There are 2 ways to divide the layers of the earth..... Physical layers Compositional layers.
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Transcript of There are 2 ways to divide the layers of the earth..... Physical layers Compositional layers.
There are 2 ways to divide the layers of the earth..... Physical layers Compositional layers
Earth’s interior is divided into layers: the crust, mantle, & core, based on composition. Although the Earth’s crust seem stable, the extreme heat of the Earth’s interior causes changes that slowly reshape the surface.
CrustMantleCore
Outermost layer of earth made of rock that forms earth’s outer skin
5 to 100 km thick, average thickness is 35 km
thinnest layer less than 1% of Earth’s massMost of composition of crust:
oxygen, silicon, and aluminum
Oceanic Crust crust beneath the oceans consist mainly of dense rock (basalt -
dark in color) 5-8 km thick
Continental Crust crust that forms the continents consist mainly of less dense rock
(granite - lighter in color) 30 km average thickness
layer of rock between crust and core
2900km thick, 67% of Earth’s mass Magma from volcanoes comes
from mantle Composition - silicon, oxygen, iron
and magnesium physical conditions in mantle
change because pressure and temperature increase with depth temp ranges from 870 ºC to 2,200ºC
Convections Currents!
Hot columns of mantle material rise slowly through the asthenosphere
Innermost layer of the Earth 6800 km in diameter (3,400 km from
outside edge of core to center of core) 1/3 of Earth’s mass, 15% of its volume Temperature ranges from 2,000 ºC to
5,000ºC Consist of 2 parts; Inner Core and Outer
Core
The upper part of the mantle (upper part does not flow like the lower part) and the crust together form a rigid layer called the lithosphere.
Lithos is greek for stone, 100 km thick
Made of tectonic plates
The asthenosphere is a soft layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere move. 250 km thick asthenes is Greek for soft or weak
Rock that is semi solid, plasticky, kind of the consistency of peanut butter.
Heat travels by convection currents
The mesosphere is located in the lower mantle.
It is completely solid2,550 km thick
Outer Core layer of molten metal (iron and nickel)
beneath the mantle surrounds the inner core 2,200 km thick
Inner Core dense ball of solid metal (iron and nickel) extreme pressure from layers above 1200 km, from outside edge of inner core to
center
The tectonic plates are pieces of the lithosphere that fit like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle and move on top of the asthenosphere
May Consist of both Continental and Oceanic Crust
Atmosphere: .001g/cm^3
Water: 1.0g/cm^3
Crust: 2.7-3.0 g/cm^3
Mantle: 3-9 g/cm^3
Core: 9-13 g/cm^3
Seismic waves