A BRIEF VIEW OF EGYPT

IN THE BEGINNING Paleolithic Era, the Sahara and the Nile

River valleys The earliest evidence of humans in

Egypt date back around 500,000 – 700,000 years ago

The type of humans were human erectus

CONTINUED…. The Sahara had an abundance of

vegetation and food The abundance of vegetation and food

lasted till around 30,000BC, which is when it dried up

CONTINUE… During the Middle Paleolithic humans

began to take the form of Homo neanderthalensis

During the Upper Paleolithic (around 30,000BC) desertification took place in the Sahara

With desertification taking place, people were forced to migrate closer to the Nile River

IN THE NILE During the beginning of people

migrating to the Nile River, it was not crowed, then more and more people came over time

The increase in civilians called for a need for government

3000BC – the first pharaoh was in power and Egypt was united

CONTINUED… Around 525BC – Egypt is conquered by

the Persians Egypt goes into seven different time

periods

THE TIME PERIODS Old Kingdom (2686-2160 BC) First Intermediate Period (2160-2040

BC) Middle Kingdom (2040-1633 BC) Second Intermediate Period (1786-1558

BC) New Kingdom(1558-1085 BC) Third Intermediate Period (1085-525

BC)

OLD KINGDOM (2686-2160 BC)

Pyramids are built to be the tombs of pharaohs

Around 2200BC there was a change in climate

Egypt came apart into a bunch of smaller kingdoms

FIRST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD (2160-2040 BC)AND MIDDLE KINGDOM (2040-1633 BC)

The pharaohs work together to pull Egypt under one unit

When Egypt arrived as one unit it turned into the Middle Kingdom

Middle Kingdom pharaohs were weaker than the Old Kingdom pharaohs

During 1800BC, the pharaohs lost power

Pyramids were not built anymore

SECOND INTERMEDIATE PERIOD (1786-1558 BC)

The Hyksos from the north invade Egypt and rule over lower Egypt for a while

Horses and Chariots came into use Around 1500BC, the pharaohs are able

to push of the Hyksos and reunite Egypt again, leading to the New Kingdom

NEW KINGDOM(1558-1085 BC)

According to the Bible, Jews are slaves in Egypt

A general crisis happens around the Eastern Mediterranean and West Asia

As the Mycenaeans and the Hittites collapsed, so did the Egyptian government

THIRD INTERMEDIATE PERIOD (1085-525 BC)

East African Kings rule They ruled from south of Egypt in Nubia

and they ruled most of Egypt

THEIR BELIEFS The soul is made of three parts: Ba, Ka,

and Akh None of the souls can live without each

other If one soul died, all of them died Mummification kept all the souls alive

CULTURE - MARRIAGE Was seen as a scared bond Egyptian statues and writings show

that men and women in a relationship were dependent on one another

WOMEN’S HAIR Their hair was shaved off or cut short A long lock of hair was left on the side

of the head The lock of hair was known as the

“side-lock of youth”

CHILDREN’S HAIR Hair was in a natural wave or curl Preferred short cuts or neck length

bobs Women in the New Kingdom wore their

hair long and sometimes wore a wig

MEN’S HAIR Wore short hair cuts, leaving the ears

to be visible They wore their hair like this until they

started to get much older

CULTURE - HOMES Houses were made out of bricks which

were produced by mud Leather buckets were used to collect

the mud and take it to the building site Straw and pebbles were added to the

mud to make it stronger