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Persuasive Persuasive SpeakingSpeaking

Tools for PersuadingTools for Persuading

The purpose is to create, The purpose is to create, reinforce, or change the attitudes, reinforce, or change the attitudes, beliefs, values, and/or behaviors beliefs, values, and/or behaviors of the listener. of the listener.

When trying to persuade When trying to persuade someone, you must use the someone, you must use the highest ethical standardshighest ethical standards

*ethics: moral principals that *ethics: moral principals that govern a person’s behaviorgovern a person’s behavior

What is the Purpose of a What is the Purpose of a Persuasive Speech?Persuasive Speech?

Convince Convince Cause the audience to change their Cause the audience to change their

attitudes, values or beliefsattitudes, values or beliefs Stimulate Stimulate

Encourage the audiences’ interest Encourage the audiences’ interest in the attitudes, values and beliefs in the attitudes, values and beliefs they already holdthey already hold

Actuate Actuate Motivate the audience to act in a Motivate the audience to act in a

certain waycertain way

What is are the Types of What is are the Types of Persuasive Speeches?Persuasive Speeches?

Appeal: a serious and urgent Appeal: a serious and urgent requestrequest

Appeal to: Appeal to: PathosPathos MythosMythos EthosEthos LogosLogos

Traditional AppealsTraditional Appeals

Appealing to the listener’s Appealing to the listener’s emotionsemotions, , such as fear, happiness or angersuch as fear, happiness or anger

Uses the audience’s sympathy and Uses the audience’s sympathy and imaginationimagination

Must use vivid descriptions and Must use vivid descriptions and expressive language expressive language

PathosPathos

Utilizes one’s need to be a member of a Utilizes one’s need to be a member of a certain culture (patriotism, nationalism, certain culture (patriotism, nationalism, faith)faith)

Often uses emotion Often uses emotion

Has the potential to promote Has the potential to promote ethnocentrism (the idea that one culture ethnocentrism (the idea that one culture or viewpoint is superior to another)or viewpoint is superior to another)

MythosMythos

Utilizes the credibility of the Utilizes the credibility of the speaker’s characterspeaker’s character

Relies on how the audience views youRelies on how the audience views you Competency: perception of your Competency: perception of your

knowledge for the topicknowledge for the topic Character: perception of your Character: perception of your

intentionsintentions Charisma: perception of your Charisma: perception of your

personalitypersonality

EthosEthos

Appealing to the listener’s logic Appealing to the listener’s logic (ability to reason)(ability to reason)

LogosLogos

Argument: written or spoken Argument: written or spoken communication with the intent to communication with the intent to persuade persuade

Claim Claim

EvidenceEvidence

WarrantsWarrants

Parts of an ArgumentParts of an Argument

The statement (assertion) you are The statement (assertion) you are makingmaking

Ex. Local citizens should be allowed to Ex. Local citizens should be allowed to raise chickensraise chickens

ClaimClaim

The information that proves The information that proves your claim (support materials)your claim (support materials)

Ex. Chicken is a great source Ex. Chicken is a great source of protein. Naturally raised of protein. Naturally raised chickens have a better nutrient chickens have a better nutrient value than those raised on value than those raised on factory farmsfactory farms

EvidenceEvidence

Assumptions that link the evidence Assumptions that link the evidence and the claimand the claim

Ex: Anyone raising his or her own Ex: Anyone raising his or her own chickens has access to a more chickens has access to a more nutrient-enriched form of protein nutrient-enriched form of protein

WarrantsWarrants

The Argument:The Argument:

Claim:Local citizens should be allowed to raise chickens

Warrants: Anyone raising his or her own chickens has access to a more nutrient-enriched form of protein

Evidence:Chicken is a great source of protein. Naturally raised chickens have a better nutrient value than those raised on factory farms