Pain and stiffness in muscular and/or skeletal systems Arthritis—all rheumatoid diseases...
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![Page 1: Pain and stiffness in muscular and/or skeletal systems Arthritis—all rheumatoid diseases affecting joints Damage to articular cartilage Results.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070406/56649de75503460f94ae14e4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lecture 6.9: Skeletal System
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Pain and stiffness in muscular and/or skeletal systems
Arthritis—all rheumatoid diseases affecting joints
Damage to articular cartilage Results from: Bacterial/Viral infection Injury to Joint Metabolic problems Severe physical stress
Rheumatism
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Usually 60+ Wear and tear of joints Genetic 25% of females and 15% of men in US have
this
Osteoarthritis
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Inflammatory disease 2.5% of US Immune system attacks the joints
Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Exercise Physical Therapy Aspirin All slow the disease
Prevention Measures
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FlexionAnterior/PosteriorReduces angle between two objects
Angular Motion
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Figure 6.32a
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Extension Increase angle between two objects Head looking straight ahead
Angular cont…
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Figure 6.32a
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Hyperextension Extension past anatomical position Ex: Looking at ceiling
Angular cont…
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Figure 6.32a
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Abduction Away from midline Adduction Toward the midline
Angular cont…
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Figure 6.32b
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Figure 6.32c
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Circumduction Arm Circles
Angular cont…
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Figure 6.32d
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Turn around longitudinal axis Ex: “no” motion
Rotation
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Figure 6.33
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Palm facing front to palm facing backward
Pronation
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Figure 6.33b
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Palm turned forward
Supination
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Figure 6.33b
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Inversion Turn sole inward Eversion Turn sole outward
Special Movements
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Figure 6.34
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Dorsiflexion Lift toes upward Plantar flexion Point toes
Special cont…
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Figure 6.34
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Opposition Move thumb across palm to other fingers
Special cont…
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Figure 6.34
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Protraction Move body part anteriorly Retraction Opposite of protraction
Special cont…
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Figure 6.34
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Elevation Move superiorly Depression Move inferiorly
Special cont…
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Figure 6.34
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Gliding Bones slide over one another Movement slight Carpal and tarsal bones Between vertebrae
Synovial Joints
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Figure 6.35a
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Hinge Joints Movement in one plane Occipital and Atlas (“yes”) Elbow, Knee
Synovial cont…
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Figure 6.35b
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Pivot Joints Rotation only Atlas and Axis (“no”)
Synovial cont…
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Figure 6.35c
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Ellipsoidal (Condyloid) Joint Move in two planes Connect fingers to carpals
Synovial cont…
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Figure 6.35d
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Saddle Joints Thumb
Synovial cont…
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Figure 6.35e
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Ball and Socket Joints Can perform all movements Shoulder, Hip
Synovial cont…
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Figure 6.35f