TA-54 AREA G EXPANSION AREA

BASELINE SURFACE SOIL SAMPLING

FY94AND95REPORT

JANUARY 12, 1995

APR 2 3 1997

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ESB-19 WASTE SITE STUDIES TEAM

• RONCONRAD

CATHERINE RIVERA-DIRKS

FAWNCORIZ

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T A-54 AREA G EXPANSION AREA BASELINE Sl"RF ACE SOIL SAMPU~G

l. INTRODUCTION

During l Q94. the Waste Site Studies Team of ESH·l Q was tasked to survey in a regular grid to the west of the old gate at Area G. for the purpose of perfonning baseline surtace soil sampling in the area where Waste Management proposes to expand their disposal operations. In 1995, the Waste Site Studies Team was again tasked to return a1-:d take additional surface soil samples &om the grid thal was surveyed in 1994. The analytical chemistry results from these two soil sample sets were to be used as the overall baseline soil data set for Area 0 mesa top surface soils. an4 also as the baseline soil concentrations for the future disposal aaivities to take place in the expansion area.

2. ACTIVITIES

All field activities undenaken at Area 0 by the Waste Site Studies Team were in accordance with a health and safety plan approved by Bill Purtymun. Jr .• of CST- t 4. CST-14 site-specific health and safety pideliDes were incorporated into the health and safety plan.

A t 00 ft x 100 ft replar &rid wu surveyed in the area immediately west of the old Area 0 gate in t 994. Fifty-five points were emblished on the mesa top covering an area of approximately 10 acres (see Figure 1 ). Each point wu memorialized with a 4 ft aluminwn stake driven into the pound. On the stake was written the sampling location. usina the code. o-x.-. For instiDce. sampling location l would have a code. O·X-01. The land surveyifta wu doneaccordina to LANL·ER·SOP·3.01, Land Surveyina Procedures. under the supervision of Bill Kopp, a LANL TSM also registered as a professional enain= in cbe State of New Mexico.

2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION

The surfta soil samples (0-6j were collected usina stainless steel scoops in accordance with LANL·ER-SOP-6.09, Spade and Scoop Medlod for Collection of Soil Samples. All samples were collected utilizina ESH-19 chain-of-custody procedures. and preserved in accordance with EPA methods definecl in EPA SW-846. These samples were submitted to CST-3 and analyud larply by in-house analytical laboratories.

3.0 DATA NEEDS

Because baseline concentations need to be established for the Area G mesa top soils both for RCRA resulated chemicals and radionuc:lides. the surface soils collected were

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analyzed for% H20. tritium. Am-:41. Cs-137. isotopic or total U. isotopic Pu, volatile

organic compounds. (VOCs). and 12 RCRA metals (Ag. As. Ba. Be. Cd. Cr. Hg. !'Ji.

Pb.Sb. Se. and Tl). The extraction method for the metal analysis is Method 3050 (from

EPA SW-846), followed by appropriate ICP and AA techniques. An in-house extraction

method (nitric acid/HF) was used before processing and counting the soil samples for

radionuclides. Tritium was extracted from the soils by distillation of soil moisture

followed by counting in a scintillation cocktail. Am-241 and CS-137 were analyzed by gamma spectrometry. The analytical technique used for VOCs was EPA SW -846, Method 8260. Isotopic plutonium was analyzed by alpha spectroscopy In FY

94 isotopic uranium was measured by alpha spectroscopy while in FY 95. soil samples were analyzed for total uranium by kinetic phosphorescence analysis (KPA).

4. RESULTS

The analytical chemistry results from the 1995 expansion area soil sampling and a summary ofbuic statistics perfonned on this da~e are presented in Table I. Table 2

contains a summary of all the analytical chemistry data collected in the expansion area

during FY 94 and 95 where statistical parameterS were calculated. Statistical values

obtained include the arithmetic mean, the median. range of concentrations. and standard

deviation from the arithmetic mean. Where appropriate (where there are a significant number of detectable concentrations), histograms of the data were senerated to assist in

determining the ranse and type of concentration-in-soils disttibution exhibited by the measured soil constituents. The histograins for the combined dale are found in Appendix

A.

In calculatins the statistical parameters from the analytical values. the following rules

were followed. If the· concentration values were all reportable (that is. did not include

"less than" values), these numbers were considered the uue values and used directly as a

data set in calculating the s~etistics. If a distribution included some ··tess than" values,

the number that wu used in the data set statistical calculation wu one-half the number

referred to in the "less than" value. For instance, if a silver concentration on a panicular

soil sample Wll reponed out u < I 0 ~g. that particular sample value used in the

arithmeuic- calculation for silver wu O.OS uglg. If all the numbers in a data set

were .. less dwa" values. no statistics were perfonned and the baseline value adopted

would be the instrument reponing limit for that analyte. For example. if all the mercury

values are reported out u less than 0.02 uglg, the baseline concentration for mercury in

these soils would beceme 0.02 ugls.

Table 3 contains a summary of all the analytical chemistry data generated for the surface

soil ~pies collected durins FY 94 and 95 at the Area G proposed expansion region.

It should be undentood that for each of the reponed analytical chemistry values, there is

an associated uncenainty. Generally. these uncenainties approach tOO% at the lowest

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reported values. with dec~asing uncertainty at higher reported values. Although these

uncertainty values are not included in the spreadsheet tables. they can be obtained from

the original data report sheets.

S. DISCUSSION

For the Area G expansion surt'ace soil samples collcc:tcd in FY 94 and 95. it was possible

to do bask statistics for the metals As. Ba. Be. Cr. and Pb. and the radionuclidcs tritium.

Am-241, Cs-137. isotopic U and total U. and isotopic Pu. This data is summarized in

Table 2. The mean coacentration for each of these coastituents is low when compared to

soils collected a other Area G sampliq area. Howewr. this wu anticipated since there

has not been any disposal operatioas within die expMaSion area and these soils

concentrations 11e tbouah& to approach oamral blckpouad.

The VOCs analysis did DOt result in ay llrpt compouDda beiq deteeleel. This is

undoubtedly due to 110 lmown clisposal of VOCs in lbe expusion area and/or to the very

short lifetime ofVOCs in surface soils wbida are exposed to Ala G's extmne

tempCrllUiel.

The hiltopaml ofdae analytical cbemiary results of specific analytn revealed that each

were very close to belna nomlllly clistributecl This holds true especially for H-3. U-234.

U-235. U-238, total unaium aud tbe IDe'llb 1be calcula1ed means. therefore. are

probably very close esdmaJM oflbe ICtUilaverqe concentration of these constituents

preseat in surface soils a tbe explllliOD .,...

The statistical puamcten calculated for the measured conslituelltl &om surface soils

collected iD cbe cxpuaion ana lbould be consiclcred wben dcftnina the baseline

concentratioaa of these constiUIIIdS ill surfllce soils at Area G.

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APPENDIX A

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Histogram of As for the 19948nd-1995 Expansion Aiea Soif Sampling g· ~!!~~~~~~~-~ 8 •

t 7 I • • -· -- ·----

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0 6 ....

f 5 :a z 4

3

2

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1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 As (uglg) __________ _____;;~~-

4 4.5 5 5.5

---------- -·----

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Histogram of Ba for the 1994 and 1995 Expansion Area Soil Sampling

10~~--~----~~~~----~--~~--~--~~--~-.

I r 8- . . ·-· --. .. ... --

fl)

0 j 6 E ~

4

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0 I Kffi'_ - ---------- -

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300

Ba (uglg) --·---. - ..

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Histogram of er for the .1994 and 1995 Expansion Area Soil samPling-----6 -.. --------.

.fs !

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0 4 j § 3 z

2

1

0 2

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3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Cr(ug/g)

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~ of Pb far the 1894 and 1995 Expansion Area Soil Sampling

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Pb(uglg)

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Histogram of H-3 for the 1994 and 1995 Expansion Area Soil Sampling- -----

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t:fiatogram of Am-241 for the 1994 and 1995 Expansion Area Soil Sampling

16

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f 121 •

0 ..... ~ 10 J E 8 :1 z

6

4

2

0 -0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03

Am-241 (pCilg) ..__________ ·- - -----

\..J

~t\-I~Jf#!;-.;;j:_:· '~· ::·--.tt"*"!_O:'Mf:~~'"::'·'!~·~.~-~~~~~~S::~f::'D'~~~~l\~-'!..~~~--~~;-;i·.~:~:<~~·--f~~~,.,..,.,.--·t.:'.:V~·'t?lf"'"'~~.;..·n· -~::.·:.«' ·· "'... ·"l·.- · ~- 1'

l:lstogram of Cs-137 for lhe 1894-lllif 1995 Expansion Aru Soil Sampling 14

I I J 121 -- -- .

~ tl 10 0 j 8 E :I z

6

4

2

OL--__.j -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2

Cs-137 (pCilg)

.o'!lo+.

~ ·--i ! J I LD

I ... 1

t I ~-

... 1. I ~·

t ' J t~

~- ~ f': lf

~ ~; f~ ;. li '8 ~' ~-.. i ~-j; I l\,

r-----------------------------~~ ,c)

121 0

.,__ ___________________ ---- --- 8

'.

c:i

a d

~-----------------~-----~----~S d

... 0 d

0

... ~--------------------------~~~ -~ ~ i ~ ~ oq

;

' ., . ~ .. '' 1- ·f. ,;:tj ' /

' :.~

1·: ' ,. ~t

:r . > . ..

~ r b~. ;;. :;.·

-~.:

-~

:· ....

'· .;F ~: ., f' ,.: .. . , ·~: '" '· ' ::: l ' ' .f

~I

r

·' I

··i. ;~,:~·~,;/~--·. ,., : .. :.. ·, -~--...

~~-----------------------------~ ~

.._, _____ -- -... --· 8 ~

I ___ , ___ i

I I ~---··----· --·- .. ·- •·· . -·. -· --·---- i

~-------·-- ·-------

I ... 1 I ...

1--------------------------4 i -!I

~------~----~~~ 1-------- ------.1~ ~

J .D

~ 15

; .·,; .,.:.· ., -

~¥:3# ·.::-· ... ~-::- ~-~-Y~':·t:'~/f':fi,-~":;~~~r.~,·~.:"7·r·~ .. ,.~.,. .... :~"'...,.rz:r:~"'·'-"'~"'-T" ~-:-·· .. ~--""'~ "" •. , .- .....

7

6 J a.

i 5 0 ... J 4 E :a z

3

2

1

-- --

•

Histogram of U-234 for the 1994 Expansion Area Soil Sampling

---· - ---- ---- -------

·--· ---- ---· - -

...

- - •·- I

I

I '

f I

I

I ' ' i I

I I

' I I

0 -----0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.1 2.2

u-234 (pCilg)

.~"' .~:~J. < ~

'-'

a·

i 7

i 6 fD

. ~'& 5 ... f :I 4 z

3

2

1

•

--·

Histogram of U-235 for the 1994 Expansion Area Soil Sampling·

I

I -· ----· ·t --

!

--~-- • -· I

I --- --- -·--·-- -··-~- . l

! I I . ------- -- ..... ·-·· ' I i ---- T i . I I

•

- . : · ... ,• .. . . o~--~--~--~---0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.11 0.12 0.13

U-235 (pCilg)

OJ-.;; • ~tJrtr.J. • ~

&tl.&Nfd~\~-:\·:··:·;~:R:S'Pi*M&&~&t!f~ .. ~»' x ;.,..4? ;::s ....... -:'!'_~~~~~~~ .. :(£~":<:"~ .. ~~-;.~~i"~- .... _, .. ~! .... , ........ ~·- .. ,.._ •.•••• -.., ••

v

Histogram of U-238 for the 1994 Expansion Area Soil Sampling

1'

r-r~~~~-:~.L- -I 6 a.

j 5 0

14 ~

3

2

1

~- ·--. ,, - - ----1

' --f--·-··•· -·-·· I -·· --· --1

./'..,-·~~~ V ~~~-~L

- -- -- /l/1 '~ -·- ~--:··- I

V I r----t-----J-lA . --- --- - I

. _____ _,v -- · ~ 1

>-- - I I -.;;;;........._ I I ~ I I 1-----.:.J o-------o.a o.e 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.1 1.s 1.9 2 2.1

u-238 (pCilg)

t-4iᴥ

•

«t4X£,_;:; tH ;;c n . . •.<. ::·7·~~ .. .,.._~--~ .. ::Z::-~t!'..~.~~'~"~r~.~)~,····:-:~:.J~~-:':'"'~~·~":~~"·~~~-~~""-:~:'";;;r.--~~:"~~.:-;·:: ;~*ht~ =':·· ~."1:~_.. .. ,..., .... ,,~· ·· ·; .. ,..,

Histogram of Total Uranium for the 1995 Expansion Area Soil Sampling 10

8

6

4

2

0 2

•

-

2.2

' -I .. , .....

.~r

..

2.4

- ----

.

•• . '

-

. . 2.6 2.8 3 3.2

Total Uranium (uglg)

- - ------ ---

I

I ---··-·-. I

• I I

3.4 3.6 3.8

---

4