Tang ruled for almost 300 years, followed Sui (618-907) Capital – Ch’ang-an Tang Taizong –...
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Transcript of Tang ruled for almost 300 years, followed Sui (618-907) Capital – Ch’ang-an Tang Taizong –...
CHINA DURING THE TANG AND SONG
Government
Tang ruled for almost 300 years, followed Sui (618-907)
Capital – Ch’ang-an Tang Taizong – first
emperor Wu Zhao – China’s
only female ruler
Unified after period of instability – 960-1279
Taizu – first emperor Problems with
nomads Lost Tibet Tried to make peace
with northern enemies – tributes of silk, tea – lost N to Jin Empire (Manchuria) in 1127
Accomplishments
Reconquered land lost after the Han
Wu Zhao – took control of parts of Korea
Expand roads and canals
Revived civil service exam - bureaucracy
Peace, stability, prosperity restored
Training academies – civil service exam
During both dynasties – population hits 100 million; 10 cities with population over 1 million
Land redistribution
Social Changes
New upper class – gentry – earned status through education and civil service – not nec. Based on land ownership
Entertainment – chess, cards Transportation – boats Urban middle class Most still at bottom – laborers, soldiers,
servants
Daily Life
Mostly centered on village Patriarchal – move in with husband’s
family Men – rights over wife; could take second
wife if no male heir Children – obedience to parents – filial
piety Dowry
Status of Women
Declined during Tang and Song Foot binding – “lily foot”
Inventions/Advancements
Science and technology Gunpowder Moveable type Manufacturing steel Porcelain New weapons Paper money - banking Mechanical clock Compass, rudder, sail Negative numbers – math Acupuncture
Agriculture
New variety of rice 2 crops a year instead of one Helped feed growing population
Trade
Armies guarded Silk Road; still dangerous though
Sailing technology – compass, rudder, sail New port cities Exported tea, silk, porcelain, fruit Spread of culture – ex. Buddhism
Culture, Art and Poetry
Growth of Buddhism under Tang (monasteries)
Li Bo – poet – life’s pleasures Tu Fu – hardships of war Artists – natural landscapes Favorite color/ink - black
Downfall
Taxes too high Corruption Muslim armies –
challenge – lost Central Asia
907 – rebels murdered the last Tang emperor
Fall to the Mongols – 1206; defeated Jurghen (Manchuria) first, then Song