These structures are called Organelles.

....they actually do work for the cell, by carrying out life functions.

Organelles vary in size

They became visible to the scientist with the advancement of scientific technique and equipment.

Ex.) compound light microscope, electron microscope and centrifuge

Just like the Organs of your body, organelles work together to perform specialized functions that help maintain HOMEOSTASIS within the cell.

Homeostasis is a balance or steady state both inside and outside the cell that helps an organism to survive.

Failure of homeostasis is known as disease!

Day 2

Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex?

1. cells → tissues → organs → organ systems2. tissues → organisms → cells → organ

systems3. cells → tissues → organ systems → organs4. organs → organisms → organ systems →

cells

1. cell2. tissue3. organ4. system

1. The cell membrane forms a boundary that separates the cellular contents from the outside environment.

2. The cell membrane is capable of receiving and recognizing chemical signals.

3. The cell membrane forms a barrier that keeps all substances that might harm the cell from entering the cell.

4. The cell membrane controls the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.

Semi-permeable (selectively permeable) membrane (covering)

Protects the inside of the cell from the outside environment

Controls what molecules enter and exit the cell

Recognizes chemical signals

Shows the parts of the cell (plasma) membrane: lipid bi-layer (bi=2), proteins

Allows small molecules to pass into the cell ex.) gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide)

glucose (simple sugar) Prevents large molecules from entering or

exiting the cell ex.) starch

Proteins allow large, charged and odd shaped molecules to enter and exit the cell.

They also serve as receptor and recognition proteins for chemical signals (life function: REGULATION)

Located near the center of

the cell

Contains genetic material

in the form of chromosomes

Allows transfer of this DNA

during REPRODUCTIO

N (life function)

*Nucleolus located inside nucleus and it makes ribosomes.

Jelly-like material inside the cell that is eighty percent water

Hold the organelles

Moves materials around the cell

Chemical reactions take place here

Small membrane bound organelle where cellular respiration takes place.

Cellular Respiration is the process that converts food energy into a usable form or ENERGY!!! ATP (Adenosine tri-phosphate)

Small dense organelle that serves as the site for protein production

Can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to an organelle known as the endoplasmic reticulum.

ribosome

Is the home of ribosomes (protein makers)

Transports proteins, created by ribosomes, to the cell membrane where they will be used or secreted by the cell.

Chlorophyll (pigment in plants) containing structure

Found in plants and algae

Where photosynthesis takes place

* Photosynthesis is the use of SOLAR energy to combine inorganic molecules (H2O, CO2) to

create the organic molecule, glucose (sugar) .

Located in primarily animal cells Involved in the process of cell division (life functions: growth/reproduction)

Membrane bound organelle containing Water Enzymes And other substances

Serves as food storage (NUTRITION), non-removable waste (EXCRETION) or secretion products.

Lysosome is a special vacuole that aids in nutrition using enzymes to digest by

merging with food vacuoles.

Accepts made proteins and transports them to cell membrane for use inside or outside the cell.

Provides structure and support for the cell Protects the cell Found mostly in plant cells, made of

cellulose

cell wall

Work like a skeleton for the plant cell!

1.

2.

3.

4.

1. organelles2. insulin3. guard cells4. antibodies

1. a nucleus 2. a chromosome 3. a protein molecule 4. an enzyme molecule

1. cell membrane—storage of hereditary information

2. chloroplast—transport of materials

3. ribosome—synthesis of proteins

4. vacuole—production of ATP

Do Now: State the cell Theory:

o All living things are made up of one (uni-cellular organism) or

more cells (multi-cellular organism).

o Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in organisms.

o All cells arise from existing cells.

Cellular Diversity

The process by which a less specialized cell develops or matures to possess a more distinct form and function.

State ways in which a single cell organism, such as an ameba, and a human body cell are alike.

1.) They contain similar structures (organelles)

2.) They are the basic unit that performs life function for the organism

Label your cell diagrams

Cell wall

Chloroplast

Shape of cell

Centrioles

1.structure 12.structure 23.structure 34.structure 4

1.structure 1

1. tissues in which similar cells function together

2. organs that help to carry out a specific life activity

3. systems that are responsible for a specific life activity

4. organelles that carry out different functions

These groups of cells represent different

1. A multicellular organism has organ systems that interact to carry out life functions, while a single-celled organism carries out life functions without using organ systems.

2. A single-celled organism carries out fewer life functions than each cell of a multicellular organism.

3. A multicellular organism always obtains energy through a process that is different from that used by a single-celled organism.

4. The cell of a single-celled organism is always much larger than an individual cell of a multicellular organism.

Studies of fat cells and thyroid cells show that fat cells have fewer mitochondria than thyroid cells. A biologist would most likely infer that fat tissue

1. does not require energy 2. has energy requirements

equal to those of thyroid tissue

3. requires less energy than thyroid tissue

4. requires more energy than thyroid tissue