ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA...

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15 Institute of Plant Science and Resources Since 1914

Transcript of ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA...

Page 1: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

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Page 2: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

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(ZY V)

(CMV)

(CyMV)

(C V )

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1.

2.

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108~1010/100 ml ?

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108~1010/100 ml

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(Virocontrol=virological control) �

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�(Chiba et al., J Virol, 2009; Ghabrial & Suzuki, Annu Rev Phytopathol; 2009)

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123456

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•  “…a tragic loss, one of the worst natural calamities ever experienced by this nation” �

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Page 16: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

� (virus-free) (wildtype virus)�

--a consequence of altered complex physiological processes--

(i) Viral factor associated with virus replication/symptom induction: Multifunctional protein p29

Modulation of ecological fitness of virocontrol agents Key theme of modern virology�

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Page 17: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

CHV1 (12.7 kb)�

ORF A�

1869 nts�

9498 nts�

851 nts�

p29� p40�p48�

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ORF B�

pol� hel�

A35-40 U20-22

80 nm

dsRNA 9-13 kb

Viral transcription/replication complex

Golgi-derived Lipid layer

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�RNA DNA �

TMV �

Hillman & Suzuki, 2004)

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By courtesy of Dr B I Hillman

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From U. Heiniger, D. Rigling

V-

V+ V- �

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Fungal mycelium Fungal mycelia

(virus-free) (virus-infected)

virus

(virus-infected)

germination

(virus-free)

(virus-infected)

sexual/asexual spores

Page 21: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

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RNA silencing pathway

Viral dsRNA��

Viral mRNA degradation�

Ago�

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RNA silencing (RNAi): Antiviral defense ( �

Dicer

RnMBV1�

by N. Miyazaki�

RNA silencing suppressor

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ΔΔdcl2 wild-type virus-free RnVV1 virus-free RnVV1

RnVV1

RNA silencing (RNAi) �

Page 26: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

RNA silencing pathway

Viral dsRNA��

Viral mRNA degradation�

Ago�

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RnMBV1�

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RNA silencing suppressor

RNA silencing (RNAi): Antiviral defense ( �

Page 27: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

Page 28: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

H21 ��

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Page 29: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

Highly valued produce of JAPAN

~60,000 won = ~US$55

~40,000 won= ~US$36

~13,000 won = ~US$10

~20,000 won= ~US$18

Page 30: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

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Rosellinia necatrix) �

1000 �(Arakawa et al., 2002)

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Page 33: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

PDA PDA

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Page 34: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

3-D by Dr N. Miyazaki

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Page 35: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

10μm� 50μm�

Page 36: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

Page 37: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

X

Page 38: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):
Page 39: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

SMV ZYMV

CMV ZYMV

Page 40: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

(2003

Page 41: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

dsRNA

RNA

small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) microRNAs (miRNAs)

RNA

RNA RISC

RNA mRNA RISC

RISC mRNA

Page 42: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

Page 43: ïî úÂèÂèµ ©ÑÚÂïî ú´[ ÜKå`ØÚæïî ú...pathway Viral dsRNA Viral mRNA degradation Ago RdRp Dicer RnMBV1 by N. Miyazaki RNA silencing suppressor RNA silencing (RNAi):

RIB, Okayama University��

Sun Liying��Ana Eusebio-Cope�� � � � ��

CAB, UMBI � � Rutgers University �Donald L. Nuss � � Bradley I. Hillman �� � ��

West Virginia University � Okayama University �William MacDonald

Natl Inst for Fruit Tree Sci� � �

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University of Kentucky� Said A Ghabrial

Acknowledgments�