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{
Rise of the Ottoman Empire
Turkish Delight
Mainly the Roman empire Characterized by the shifting of pagan
rituals in Rome to a Greek Christian religion based in Constantinople
Byzantine Empire 500-1500 C.E.
Fall of the Byzantine Empire
Response by Turks to the declining Byzantine Empire
Main Religion: Islam Situated just south of Constantinople
Ottoman Empire 1299-
A series of wars lead to the expansion of Ottoman empire from the territories below Constantinople to the surrounding areas
Fall of Constantinople 1453 Destruction of the last vestiges of the
Byzantine Empire
Rise of the Empire 1299-1453
Very important Christian city Economic powerhouse Trading hub
Constantinople
Fuelled by Constantinople the Ottoman empire expands deep into Europe
Expansion 1453-1566
Sultan Islamic for, strength, or dictator Un-disputed ruler
Government
Religious and ethnic minorities were allowed to manage their affairs with relative autonomy
3 distinct classes Christians were able to be governed under
Canon Law (Christian Law) Jews under the Halakha (Jewish Law) Muslims under the Sharia (Islamic Law)
Tolerance – The millet
Although still expanding up until 1600, the empire was beginning to decay under weak sultans
Whereas previous sultans were very progressive, new sultans were conservative, stifling innovation
E.g. the printing press lagged 100 years after the invention before widespread use in Constantinople
Termed the “devils machine” 1683 The Battle of Vienna
Ottoman Empire checked by the Holy Roman Empire and Poland
Decay
Many nations had gained independence Egypt, Arabia, Algeria, Greece, Serbia,
Montenegro If still administered by Ottoman, in name
only Egypt and others began to become under
British and French Influence
1850’s
First modern war Troop movements on train Modern telegraph used
Britain, France, Kingdom of Sardinia and Ottoman Empire fight and defeat the Russians
Was a war to stop Russian Expansion into the Balkans
over the “sick man of Europe” (Ottoman Empire)
War! - Crimean 1853-56
The break up of the Ottoman Empire lead to new nations but many problems
Some nationalities were in two different nations such as the Serbs
Repercussions for WWI
Eventual Break Up
The Ottoman empire was an Islamic empire that although initially was very politically and ethnically liberal eventually reverted to a regressive conservative ideology that eventually destroyed them
Conclusion