Protect and support digestive and respiratory tracts.
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Transcript of Protect and support digestive and respiratory tracts.
Lecture 6.5: Skeletal System
Protect and support digestive and respiratory tracts
Facial Bones
Floor of orbits Walls of nasal cavity Hard palate—roof of mouth
Maxillary Bones
Figure 6.12b
Posterior to hard palate
Palatine Bone (paired)
Figure 6.12b
Forms part of nasal septum
Vomer
Figure 6.11a
Cheekbones
Zygomatic bone
Figure 6.11a
Bridge of nose
Nasal Bone
Figure 6.11a
Orbits medial surface
Lacrimal Bone
Figure 6.11a
Lateral nasal cavity Slows airflow
Inferior nasal conchae (paired)
Figure 6.12c
Lower Jaw Only moveable facial bone
Mandible
Figure 6.11a
U-Shaped Base for larynx muscles (voicebox), tongue
and pharynx Stabilizes larynx “Adams Apple”
Hyoid Bone
Figure 6.14
Fusion of bones not complete at birth Fontanels—soft spots Flexible Allows skull to expand with brain
Skulls of Infants
Figure 6.15b
AKA: Spine Cervical Vertebrae—7 C1-C7 Neck Region Thoracic Vertebrae—12 T1-T12 Articulates with ribs Lumbar Vertebrae—5 L1-L5 Lower Back Sacrum—5 fused vertebrae Coccyx--Tailbone
Vertebral Column
Figure 6.16
4 Spinal curves Primary curves—thoracic and sacral Appear late in fetal development Secondary curves—cervical and lumbar Appear months after birth Cervical—infant can hold up their head Lumbar—child can stand
Spinal curvature
Figure 6.16
Kyphosis—exaggerated thoracic curvature Lordosis—exaggerated lumbar curvature Scoliosis—abnormal lateral curvature
Abnormal Spinal curves
Vertebral body—massive, weight-bearing portion
Intervertebral disc—lies between each vertebrae
Vertebral canal—encloses spinal cord Intervertebral foramina—gaps that allow
nerves to run off
Vertebral Anatomy
Figure 6.17a