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Transcript of © SSHA Seminar on Current Challenges Facing Hydropower Development in Europe: Reserved flow, River...
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© SSHA
Seminar on Current Challenges Facing Hydropower Development in Europe: Reserved flow, River Basin
Management Plans & Certification for Hydro Brussels, 1-2 October 2009
Reserved flow & producers’ point of view
Slovenian Small Hydropower AssociationMarko Gospodjinački, president
member
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AQuote
Let’s not be blinded by abundance.Instead, be wise to use those natural resources that are not
harmful to the World to extent that covers our needs.
© SSHA
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EnvironmentEnvironment
Stressed
Damaged
Overpopulated
Protected?
ActionsIndividual System
© SSHA
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Baseloadl/s = kWh
Electricityimportance
Qres values
Define- Respect
FisheryMigration, Protection Public
Interest
Ecological status
Before-After
Energy value
Open market
Other interests
Drinking waterIrrigation
Recreational
Multilayered Interests
Environmental valuekWh = GHG
© SSHA
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Present solutionsPresent solutions
© SSHA
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Wide low slope river(minimum and maximum values of reserved flow calculated with different
methods)
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Small alpine torrent (minimum and maximum values of reserved flow calculated with different
methods)
Source: TNSHP
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© SSHA
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Catchment Area
Group of ecological
type< 10 km2 10-100 km2 100-1.000
km2
1.000-2.500 km2
inMQ(1) < 50 m3
> 2.500 km2
orMQ(1) > 50 m3
Punctual diversion1(2) 0,8 0,8 0,6 0,52(2) 0,8 0,6 0,5 0,53 0,6 0,5 0,44 0,4
Short diversion or long diversion in dry period1(2) 1,6 1,6 1,2 1,02(2) 1,6 1,2 1,0 1,03 1,2 1,0 0,84 0,8
Long diversion in wet period1(2) 3,2 3,2 2,4 2,02(2) 3,2 2,4 2,0 2,03 2,4 2,0 1,64 1,6
Proposal of Slovenian Ministry of EnvironmentProposal of Slovenian Ministry of EnvironmentQres = f * MNQQres = f * MNQ
© SSHA
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QQQQuotesuotes:: WWWWe don’t need small hydropower plantse don’t need small hydropower plants
SHP are destroying the rivers (valleys)SHP are destroying the rivers (valleys) TTThe energy production is negligable for the negative environmental impactThe energy production is negligable for the negative environmental impact
... and similar... and similar
((WHY)DDO WE NEED
((SMALL) HYDROPOWER PLANTS?
© SSHA
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70 % loss of energy
8 % loss of energy
© SSHA
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WHY Small Hydropower?WHY Small Hydropower?
• Clean energy productionClean energy production
• Decentralised energy productionDecentralised energy production (meeting local demands, lowering
losses in transmission, ensuring autonomy)• Energy production diversificatonEnergy production diversificaton
• No GHG emissionsNo GHG emissions
• Grid stabilityGrid stability
• Local Economic developmentLocal Economic development
• Creating jobsCreating jobs
• Maintenance of river basins Maintenance of river basins (floating waste, hydrological monitoring,...)• High energy payback ratioHigh energy payback ratio
© SSHA
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50 Hz50 Hz(49...51)(49...51)
© SSHA
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Importance of production availability Importance of production availability (the science behind)(the science behind)
The problem of primary and secondary frequency regulation of a multi-machine power system is analyzed with a Liapunov function method based on a quadratic performance index. The main purpose is to determine the best set of parameters of primary and secondary regulation according to an optimization criterion. The objective consists of achieving a settling time as short as possible which is relevant in a longitudinal system, whose structure includes long transmission lines with a reduced number of loops.
Frequency and turbine valve positions are used as state variables, and optimal control parameters for primary and secondary regulation are used as control variables. Performance index behavior under different frequency control schemes is then used to determine the optimal values to set the droops and gains of primary and secondary regulation. Tests for different disturbance locations and selection of regulating units are simulated on a model of the Chilean Central Interconnected System (CIS). It is shown that significant improvements can be achieved with the proposed method.© SSHA
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Pumped Storage Hydro
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Policy
© SSHA
RES-E production is of national (global)
importance
... So is the environmental
protection
GHG Impact
Consumption
To support and develop SHP is a system decission,
therefore to act against this development is against the
common interests.
Positive environmental
footprintCriteria
Science
Economy
Limitations
Energy lossvs
Min biocenosisrequirements
Policy
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Zveza društev MHE SlovenijeZveza društev MHE SlovenijeSlovenian Small Hydropower Slovenian Small Hydropower
AssociationAssociation
Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!