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![Page 1: Low Crop Prices led to debt Deflation- not a lot of money available Led to high interest rates and banks would not loan money to farmers.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062600/5a4d1b3c7f8b9ab05999f123/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Low Crop Prices led to debt Deflation- not a lot of money available Led to high interest rates and banks
would not loan money to farmers
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Bi-Metalism- switch to a gold/silver standard
Increase money supply and allow banks more opportunity to give loans
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Railroads overcharged farmers to store and ship crops= more debt
Railroads gave industrialists rebates and reduce charges
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Government Control Railroads and Telegraphs- keep prices fair and fixed
Interstate Commerce Act- railroads must publish rates (ICC- govt. agency in control)
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State legislatures appoint Senators Industry and wealthy able to control
government and appointments Senate referred to as the “rich man’s
club”
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Direct Election of Senators- people elect Senators
Lead to 17th Amendment
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Extreme income gap between rich and poor
Farmers and factory workers in debt and facing financial problems
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Graduated Income Tax Income tax= tax on earnings Graduated Income Tax- wealthy pay
more (tax based on how much you earn)
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Politicians overly influenced by wealthy business owners
Credit Mobilier Scandal- Railroad owners bribe government officials for loans and money that was stolen and not used for railroad
President Grant’s Administration involved
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One Term President- presidents only serve one term (4 years)
22nd Amendment- limited President to 2 terms
Initiative- people propose bills Referendum- people vote on and pass
bills
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Workers Low Pay Long Hours Dangerous Conditions
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire 1911 146 sweatshop women killed due to unsafe
conditions
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8 hour workday for workers Minimum Wage Laws will eventually be
passed State government’s begin to pass laws
that require safer working conditions
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William Jennings Bryant nominated by Democratic and Populist Party-Cross of Gold Speech – supports the “free coinage of silver” (silverites)
William McKinley nominated by Republicans- supports America remaining on the gold standards (goldbugs)
McKinley wins the election and the Populist Party dies out, but its reform ideas are adopted by Republicans and Democrats during the Progressive Era (1890 – 1920)
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