-Lesson 03 Philosophy of Man
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Transcript of -Lesson 03 Philosophy of Man
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What sort of thing am I?Where do I come from?
Why am I here?
What is my future anddestiny?
What must I do to live well
and happy?
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Philosophical Reflections on theProblem of the Body
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Man is his soul.
Soul is the essence ofhis humanity and thesource of all his
activities.The human body is an
unfortunate accidentand a cruelimprisonment.
Thus, a person shouldtry to evade his body inhis search for reality
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Man is the whole
of his body and
soul.
The relation of
the body to the
soul is therelation of matter
to form.
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Man can be divided intobody and soul, and nodoubt that the soul ismore important.
The soul is not a soul ifnot the soul of a body.
The end of the body is tobe filled with soul.
Man is the unity of thebody and soul, and he canonly exist as this unity.
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Man is not his soul for
the very essence of soul
inherently needs to be
one with the body
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There can be no unity ofthe body and the soulbecause they areessentially different.
Body – physical, material, concreteSoul (i.e. mind) – non-physical,immaterial, abstract
Because of the conflictingnatures of body and soul,
Descartes rejects thehylomorphic theory of
Aristotle.
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One of the defenders of
phenomenology
The experience of the body
is the primary datum that is
the starting point of any
philosophical reflection of
man.
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There are two faces
shown in the experience
of the body:• “I am my body”
• “I have my body”
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“I am my body” “I have my body”
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• I cannot detach my body from myself
• If I were asked about myself, my answers
inescapably have reference to my body.
• Thus, I recognize that there’s an intimate relationof myself with my body.
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I cannot reduce myself to my body
I can also experience myself as a spirit and will that can
never be imprisoned in a body
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The Body as an
Intermediary• My body is an intermediary
between myself and theworld.
• On one hand, I experience
the world through my body.
• On the other hand, I
experience the world as
separate from me.
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The Body inIntersubjectivity• My body is not only an
intermediary between me
and the world but alsobetween me and others.• On one hand, I show myself
to the other and the othershows himself through the
body.• On the other hand, I canhide myself from othersthrough my body.