WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA01 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA02 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA04 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA05 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA06 UMTS Release 99 3GPP is responsible, among others, for the standardization of the UMTS. In December 1999, the first UMTS Release, the so-called Release 99, was frozen. UMTS Rel. 99 is based on the large experience of GSM/GPRS standardization, taking over many principles of the matured GSM/GPRS networks, protocols and service architecture. The UMTS Rel. 99 network consists of a slightly modified, advanced and matured GSM/GPRS Core Network (CS & PS Domain), the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network UTRAN and the User Equipment UE. UMTS Release 4 Continuing the 3GPP evolution, Release 4enhanced UMTS 2001 via several features, e.g.: Bearer independent CS Core Network CAMEL Phase 4 UTRA FDD repeater function low chip rate TDD mode 700 MHz support for GERAN Transcoder Free Operation UMTS Release 5 UMTS Release 5 has been closed end of 2002, including several Core Network and Radio Interface enhancements such as: High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA); peak rates up to 14 Mbps IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Wideband AMR Location Services enhancements UMTS in 1800/1900 MHz bands UMTS Release 6 UMTS Release 6 was frozen 09/2005, containing features such as: FDD Enhanced Uplink (HSUPA); peak rates up to 5.76 Mbps WLAN-UMTS Interworking IMS Phase 2 Multimedia Messaging (MMS) enhancements Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) UE Receive Diversity WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA07 3GPP Release 7 3GPP Release 7 has been closed end of 2007, including important UMTS/HSPA enhancements, improving the UMTS peak rates and spectral efficiency: Higher order Modulation: 64QAM for the DL (up to 21 Mbps); 16QAM for the UL (up to 11.5 Mbps) 2x2 MIMO (up to 28 Mbps, without higher order modulation schemes) Network Architecture Improvements: Direct Tunneling GGSN - RNC Continuous Packet Connectivity CPC / VoIP Enhanced UE Receiver Enhanced Cell_FACH Flexible RLC in DL 3GPP Release 8 3GPP Release 8 was frozen 03/2009, containing further HSPA(+) improvements as well as the UMTS Long Term Evolution LTE and the Evolved Packet System EPS: LTE (up to 30326 Mbps in DL and 86.4 Mbps in UL) EPS Dual-Cell HSDPA (up to 42 Mbps) Combination of 2x2 MIMO and 64QAM (up to 42 Mbps) 3GPP Release 9 3GPP Release 9 has been closed end of 2009, including HSPA+ enhancements and initial LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) definitions.Dual-Cell HSDPA, 2x2 MIMO & 64QAM (up to 84 Mbps) Dual-Carrier HSUPA (UL: up to 23 Mbps) 3GPP Release 10 Multi-Carrier HSPA for UL & DL was performed3GPP Release 10 has been closed early 2011; central focus was on LTE-Advanced; furthermore, definition ofLTE-Advanced (up to 1 Gbps DL & 500 Mbps UL for low mobility/Indoor) as IMT-Advanced proposalMulti-Carrier HSDPA (DL: up to 3 or 4 carrier delivering up to 126resp. 168 Mbps) WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA08 3GPP Release 11 3GPP Release 11 was closed 09/2012; enhancements of Multi-Carrier HSPA for UL & DL are done Multi-Carrier HSDPA (DL: up to 8 carriers delivering up to 336Mbps) Multi-Carrier HSUPA (UL: up to 4 carriers delivering up to 69Mbps, with MIMO 2x2 and 64QAM) LTE-Advanced Coverage & Capacity optimization 3GPP Release 12 3GPP Release is expected to be closed middle 2014, including HSPA+ and LTE-Advanced Enhancements Multi-Carrier HSDPA (DL: up to 8 carriers delivering up to 672Mbps with MIMO 4x4) Multi-Carrier HSUPA (UL: up to 4 carriers delivering up to 69Mbps, with MIMO 2x2 and 64QAM) LTE-Advanced Coverage & Capacity optimization WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA09 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA010 RecommendationITU-RM.1036-4 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA011 The allocation of frequency bands for FDD WCDMA is specified by 3GPP in TS25.104. 3GPP release 99 specifies operating bands I and II. Release 5 specifies operating bands I, II and III. Release 6 specifies operating bands I, II, III, IV, V and VI. Operating band I is at 2100 MHz and represents the core 3G spectrum allocation. Operating band II is at 1900 MHz and helps to satisfy the requirements of America. Operating band V is at 850 MHz and represents an extension band for future use. Duplex spacings vary from 45 MHz for operating bands V and VI, to 400 MHz for operating band IV. Larger spacings increase the importance of treating the uplink and downlink propagation separately. Nokia supports WCDMA 2100 with RAN1.5.2.ED2, WCDMA 1900 with RAN04 (Node B software WN2.ED2) and WCDMA 850 with RAS05 (Node B software WN3). The UARFCN identifies the RF carrier on a 200 kHz raster. The 200 kHz raster can be used for fine tuning the position of the RF carrier. Operating bands II and IV, V and VI have additional RF carrier positions defined with a different UARFCN numbering scheme. Directed Emergency Call Inter-System Handover (EMISHO) is supported by Nokia for WCDMA 1900 and 850. EMISHO allows GSM location based services to be used in American markets where there are stringent location based service requirements for emergency calls. Nokias solution for WCDMA 2100 supports both 20 W and 40 W WPA. Nokias solution for WCDMA 1900 and 850 supports only 40 W WPA. The majority of link budget assumptions are the same for all operating bands. Antenna gains and feeder losses tend to be lower at lower frequencies. Building penetration losses and indoor standard deviations can be assumed to be equal for each of the frequency bands although these assumptions tend to be country specific. The use of 40 W WPA for WCDMA 1900 and 850 means that downlink transmit powers are typically 3 dB greater. MHA may not be used in band V as a result of the reduced feeder loss at 850 MHz. The air-interface propagation loss is less for the lower operating bands. In the case of Okumura-Hata, the frequency dependant terms result in approximately 12 dB difference between the WCDMA 2100 and 850 path loss figures for a specific cell range. Propagation model, clutter dependant correction factors may be assumed to increase at lower frequencies, i.e. for WCDMA 850. The Nokia Flexi WCDMA Base Station will be available for frequencies 2100 MHz, 1700 MHz, 1800 MHz and 1700/2100 MHz in the second half of 2006. In the first half of 2007, further frequencies, including 850 MHz, 900 MHz and 1900 MHz will be available, where after other frequencies will be added based on market need. WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA012 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA013 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA014 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA015 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA016 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA017 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA018 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA019 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA020 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA021 Energy = (Power/Hz)*FrequencyBand*Time WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA022 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA023 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA024 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA025 DL Scrambling Codes Pseudo noise codes used for cell separation 512 Primary Scrambling Codes UL Scrambling Codes Two different types of UL scrambling codes are generated Long scrambling codes of length of 38 400 chips = 10 ms radio frame Short scrambling codes of length of 256 chips are periodically repeated to get the scrambling code of the frame length Short codes enable advanced receiver structures in future WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA026 My Notes: Here in DL, SC is used to differentiate between different cells. So Pilot, Broadcast, user channels are all multiplexed to one scrambling code. WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA027 Walsh-Hadamard codes: orthogonal variable spreading factor codes (OVSF codes) SF for the DL transmission in FDD mode = {4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512} SF for the UL transmission in FDD mode = {4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256}Good orthogonality properties: cross correlation value for each code pair in the code set equals 0 In theoretical environment users of one cell do not interfere each other in DL In practical multipath environment orthogonality is partly lost Interference between users of same cell Orthogonal codes are suited for channel separation, where synchronisation between different channels can be guaranteed Downlink channels under one cell Uplink channels from a single user Orthogonal codes have bad auto correlation properties and thus not suited in an asynchronous environment Scrambling code required to separate signals between cells in DL and users in UL WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA028 Rb_phy includes DPDCH (User data + L3 control) + Error protection + DPCCH (L1 control) WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA029 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA030 Code is the combines scrambling (cell 1 or 2) and spreading code (physical channel) WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA031 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA032 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA033 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA034 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA035 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA036 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA037 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA038 IOT:Inter-Operability Testing WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA039 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA040 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA041 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA042 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA043 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA044 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA045 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA046 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA047 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA048 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA049 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA050 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA051 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA052 Here there is no DL data channel, so it is only control channel; thus it is transmitted for several users at same time on F-DPCH (DL) The sent data is TPC, which controls UL power for UL DPDCH & UL DPCCH WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA053 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA054 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA055 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA056 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA057 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA058

WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA059 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA060 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA061 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA062 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA063 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA064 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA065 Power Management/Control for E-DCH No special power management/control mechanism is needed for E-DCH. Power Control: DPDCH & DPCCH The initial UL DPCCH transmit power is set by higher layers. Subsequently the UL transmit power control procedure simultaneously controls the power of a DPCCH & its corresponding DPDCHs (if present). The relative transmit power offset between DPCCH & DPDCHs is determined by the network and is computed using the gain factors signalled to the UE using higher layer signaling. The operation of the inner power control loop, adjusts the power of the DPCCH & DPDCHs by the same amount, provided there are no changes in gain factors. ... Setting of the UL E-DPCCH and E-DPDCH powers relative to DPCCH power. The power of the E-DPCCH and the E-DPDCH(s) is set in relation to the DPCCH. For this purpose, gain factors are used for scaling the UL channels relative to each other. During the operation of the UL power control procedure the UE transmit power shall not exceed amax. allowed value which is the lower out of the max. output power of the terminal power class and avalue which may be set by higher layer signaling. UL power control shall be performed while the UE transmit power is below the max. allowed output power. Achievable data rate is limited by the code configurations as shown in the table and by the available uplink TX power. The latter could be limited by the UE itself (Ptx,maxUE) or by parameter (maxPtx,cell) WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA066 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA067 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA068 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA069 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA070 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA071 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA072 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA073 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA074 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA075 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA076 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA077 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA078 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA079 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA080 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA081 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA082 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA083 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA084 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA085 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA086 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA087 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA088 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA089 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA090 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA091 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA092 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA093 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA094 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA095 HSDPA HSDPA stands for High Speed Downlink Packet Access. As the name suggests, this is a piece of UMTS functionality designed to deliver downlink packet data at very high data rates. It is a release 5 feature. It achieves its aim by using the following techniques: Use of shared channel concept Rather than constantly allocating and deallocating dedicated channels to individual users, users share a high bandwidth channel the HS-DSCH (High Speed Downlink Shared Channel). This allows the system to operate with a fat pipe WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA096 WCDMAHSPA Fundamentals_RU50_new Format_final RN31541EN50GLA097