6.1.2 Local Maintenance
Local maintenance refers to the maintenance mode in which PCs are connected to
BTS through serial port cables and implement maintenance operations to the BTS, as
shown in 6.1.1 IFigure 1.1.
The local maintenance console can only be accessed after the local maintenancesoftware is loaded to PCs. The BTS local maintenance is carried out based on
different logical objects of the BTS, including site, cell, carrier, and baseband. Direct
operations can also be performed on boards. Real-time alarm messages can be
obtained at the same time.
6.1.3 Remote Maintenance
Remote maintenance is performed through OMC. PCs are connected to BSC via
OMC network and are connected subsequently to BTS via the Abis interface, as
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Chapter 6 O&M System
shown in 6.1.1 IFigure 1.1.
The remote maintenance console can only be accessed via OMC Shell of the
workstation (WS). The user interface of the BTS remote maintenance console uses
topological structure, where names, categories, locations, numbers, equipment types
and running states (normal, alarm, etc.) of all NEs in the mobile network can be
browsed. You can specify an NE to be maintained and check its detailed performance
data, alarm data and configuration data. You can also implement operations and
maintenance on certain types of NEs through the topological map.
6.2 O&M Functions
The BTS3X O&M system provides powerful O&M functions to meet your
requirements in equipment performance and maintenance. These functions include:
Security management
Alarm management
Maintenance management
Performance measurement and test
6.2.1 Security Management
Various remote maintenance operations can be implemented through the O&M
system. The system provides powerful security management to execute O&M control
over the equipment in order to avoid unauthorized operations that may affect normal
performance of the equipment.
To perform operations and maintenance on the BTS, you have to log in and go
through authentication. The system provides an authorization system on multiple
levels to ensure that only authorized users can execute relevant commands for O&M.
Meanwhile, dialog boxes are prompted before any important O&M command is
executed to get confirmation for the potential problems due to the operations.
6.2.2 Alarm Management
The BTS O&M system provides highlighted alarm windows and powerful real-time
alarm management functions, such as collection, clearing, query, processing, saving,
explanation, prompting, shielding, filtering, acknowledging, and analyzing. Besides, it
provides an on-line help information system and stage filtering system to help you
quickly locate faults. It also provides alarm recovery methods.
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Chapter 6 O&M System
6.2.3 Maintenance Management
The operation & maintenance center (OMC) implements management over the whole
BSS through BSC. For the OMC, the BTS is highly visible. BTS can check and locateinternal errors so that BSC can implement maintenance to it without knowing the
internal structure of each BTS.
6.2.4 Performance Measurement and Test
The O&M system can implement performance measurement and test to the entities
so as to collect BTS running states data and perform accurate analysis on the running
states.
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
7.1 Engineering Specifications of BTS3X Cabinet
The cabinet engineering specifications of BTS30 are shown in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 BTS30 cabinet engineering specifications
Parameter Specifications
Cabinet dimensions Height 1600 mm
Width 600 mm
Depth 450 mm
Weight 180 kg (a single cabinet under full configuration)
Power consumption 1200 W (a single cabinet under full configuration)
Working environment
temperature
-5C to +45C
Working environment relative
humidity
15% to 85%
Clock Frequency: 1.3 107 Hz, with precision higher than
0.05 ppm at delivery
Temperature drift: < 5 10-8 (0C to 70C)
Annual aging rate:< 1 10-7
Input power supply 220 V AC: 150 V AC to 280 V AC/47 Hz to 63 Hz
-48 V DC: 40 V DC to -60 V DC
24 V DC: 19 V DC to 29 V DC
Security performance In compliance with IEC60950 standard
Earthquake-proof
performance
In compliance with IEC Class 4M3 standard
EMC In compliance with ETS 300-342-3 corresponding
standard
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
The cabinet engineering specifications of BTS312 are shown in Table 1.2.
Table 1.2 BTS312 cabinet engineering specifications
Parameter Specifications
Cabinet dimensions Height 1880 mm
Width 650 mm
Depth 500 mm
Weight 330 kg (a single cabinet under full configuration)
Power consumption 2400 W (a single cabinet under full configuration)
Working environment
temperature
-5C to +45C
Working environment
relative humidity
15% to 85%
Clock Frequency: 1.3 107 Hz, with precision higher than
0.05 ppm at delivery
Temperature drift: < 5 10-8 (0C to 70C)
Annual aging rate:< 1 10-7
Input power 220 V AC: 150 V AC to 280 V AC/47 Hz to 63 Hz.
-48 V DC -40 V DC to -60 V DC
24 V DC: 19 V DC to 29 V DC
Security In compliance with IEC60950 standard
Earthquake-proof
performance
In compliance with IEC Class 4M3 standard
EMC In compliance with ETS 300-342-3 related standard
The cabinet engineering specifications of BTS3006A are shown in Table 1.3.
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Table 1.3 BTS3006A cabinet engineering specifications
Parameter Specifications
Cabinet dimensions Height 1700 mm
Width 900 mm
Depth 720 mm
Weight 390 kg (a single cabinet under full configuration,
including built-in batteries)
250 kg (assembly cabinet)
Power consumption 1900W (when the heat exchanger is not working)
2300W (when the heat exchanger is exchanging
the heat)
3500W (when the heat exchanger is heating the
cabinet)
Working environment
temperature
-40C +50C
Storage temperature -40C +70C
Working environment
relative humidity
5% 100%
Clock Frequency: 1.3 107Hz, with precision at delivery
higher than 0.05 ppm
Temperature drift:
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Parameter Specifications
Earthquake-proof
performance
In compliance with IEC Class 4M3 standard
EMC In compliance with ETS 300-342-3 related standard
Waterproof and dustproof
performance
In compliance with IP55 standard
The cabinet engineering specifications of BTS3012A are shown in Table 1.4.
Table 1.4 BTS3012A cabinet engineering specifications
Parameter Specifications
Cabinet dimensions Height 1700 mm
Width 1200 mm
Depth 1000 mm
Weight 650 kg (a single cabinet under full configuration,
including storage batteries)
420 kg (assembly cabinet)
Power consumption Power consumption of a full configuration cabinet:
3500 W (when the air conditioner/the heat
exchanger is not working)
5500 W (when the air conditioner is cooling the
cabinet)
6100 W (when the air conditioner is heating the
cabinet)
4150 W (when the heat exchanger is exchangingthe heat)
6240 W (when the heat exchanger is heating the
cabinet)
Working environment
temperature
Cabinet with an air conditioner: -40C to +55C
Cabinet with an heat exchanger: -40C to +45C
Storage battery cabinet: -20C to +45C
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Parameter Specifications
Startup temperature BTS3012A can be started at -40C. The startup time
is less than 2 hours after the BTS is heated to -10
C.
Storage temperature -40C to +70C
Working environment
relative humidity
5% to 95%
Clock Frequency: 1.3 107 Hz, with precision at delivery
higher than 0.05 ppm
Temperature drift: < 5 10-8 (0C to 70C)
Annual aging rate:< 1 10-7
Input power Normal working voltage: 90 V AC to 276 V AC/47 Hz
to 53 Hz
Tolerant voltage: 300V AC
Security In compliance with IEC60950 standard
Earthquake-proof
performance
In compliance with IEC Class 4M3 standard
EMC In compliance with ETS 300-342-3 related standard
Waterproof and dustproof
performance
In compliance with IP55 standard
7.2 Performance Specifications of BTS3X Cabinet
The performance specifications of BTS3X cabinet are shown in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Performance specifications of BTS3X cabinet
Performance
classification
Parameter Specifications
System indices Channel capacity 8CH/TRX
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Performance
classification
Parameter Specifications
Frequency band GSM850:
Uplink: 824 MHz to 849 MHz
Downlink: 869 MHz to 894 MHz
GSM900:
Uplink: 890 MHz to 915 MHz
Downlink: 935 MHz to 960 MHz
GSM1800:
Uplink: 1,710 MHz to 1,785 MHz
Downlink: 1,805 MHz to1,880 MHz
GSM1900:
Uplink: 1,850 MHz to 1,910 MHz
Downlink: 1,930 MHz to1,990 MHz
RGSM:
Uplink: 876 MHz to 915 MHz
Downlink: 921 MHz to 960 MHz
Receiving
performance
Static receive
sensitivity
GSM850: -110dBm
GSM900: -110dBm
GSM1800: -109dBm
GSM1900: -109dBm
RGSM: -110dBm
Block feature Satisfies requirement of GSM11.21 protocol
Anti-interference
feature
Satisfies requirement of GSM11.21 protocol
Intermodulation
suppression
Satisfies requirement of GSM11.21 protocol
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Performance
classification
Parameter Specifications
Stray radiation Satisfies requirement of GSM11.21 protocol
Transmitting
performance
Maximum transmit
power of each
TRX
40W TRX: 46.0 dBm
60W TRX: 47.8 dBm
40W TRX + PBU: 49.0 dBm
ETR: 46.0 dBm (8PSK)/47.8 dBm (GMSK)
Absolute transmit
power precision
2 0.5 dB (temperature within normal
range)
2 1 dB (temperature out of normal
range)
Static power
control range
Level 0 to 10
Dynamic power
control range
Level 0 to 15
Transmit spectrum Satisfies requirement of GSM11.21 protocol
Intermodulationsuppression
Satisfies requirement of GSM11.21 protocol
Stray radiation Satisfies requirement of GSM11.21 protocol
Frequency error 0.05 ppm
Phase error 5 (rms)
20 (peak)
7.3 External Physical Interfaces
The external physical interfaces of BTS30 and BTS312 are shown in Table 1.1.
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Table 1.1 External physical interfaces of BTS30 and BTS312
Interface Type Quantity Function realized
Abis interface E1 8 pairs
Provides 75 ohm/120ohm E1 interface
Supports cascading
Provides O&M link
(OML)
STM-1 2 pairs Provides SDH optical
transmission
interface
Supports cascading
Provides OML
Clock interface
(CLK)
FCLK 1 FCLK test port
13 MCLK 1 13 MHz clock test port
SYNC 1 External synchronization
input end (satellite)
Maintenance
interface
MMI Serial
port
1 Provides local
maintenance channel
Power and
grounding
Power supply 3 power input
modes
-48 VDC input power
+24VDC input power
220 VAC input power
Grounding 1 PGND
Feeder cable
interface
RF signal 12 Feeder input port
Combined cabinet
interface
Data bus
interface
2 Data bus interface
DCF1 and DCF2
Clock bus
interface
2 Combined cabinet clock
bus interface CKB1 and
CKB2
Combined
cabinet
cascading
interface
6 CDU combined cabinet
cascading interface
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Interface Type Quantity Function realized
Management
signal interface
Alarm 2 External alarm
interface EAC1 and
EAC2
Can be connected to
environment monitor
Storage
battery
management
1 Connects to storage
power pool signal
PWRC
The external physical interfaces of BTS3006A are shown in Table 1.2.
Table 1.2 BTS3006A external physical interfaces
Interface Type Quantity Function realized
Abis interface E1 4 pairs Provides 75 ohm/120 ohm
E1 interface
Supports cascading
Provides OML
Clock interface(CLK)
FCLK 1 FCLK test port
13 MCLK 1 13 MHz clock test port
Maintenance
interface
MMI serial
port
1 Provides near end maintenance
channel
Power and
grounding
Power supply 1 It can be used as the input port
for 220 V AC/110V AC power
supply.
PGND 1 1 grounding interface
Feeder cable
interface
RF signal 6 Feeder input interface
The external physical interfaces of BTS3012A are shown in Table 1.3.
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Chapter 7 Technical Specifications
Table 1.3 BTS3012A external physical interfaces
Interface Type Quantity Function realized
Abis interface E1 4 pairs
Provides 75-ohm/120-ohmE1 interface
Supports cascading
Provides OML
Clock interface
(CLK)
FCLK 1 FCLK test port
13 MCLK 1 13 MHz clock test port
Maintenance
interface
MMI serial
port
1 Provides near end maintenance
channel
Power and
grounding
Power supply 1 It can be used as the input port
for 220 V AC/110V AC power
supply.
PGND 1 1 grounding interface
Feeder cable
interface
RF signal 12 Feeder input interface