New Colonies ◦ 1629 Massachusetts Bay Company Great Migration ◦ 15,000 Puritans ◦ 1630s ...
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Transcript of New Colonies ◦ 1629 Massachusetts Bay Company Great Migration ◦ 15,000 Puritans ◦ 1630s ...
![Page 1: New Colonies ◦ 1629 Massachusetts Bay Company Great Migration ◦ 15,000 Puritans ◦ 1630s Massachusetts ◦ John Winthrop ◦ Boston ◦ Royal Charter.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f475503460f94c693e6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Colonial America
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New Colonies ◦ 1629
Massachusetts Bay Company Great Migration
◦ 15,000 Puritans ◦ 1630s
Massachusetts ◦ John Winthrop◦ Boston◦ Royal Charter
Forming the Colonies
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Connecticut ◦ Thomas Hooker
Hartford Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
◦ First written constitution of America Rhode Island
◦ Roger Williams◦ Religious freedom
New Hampshire◦ John Wheelwright
New England Colonies
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Wampanoags◦ Metacomet
King Philip’s War◦ 14 months
Colonial Exapansion
Conflict with Native Americans
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New Netherland Dutch West India Company
◦ Patroon Ruled like kings
New York◦ England sent fleet◦ Duke of York◦ Proprietary colony
Diverse First Jews to settle in North America
Middle Colonies
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Duke of York divided his colony◦ Lord John Berkeley◦ Sir George Carterct
To attract settlers, proprietors offered◦ Large tracts of land◦ Freedom of religion◦ Trial by jury◦ Representative assembly
Royal colony
New Jersey
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Quakers◦ Everyone is equal◦ Pacifists
William Penn◦ King Charles owed Penn’s father
Delaware became independent from Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania and Delaware
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Virginia◦ Jamestown◦ Indentured servants
Maryland◦ Sir George Calvert, Lord Baltimore◦ Mason-Dixon Line
1760s Maryland and Pennsylvania argued over boundary
Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon◦ Act of Toleration
Ensured Protestants and Catholics the right to worship freely
Southern Colonies
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1663, King Charles II named south a propriety ◦ Latin for “Charles’ Land”
John Locke◦ Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina
Two Carolinas 1729 Eliza Lucas
◦ Indigio
The Carolinas
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1733 James Oglethorpe
◦ Received charter from George II Debtors and the poor Built forts to protect from Spanish invansion
Georgia
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Bad soil◦ Subsistence farming◦ Depended on children◦ Women made household items
Small businesses (industrial) Colonial shipping trade Fishing
New England Economy
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Fertile Soil◦ Cash crops
Industries◦ Small and large businesses
Diversity – Immigrants◦ Scotch-Irish, German, Dutch, and Swedish
Middle Colonies Economy
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Warm Climate Cash Crops
◦ Tobacco and rice Plantations
◦ Village Little industry Enslaved people Plantation owners controlled economic and
political life of that region
Southern Colonies Economy
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Maryland and Virginia◦ Tobacco
Indentured servants -> Slaves South Carolina and Georgia
◦ Rice◦ Fastest growing economies
Tobacco and Rice
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West Africa◦ War/Rivalries
Need for workers The Middle Passage
◦ 2nd part of Triangular Trade Trade between Europe, Africa, and New World
Treated poorly Slave Market
Growth of Slavery
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Mostly in the field Slave codes
◦ Couldn’t leave plantation without consent◦ Illegal to teach enslaved people to read or write◦ Seldom allowed to move freely
Punishments◦ Whipping, hanging, burning
Runaways Families torn apart Buy freedom
Life of a Slave
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English ideals, trial by jury 2 principles
◦ Protected rights◦ Representative legislature
Protected rights◦ People elected delegates to make laws and
conduct government
Colonial Government
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English Parliament◦ Power to legislate (make laws)◦ 2 chambers
House of Lords House of Commons
Glorious Revolution◦ Mid 1600s – Parliament and King James II struggle
for power 1688 – Parliament removed King James II and
crowned William and Mary◦ No ruler would have more power than legislature
Colonial Government
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1689 Clear limits on a ruler’s power Stated that
◦ Ruler could not suspend Parliament’s laws◦ Impose taxes◦ Raise an army without Parliament’s consent
Members were freely elected Right to fair trial Banned cruel and unusual punishments
The English Bill of Rights
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13 Colonies began as either charter or proprietary colony◦ Charter Colony
Based on a grant of rights by the English monarch Ex. Massachusetts
◦ Proprietary Colony Property of owner or group of owners
Ex. Pennsylvania Ruled how they wished
Named own governs and many other officials
◦ Royal Colony Under direct English control
Ex. Virginia
Government in America
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Townspeople -> local government◦ Male landowners
Strong belief in their right to govern themselves
Local Government in the Colonies
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Mercantilism Navigation Acts
◦ 1650s◦ Laws forced on colonists to sell raw materials to
England even over a better offer Taxed by England Colonial Resistance
◦ Accepted Navigation Acts◦ Revolted and led to American Revolution
English Economic Policies