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207 OS -54363 UpenecllhlH 1700plusmn35 1 cr 260-400 rr H3 3Tan4 CDIS BycYHcKaJl yrollb 20250-420 rr 11 3

209 OS-54330 upeBecHblH 1600plusmn35 1cr 41 0-540 rr 11 3 3Tan4 CDIS BycYHcKaJl yrolll 2cr 390-550 rr H3

C3 AA52921 upeBecHLIH 715plusmn33BP Icr 1260-1295 rr H3 3ran 5 ACDIS MOHrollbcKaJl yrollb 2cr 1220-1390 rr H3

404 OS-54378 UpeBecHblf 575plusmn30 Icr 1315-1410 rr H3 3Tan 5 ACDlS 301l0TaJI oplla

yrollb 2cr 1300-1420 rr H3 104 OS-54 160 upeBecHblH 135plusmn35 Icr 1680-1940 rr H3 3Tan 6 ACDIS KaJaxcKaJlilJKYHrapcKaJI

yrollb 2cr 1660-1950 rr H3 I 406 OS- 54383 upeBeCHbJf 110plusmn25 1cr 1690-1920 rr H3 3Tan 6 ACDlS KaJaxcKaHiulK)HrapCKaJI

yrollb 2cr 1680-1940 rr H3 305 OS- 54375 upeBecHblf 100plusmn30 Icr 1690-1920 rr H3 3Tan 6 ACDIS KaJaxcKallulK)HrapCKaJI

yrollb 2cr 1680-1940 rr H3

73

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76

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roplIIKH a YKpalIIeHHR COOTHOCRTCR C n03nHeltpenoshy BapHrenbHaR OQeHKa KOJ1WIeCTBa BHnOB HneHTI1ltpHshy

POBCKHMH aTacyHCKHMH 6era3bI-naMbI6aeBcKHshy Ql1pOBaHHbIX Ha YIaCTKe nOKa3bIBaeT ITO caMbIshy

MI1 H nOHraJIbCKHMH ltpOPMaMl1 (puc 8)4 3Tan 2- MI1 pacnpOCTpaHeHHblMI1nOMarnHHMI1 )f(HBOTHbIMH

no npHMepHo 30-CaHTHMerpoBoe CTpaTl1rpaltpHlecshy 6blnl1 OBQbl (Ovis ) (OK0J10 75) naJIee cnenOBaJI

Koe 113MeHeHI1e no BceMY yqaCTKY B KOTOPOM 3aKshy KpynHoporaThlH CKOT (Bos taurus ) (oKOno 15)

J1lOIeHO OKono 600 J1eT nepHo)W-IecKOro 3aCeneHHR a nowMI1 COCTaBJ1jiJ1H npOnOPQHOHaJIbHO MeHblll)IO

YlHTbIBaR OTCYTcTBl1e Ha MeCTe CBI1neTenbCTB laCTb cOBOKynHOCTH (MeHee 5)6

060c06J1eHHoro leTKOrO ropl130HTa 3aCeJ1eHHR cneshy )Vui CpaBHeHHR apxeonofWIeCKaR ltpaYHa 06Hashy

nyeT ClHTaTb lT0 MaTepl1aJIbI 113 TIoro nana 6bInH pyeHHaR npH pacKOnK3X B noceneHlill n03J)-1ero 6POHshy

nepeMelIIaHbl B npOQecce nepI10nI1leCKOrO B03Bpashy 30BOro BeKa B TaJIanTbI pacnpenemuracb cnenyJOll(Jfill

lueHI1R Ha YlaCTOK COOTBeTCTBeHHO KepaMI1Ka 06pa30M 75 - OBQbI 20 - KpyrrnopOraTbrH CKOT 11

norpe6eHHaR Ha 60nee paHHHx Hanax BftOJiHe Morshy 5 - nowMI17 Ha cerollfulwHIIii neHb ltpHTOJ1HTHshy

na 6blTb nepeMewaHa C nonaMH H ypOBHRMI1 3aceshy 4eCKHe LJaHHJle WIH 06pa3I1hI ]ThlJibQbl Ha YIaCTKe He

J1eHHR npl1 60nee n03nHHX nepl1onax npO)f(I1BaHHR yKa3blBaIOT Ha HaJTIl1e OKYJ1brypeHHbIX pacTeHHi18 a

BO BpeMR pblTbR RM BOCCTaHOBneHHR OlarOB H npenBapHTeJIbHbIH aHaJIH3 MaKp060TaHWIecKHX ocshy

BblpaBHHBalll1R nonOB B03MO)f(HO B pe3ynbTaTe TaTlOB Ha yqaCTKe no Merony ltPJ1OTaQHH He nOKa3aJI

3TOH neRTenbHOCTI1 KepaMHleCKHe ltpOpMbI 3Tana 2 HaJJHlHji 3JiaKOBbIX JltYl1bTYp TeM He MeHee ceHiac

60nee pa3Ho06pa3HbI 1eM Ha nane 1b lTO YKa3b1- npOBOnHTCli KOMnneKcmm apxeonoro-6OTaHHleCKHH

BaeT KaK Ha xpOHOnOf11eCKOe pacnpocrpaHeHl1e aHaJIH3 nOCKOJIbKy Ha yqaCTKax B 60nee mHpOKOM peshy

MaTepl1aJIa TaK H Ha 113MeHeHI1e B COQl1aJIbHOM B3a- mOHaJIbHOM MaClIITa6e HaHneHbI 0(H03Ha4HbJe CBI1shy

I1MoneHcTBHI1 B TeleHl1e BTOPOH 110nOB11HbI 2-ro neTeJIbCTBa J3bIpauumaHHR npoca)0Ke B 750 r nH39

bull CM TaK)I(e rOPJl~e6 ApxeOnOrHyeCKHe naMlITHHKH 6p0H30BOrO BeKa II CeMHpelbe I nO11 pe11 K3TpHH M JIHH11acpcp laquoMe-rannyprnJI B 11peBHetl BOCTOYHOH EBPa3HH OT Ypana 110 )(enrotl peKH) fuIOHCTOH 11311-80 )11BHHa Menne~Ia 2004 C 109-138

cPpallemmu u EelleKeFrom Sheep to (some) horses 4500 years of herd structure at the pastoralist settlement Begash

Antiquity (In press) 2009 6 Ibid

7 MapbJllUe6 nerpornHcpbllO)I(Horo Ka3axcTaHa H CeMHpeYbli NrMaTbl AKMCMHJI HaYK 199464 8 Ay6eKepo6 EYJlam )c Humamo6a Cauda A u cPpa~emmu MauKJI4 feoMopcponOmqeCKHe OC06eHHOCTH paloHa apxeonoshy

mqeCKOrO nawlTHHKa DHraw ceBepHol J]lKYHrapHH II AKryanhHble np06neMbl reOCHCTeM apHJHhlX TeppHTopHH AnMaTbl Ka3axshy

CKHH HaJHoHanbHbIH YHHBepcHTer 2003 C 287-289 9 MWIflep-POY3ell -lallz u rpuZopbe6 flaneOKnHMaT H 3KOHOMHKa )l(ene3HOro BeKa CaKa-YCYlICKHX 3eMne11enbuell-CKOTOBOshy

11OB B IOro-BOCTOqHOM Ka3axcTaHe II Antiquity 74(285) 2000 C 611-623

--= 78

l

I

TaJOfM 06Pa30M MO)J(HO O)J(HAaTh HaXOAOK HeKOTOshy

phlX ltpOpM orpaHWleHHoro npoH3BoAcTBa Ha npOTJIshy

)JeHHH )JeJIe3Horo BeKa B lVKyHrapcKoM pemoHe

TIpe06naAalOmee HaJIlNHe CBHAeTeJIhCTB K)nh1pshy

HOH ltpa)Hhl BO Bcex K)JIhTyPHhrx CllOJlX B DHrame

OTcyTcTBHe 60TaHHleCKHX OCTaTKOB oKyTIhrypeHshy

HhIX paCTeHHH a TaK)J(e AHHaMHlfHaJi H OrpaRHleHshy

HaSl 3KOnOrHJI eCTeCTBeHHblX nacroHm B ~Hrapshy

CKHX ropax - Bce 3TO roBOPHT 0 TOM lTO CKOTOshy

BOACTBO 6hlno npe06JIaAaIOmHM 06pa30M COllHaJIbshy

HOH H 3KOHOMJ1lleCKOH JKH3HH B AOJ1tme KOKcy H B

bHrarne HalHHaSI C 6POH30BOro BeKa H B 60nee noshy

3AHHe nepHOAhl

)1mI peKOHCTP)KlUfH naJIeOKJIHMara H naJIeonpHshy

POAhl ~rapCKHX rop B 6POH30BOM BeKe Hcnonhshy

30BaJICli H aHaJIH3 naJIeOnOlB H naJIeOnhUlhUhl H3 1o DHrama TIpH nOMOIUH reorpaltpWleCKOH HHltpopMashy

llHOHHOH CHCTeMbl (rne) 3TH AaHHhle 6hIJ1H conocshy

TaBneHhl C COBpeMeHHblMH nOKaJaTeJISIMH paCTHshy

TenhHOCTli llJISl npOBeAeHHJI oueHKH nacroHm no

reorpaltpH-IeCKOMY pacnpeAeneHHlO H ce30HHhlM

Kone6aHHJlM npOayKTIiBHOCTH nacroHm B AOllHHe

KOKcy H OKp))KaIOmHX npeArophllX PaClleThI noshy

Ka3anH lTO npOAYKTHBHOCTh BhlcOKoropHhlX

nacroHll (gt 1500 M) B paAH)ce 100 KM OT bHrama

60nee leM B JeThlpe paJa BhIme leM Y HH3HHHhlX

laquo 800 M) apHAHhlX 30H B lleTHHe MeCJlUhl 11 Ymshy

TblBaJi AHeTeTHleCKHe nOTpe6HocTH oKynhTypeHshy

HblX BHAOB qa)Hhl H3BJIeJeHHhlX H3 apxeonorWlecshy

KHX cnoeB B bHrame 6hlno BhllHCneHO lTO HHshy

3HHHble nacT6Hma BOKpyr nOCeneHHSl DHraw He

MOrITH B )lOCTaTOllHOH Mepe 06ecne-nmaTh CTaAa

1HCJIeHHOCThlO 60JIee CTa ycnoBHhlX eAHHHU CKOshy

Ta B JIeTHee BpeMJI CKopee Bcero HCnOJIh30BaJIHCh

60raThle BhICOKoropHhle nacroHma 13 ropHhIX OKshy

peCTHOCTJlX B 3HMHee BpeMlI MeCTOHaXO)J(lleHHe

bHrarna 6hlno oc06eHHO YJl06HhIM nOCKOJIhKY ero

paCnOJIQ)KeHHe B ymenbe 06eCne1HBaeT 3allHTy

OT BeTpa a TenJIOBOe B03JleHCTBHe CKJlOHOB H3

1epHOro KaMHlI Ha ceBepHOH CTCHe nOllHHhl coshy

3AaeT cpaBHHTenhHO 60nee TennylO MHKPO-HHrny

10 Ay6eKep06 HUCMarn06a ctgtpalernrnu 2003 II ctgtpaljlernrnu 2004

-1 ~

I f1eM OTKphIThle yC1nhl npHJIeralOllerO npH6pe)Jshy

Horo 6acceHHa

TaKHM 06PaJOM 3KOnOrHIeCKOe pacnOJIo)J(eshy

HHe AaHHoro Y1aCTKa HaH60JIee COBMeCTHMO C noshy

nyroAHllHOH cxeMOH BepTHKaJIhHOrO nepeMemeshy

HHlI CBJl3aHHOH C npOKopMOM KpynHoro poraToro

CKOTa H OBeu B ropHOM pemOHe OrroHHoe CKOTOshy

BOACTBO B 1VKYHrapCKHX ropax nOAP06HO AOKyshy

MeHTHpOBaHO B 3THorpaltpHlleCKOM nJIaHe12 nOAshyI KpenmlJl 3KOJIOrHlleCKHe peKOHcrpYKUHH onpeAeshy JIJllOmHe DHrarn KaK 3HMHee noceneHHe KOTopoe

peryn5lpHo 3aCeJI5IJIOCh Ka)J(AhIH rOA HnH Aa)J(c

lame IJ TIpHMellaTellhHO liTO cxeMa ce30HHoro

OTrOHHoro CKOTOBOACTBa H 3HMHero nOCeneHHJI Ii AeMOHcTpHpyeMaJi 3KOnOrHleCKHMH H apxeonorHshy

leCKHMH AaHHhlMH bHrallla npeACTaBJIJleTCli B

l(ellOM OAHHaKOBOH Ha npOTlI)J(eHHH Bcero Aonroshy

BpeMeHHoro HCnOJIh30BaHHJI YllaCTKa XOT5I H cyshy

meCTBYJOT KOJIe6aHHJI B 06UIHPHOCTH H YCTOHllHshy

BOCTH AaHHOH CTpaTerHH B paJnHllHhle nePHOAhl

(noAp06Hee onHcaHO HIDKe) YlHThIBaSI 3TH 06mHe

xapaKTepHCTHKH MeCTHOH CKOTOBOAleCKOH 3KOshy

nomH 06panlMC5I K HCTOPHH nOCeneHHJI YCTaHOBshy

neHHOH B caMOM bHrame H ee 3HaleHHIO AnJi MOshy

AeneH nepeABIDKeHHJI B3aHMOAeHCTBHJI C CKOTOshy

BOAOB H3 APyrHX AonHH apeana

BblBOAhl rJIaBHhIM BOnpOCOM MHorHX Teopeshy

TJ1lleCKHX cnopOB 0 eBpaJHjcKHX KOleBHHKax JlBnll shy

CTClI 3BOmOl(HJl KOleBHJ1lleCKoro Me)KpemOHaJIhHoro

nepeMemeHHJI14 n03TOMY npeACTaBneHHe AeTaJIhshy

Horo apxeonorHlleCKoro aHaJIH3a 3BOJllOUH CKOTOshy

BOA-leCKliX nOCeJIeHliH 6POH30Boro BeKa BHOCHT

HeOuemlMhlH BKJlaA B nepeOCMhlCJIeHHe 60JIee

mHpOKHX TeopHH npOHCXO)J(lleHHJI CTenHhlX co06shy

meCTBO BO 2-0M ThICJ1leneTHH AH3 H B 60JIee

n03AHHe BpeMeHaY B llaCTHOCTH perHOHaJIhHOe

H3YlleHHe CKOTOBOJlOB 6POH30BOH 3noXH OCTaeTCJI

npe06JIaAaIOmHM B 06hJlCHeHHH MHOrOlHCneHHhlX

HOBllIeCTB Ha npOTJI)J(eHHH 2-ro ThICJI1eneTHJlAH3

TaKHX KaK pacnpOCTpaHeHHe HHAoeBponeHCKHX

Jl3hIKOB pacnpOCTpaHeHHe e3AhI Ha nomaAJlX H

~ 1

nEPBOEhiTHAfl J1PPEBHflJlAPXEOJlOTJ15I

12 MacaHo6 HE r KOleBaR UHBHnHnUHlI KaJaxOB OCHODh1 lKH3HenellTenr HOCTH HOManHoro o6mecTDa AnMarrJ fOPH30HT

1995 I) ctgtpalemrnu 2006 14 J(u KOCMO HUKona )IpeBHHA KHTali H era Dpam pOCT DmlJlHHJI KOlCBbl X nneMeH B HCTOpHH BOCTOlHOii A3HH KeM6pHDlK

l-bn-Bo YHHBepCHTeTa KeM6pHllKa 2003 I Cpo JaH z fUayoua BeNeKe Hop6eprn rpUZopbe6 ctgteoop JI POY3eH ApneH M u ToprneJorn Jleppu A r 06meCTBO H

XpOHonorHll lKene3Hora BeKa Ha IOra-3anane KaJaxCTaHa II Antiquity 2003 77(296) C 298-312

79

H3BECTH51 HAH PK CepWl o6UfeCmeeHHbIX HayK 2009 Ng I

3man 2 (1625-1000 ee 00 H3) ApxeonorHshy TbICRleJ1eTHJI no H3 B KOHelHOM HTore cTpaTHrshy

1eCKHe naHHble 3Tana 2 OTPltl)f(aJOT nepl1on MeHee paltpI11eCKHe H MaTepHaJIbHble OCTaTKH 3Tana 2 B

nOCTORHHoro 3aCeneHI1R yqaCTKa no cprumemno C oHrame MorYT OTpa)aTb nepHon paCIlIHpeHI1R

60nee coxpammrueHcR apXJITeKTYPOH 3TallOB 1a 11 1b rpaHHQ paCeJ1eHHR KOHQe 6poH30Boro BeKa B 3TO

B cTparnrpaltpHIeCKOM OTHorueH1111 nan 2 xapaKshy BpeMR yqacToK HcnOnb30BaJICR C MeHbruHM nOCTOshy

Tepl13YeTCR HaCbInHbIMI1 CJ10RMI1 60raTbIMI1 MaTeshy RHCTBOM J1H60 HcnOnh30BaJICR rpynnaMH C 60nee

Pl1aJIbHbIMH meMeHTaMI1 a TaIOKe PRLJOM npH3Hashy lIIHpOKHMH paMKaMI1 ce30HHblX nepeMellleHHH 11

KOB OiaroB 11 ymy6J1eHHH He CBR3aHHbIX C BblPOBshy COQl1aJIbHOrO B3aHMoneHCTBHR

HeHHhIMH ltpYMaMeHTaMl1 I1J1I1 KaMeHHbIMI1 KOHCTshy 3KoHoMuKa H 3KOJIOrUA ApxeonOrHleCKHe

pyRllJIlIMI1 3T0 He 03HaiaeT ITO ltpYMaMeHTbI 11 ltPaYHoBbIe 11 naJ1e060TaHWlecKHe naHHble nOKa3blshy

pa36HBKI1 HanOB 1 a 11 1b cOBeprueHHo He I1CnOJ1b- BalOT ITO OCHOBY 3KOHOMI1KH ropHblx 06111HH B Ceshy

30BaJII1Cb )fUneJ1RMI1 HO 03HaiaeT J1HlUb TO ITO MHpelbe COCTaBJUlJ10 fJiaBHblM 06Pa30M pa3Beneshy

HaCbInHbJe ypOBHH 3Tana 2 c1paTHrpaltpHIeCKI1 HHe OBeQ K03 H KpynHoporaTOro CKOTa co 3Ha411shy

HaJIaraJOTCR Ha ltpHlaMeHTbI yKa3bIBaR Ha B03MO)f(shy TeJ1bHbIM 3J1eMeHTOM nHKHX )KllBOTHbIX HalI1HaR C

HYJO nepenJ1rurupoBKy CTpYK1YPbI nOCeneHHR Hall1- n03nHeH 1aCTI1 paHHero 6POH30BOro BeKa (2450 r

HaH C cepenHHbI 2-ro TbICRIeneTHR nH3 nH3) H n03nHee5 CTpaTl1rpaltpI11eCKH COOTHeceHshy

3Tan 2 TaK)f(e npencT3BnReT C060H H3MeHeHI1e HaR CTaTI1CTHKa H NISP (HMI1BI1nyaJIbHOe KOnHleshy

B MarepHaJIbHOH KynbTYpe oc06eHHo B KepaMl1Ke 11 CTBO BHnOBHX 3KCeMnJIRpoB) no naHHbIM 0 ltpaYHe

6POH30BOM J1I1Tbe ilpe06J1anaJOT neKOpl1pOBaHHble Ha yqacTKe nOKa OTCyrCTBYeT TeM He MeHee npenshy

roplIIKH a YKpalIIeHHR COOTHOCRTCR C n03nHeltpenoshy BapHrenbHaR OQeHKa KOJ1WIeCTBa BHnOB HneHTI1ltpHshy

POBCKHMH aTacyHCKHMH 6era3bI-naMbI6aeBcKHshy Ql1pOBaHHbIX Ha YIaCTKe nOKa3bIBaeT ITO caMbIshy

MI1 H nOHraJIbCKHMH ltpOPMaMl1 (puc 8)4 3Tan 2- MI1 pacnpOCTpaHeHHblMI1nOMarnHHMI1 )f(HBOTHbIMH

no npHMepHo 30-CaHTHMerpoBoe CTpaTl1rpaltpHlecshy 6blnl1 OBQbl (Ovis ) (OK0J10 75) naJIee cnenOBaJI

Koe 113MeHeHI1e no BceMY yqaCTKY B KOTOPOM 3aKshy KpynHoporaThlH CKOT (Bos taurus ) (oKOno 15)

J1lOIeHO OKono 600 J1eT nepHo)W-IecKOro 3aCeneHHR a nowMI1 COCTaBJ1jiJ1H npOnOPQHOHaJIbHO MeHblll)IO

YlHTbIBaR OTCYTcTBl1e Ha MeCTe CBI1neTenbCTB laCTb cOBOKynHOCTH (MeHee 5)6

060c06J1eHHoro leTKOrO ropl130HTa 3aCeJ1eHHR cneshy )Vui CpaBHeHHR apxeonofWIeCKaR ltpaYHa 06Hashy

nyeT ClHTaTb lT0 MaTepl1aJIbI 113 TIoro nana 6bInH pyeHHaR npH pacKOnK3X B noceneHlill n03J)-1ero 6POHshy

nepeMelIIaHbl B npOQecce nepI10nI1leCKOrO B03Bpashy 30BOro BeKa B TaJIanTbI pacnpenemuracb cnenyJOll(Jfill

lueHI1R Ha YlaCTOK COOTBeTCTBeHHO KepaMI1Ka 06pa30M 75 - OBQbI 20 - KpyrrnopOraTbrH CKOT 11

norpe6eHHaR Ha 60nee paHHHx Hanax BftOJiHe Morshy 5 - nowMI17 Ha cerollfulwHIIii neHb ltpHTOJ1HTHshy

na 6blTb nepeMewaHa C nonaMH H ypOBHRMI1 3aceshy 4eCKHe LJaHHJle WIH 06pa3I1hI ]ThlJibQbl Ha YIaCTKe He

J1eHHR npl1 60nee n03nHHX nepl1onax npO)f(I1BaHHR yKa3blBaIOT Ha HaJTIl1e OKYJ1brypeHHbIX pacTeHHi18 a

BO BpeMR pblTbR RM BOCCTaHOBneHHR OlarOB H npenBapHTeJIbHbIH aHaJIH3 MaKp060TaHWIecKHX ocshy

BblpaBHHBalll1R nonOB B03MO)f(HO B pe3ynbTaTe TaTlOB Ha yqaCTKe no Merony ltPJ1OTaQHH He nOKa3aJI

3TOH neRTenbHOCTI1 KepaMHleCKHe ltpOpMbI 3Tana 2 HaJJHlHji 3JiaKOBbIX JltYl1bTYp TeM He MeHee ceHiac

60nee pa3Ho06pa3HbI 1eM Ha nane 1b lTO YKa3b1- npOBOnHTCli KOMnneKcmm apxeonoro-6OTaHHleCKHH

BaeT KaK Ha xpOHOnOf11eCKOe pacnpocrpaHeHl1e aHaJIH3 nOCKOJIbKy Ha yqaCTKax B 60nee mHpOKOM peshy

MaTepl1aJIa TaK H Ha 113MeHeHI1e B COQl1aJIbHOM B3a- mOHaJIbHOM MaClIITa6e HaHneHbI 0(H03Ha4HbJe CBI1shy

I1MoneHcTBHI1 B TeleHl1e BTOPOH 110nOB11HbI 2-ro neTeJIbCTBa J3bIpauumaHHR npoca)0Ke B 750 r nH39

bull CM TaK)I(e rOPJl~e6 ApxeOnOrHyeCKHe naMlITHHKH 6p0H30BOrO BeKa II CeMHpelbe I nO11 pe11 K3TpHH M JIHH11acpcp laquoMe-rannyprnJI B 11peBHetl BOCTOYHOH EBPa3HH OT Ypana 110 )(enrotl peKH) fuIOHCTOH 11311-80 )11BHHa Menne~Ia 2004 C 109-138

cPpallemmu u EelleKeFrom Sheep to (some) horses 4500 years of herd structure at the pastoralist settlement Begash

Antiquity (In press) 2009 6 Ibid

7 MapbJllUe6 nerpornHcpbllO)I(Horo Ka3axcTaHa H CeMHpeYbli NrMaTbl AKMCMHJI HaYK 199464 8 Ay6eKepo6 EYJlam )c Humamo6a Cauda A u cPpa~emmu MauKJI4 feoMopcponOmqeCKHe OC06eHHOCTH paloHa apxeonoshy

mqeCKOrO nawlTHHKa DHraw ceBepHol J]lKYHrapHH II AKryanhHble np06neMbl reOCHCTeM apHJHhlX TeppHTopHH AnMaTbl Ka3axshy

CKHH HaJHoHanbHbIH YHHBepcHTer 2003 C 287-289 9 MWIflep-POY3ell -lallz u rpuZopbe6 flaneOKnHMaT H 3KOHOMHKa )l(ene3HOro BeKa CaKa-YCYlICKHX 3eMne11enbuell-CKOTOBOshy

11OB B IOro-BOCTOqHOM Ka3axcTaHe II Antiquity 74(285) 2000 C 611-623

--= 78

l

I

TaJOfM 06Pa30M MO)J(HO O)J(HAaTh HaXOAOK HeKOTOshy

phlX ltpOpM orpaHWleHHoro npoH3BoAcTBa Ha npOTJIshy

)JeHHH )JeJIe3Horo BeKa B lVKyHrapcKoM pemoHe

TIpe06naAalOmee HaJIlNHe CBHAeTeJIhCTB K)nh1pshy

HOH ltpa)Hhl BO Bcex K)JIhTyPHhrx CllOJlX B DHrame

OTcyTcTBHe 60TaHHleCKHX OCTaTKOB oKyTIhrypeHshy

HhIX paCTeHHH a TaK)J(e AHHaMHlfHaJi H OrpaRHleHshy

HaSl 3KOnOrHJI eCTeCTBeHHblX nacroHm B ~Hrapshy

CKHX ropax - Bce 3TO roBOPHT 0 TOM lTO CKOTOshy

BOACTBO 6hlno npe06JIaAaIOmHM 06pa30M COllHaJIbshy

HOH H 3KOHOMJ1lleCKOH JKH3HH B AOJ1tme KOKcy H B

bHrarne HalHHaSI C 6POH30BOro BeKa H B 60nee noshy

3AHHe nepHOAhl

)1mI peKOHCTP)KlUfH naJIeOKJIHMara H naJIeonpHshy

POAhl ~rapCKHX rop B 6POH30BOM BeKe Hcnonhshy

30BaJICli H aHaJIH3 naJIeOnOlB H naJIeOnhUlhUhl H3 1o DHrama TIpH nOMOIUH reorpaltpWleCKOH HHltpopMashy

llHOHHOH CHCTeMbl (rne) 3TH AaHHhle 6hIJ1H conocshy

TaBneHhl C COBpeMeHHblMH nOKaJaTeJISIMH paCTHshy

TenhHOCTli llJISl npOBeAeHHJI oueHKH nacroHm no

reorpaltpH-IeCKOMY pacnpeAeneHHlO H ce30HHhlM

Kone6aHHJlM npOayKTIiBHOCTH nacroHm B AOllHHe

KOKcy H OKp))KaIOmHX npeArophllX PaClleThI noshy

Ka3anH lTO npOAYKTHBHOCTh BhlcOKoropHhlX

nacroHll (gt 1500 M) B paAH)ce 100 KM OT bHrama

60nee leM B JeThlpe paJa BhIme leM Y HH3HHHhlX

laquo 800 M) apHAHhlX 30H B lleTHHe MeCJlUhl 11 Ymshy

TblBaJi AHeTeTHleCKHe nOTpe6HocTH oKynhTypeHshy

HblX BHAOB qa)Hhl H3BJIeJeHHhlX H3 apxeonorWlecshy

KHX cnoeB B bHrame 6hlno BhllHCneHO lTO HHshy

3HHHble nacT6Hma BOKpyr nOCeneHHSl DHraw He

MOrITH B )lOCTaTOllHOH Mepe 06ecne-nmaTh CTaAa

1HCJIeHHOCThlO 60JIee CTa ycnoBHhlX eAHHHU CKOshy

Ta B JIeTHee BpeMJI CKopee Bcero HCnOJIh30BaJIHCh

60raThle BhICOKoropHhle nacroHma 13 ropHhIX OKshy

peCTHOCTJlX B 3HMHee BpeMlI MeCTOHaXO)J(lleHHe

bHrarna 6hlno oc06eHHO YJl06HhIM nOCKOJIhKY ero

paCnOJIQ)KeHHe B ymenbe 06eCne1HBaeT 3allHTy

OT BeTpa a TenJIOBOe B03JleHCTBHe CKJlOHOB H3

1epHOro KaMHlI Ha ceBepHOH CTCHe nOllHHhl coshy

3AaeT cpaBHHTenhHO 60nee TennylO MHKPO-HHrny

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Summary

Here we present the materia from excavations at the Bronze Age settlement Bigash located in the Koksu region of Semirechye (Jetisu) The results show a complex pastoraJist life way was already active as early as 2450 cal BC and it continued throughout the 2 millennium Be The chronology is documented by 34 AMS dates (C14) and allows for a detailed discussion of settlement construction and material cultural development in the region as a local phenomenon rather than the result of regional migration

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peMemeIDUI H C03QaHHe QonrOapeMeHHbIX rroceneshy

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perHOHaJIbHblX CKOTOBOQIeCKHX naHQWaqTOB H

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l1QeH npennaraeTCH B KaIeCTBe aJIbTepHaTHBHOrO

06bHCHeHlUl paCnpOcrpaHeHlUl MaTepHaJIOB 6POHshy

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npOTIDKeHHH 2 - ro TblCHleJlenlH QO H3 H B 60nee

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Summary

Here we present the materia from excavations at the Bronze Age settlement Bigash located in the Koksu region of Semirechye (Jetisu) The results show a complex pastoraJist life way was already active as early as 2450 cal BC and it continued throughout the 2 millennium Be The chronology is documented by 34 AMS dates (C14) and allows for a detailed discussion of settlement construction and material cultural development in the region as a local phenomenon rather than the result of regional migration

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