MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

Introduction

musculoskeletal system (also known as the locomotor system) is an organ system that gives animals (including humans) the ability to move using the muscular and skeletal systems.

The musculoskeletal system provides form, support, stability, and movement to the body.

It is made up of the body's bones (the skeleton), muscles, cartilage,tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue that supports and binds tissues and organs together.

Its primary functions include supporting the body, allowing motion, and protecting vital organs

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR MUSCLES IN THE BODY

TERMS USEDCOMBINING WORDS

MEANING EXAMPLES

Arthr/o joint arthroscopy

Chondr/o cartilage chondroma

Cost/o rib costochondritis

Crani/o skull craniotomy

Ligament/o ligament ligamentous

My/o muscle myosarcoma

Myel/o Bone marrow myelodysplasia

Spondyl/o vertebra intervertebral

Tendin/o Tendon tendinitis

Myos/o muscle myositis

Pathological terms

Ankylosing spondylitis Carpal tunnel syndrome Gouty arthritis Muscular dystrophy Osteoporosis Rheumatoid arthritis

Ankylosing spondylitis: is a long-term disease that causes inflammation of the joints between the spinal bones, and the joints between the spine and pelvis. It eventually causes the affected spinal bones to join together.

Carpal tunnel syndrome: is pressure on the median nerve -- the nerve in the wrist that supplies feeling and movement to parts of the hand. It can lead to numbness, tingling, weakness, or muscle damage in the hand and finger

Ankylosing spondylitis

Muscular dystrophy : is a group of inherited disorders that involve muscle weakness and loss of muscle tissue, which get worse over time.

Osteoporosis: is the thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time. There are no symptoms in the early stages of the disease.

Rheumatoid arthritis

is a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues.

Osteoporosis

Diagnostic procedures

Antinuclear antibody (ANA) test

Arthrocentesis Arthrography Bone scan Calcium

Electromyography (EMG) Erythrocyte sedimentation

rate (ESR) Muscle biopsy Bone density test Uric acid test

Treatment procedures

Arthroplasty Endoscopic diskectomy Laminectomy Microscopic diskectomy Vertebroplasty

Abbreviations NSAID ROM IM C1-C7 L1-L5

T1-T12 Ca Ortho PT