BWC Conference for ASEAN State Parties: Preparedness to Respond to the Deliberate Use of Biological Weapons

June 6&7, 2019

Bangkok, THAILAND

The EU-CBRN CoE

EU-CBRN CoE Regional Secretariat for South East Asia:

EV Castriciones-On-Site Assistance (OSA) Technical Expert

EU CBRN Risk Mitigation Centers of Excellence Initiative

• EU-funded initiative to mitigate the risks related to chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) materials, launched in 2010

• All-hazards approach:• criminal (e.g. theft, sabotage, illicit trafficking and terrorism)• accidental (e.g. industrial accidents, waste treatment, transport incidents)• natural (e.g. infectious disease outbreaks, CBRN releases caused by natural hazards)

• Objective: Create a framework for coordination and cooperation at national, regional and international level to enhance CBRN policies and capabilities

Main Task of EU-CBRN CoE

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THE NETWORK STRUCTURE:(NFPs & CBRN-NTs > PC’s > > CoE’s)

The EU CBRN CoE Approach

1. Establish a CBRN National Team• Representatives from all government

bodies addressing CBRN risks• National coordination mechanism

2. Needs Assessment Questionnaire (NAQ)• First global overview of potential gaps

3. CBRN National Action Plan (NAP)• Risk assessment -> Priorities• Map existing capabilities• International obligations• Gap analysis• Create table of actions

4. Elaborate (regional) Project Proposals

CBRN National

Team(NT)

Ministry of

Foreign Affairs Ministry

of Interior

Customs

PoCof IOs

…Ministry of

Justice

Ministry of

Defense

Ministry Industry

and Trade

Ministry of Health

CBRN National Focal Point

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** RS with On-site technical assistance experts;

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** **

**

**

****

CBRN CoE Regional Secretariat South East Asia (Manila)

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✔

✔

✔

Ms. Silvia Bottone, CBRN CoE Programme Manager SEA, DG DEVCO, BrusselsMr. Robert Frank, EU Regional Cooperation Officer, Manila

Atty. Florentino Manalastas

Lt. General Ke Da

Mr. Harro WittermansMs. Catherine Benedicto

Ms. Emily Castriciones ✔ On-Site Assistance (OSA) Technical Expert

THE METHODOLOGY:(Pre-NAQ >> NAQ >> (RA) >> CBRN NAP)

CBRN NATIONAL ACTION PLAN (NAP)A STRATEGIC DOCUMENT

WHAT IS THE CBRN NAP?• Comprehensive national policy for CBRN Risk Mitigation

(Natural, Accidental, Deliberate) • Integrates all governmental bodies and stakeholders

charged with C, B, R-N issues• Defines national level priorities for enhancing capabilities in

crisis management: prevention, detection, preparedness & response and recovery

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HOW CBRN NAP IS DEVELOPED: NAQ/NAP PROCESS• Needs Assessment Questionnaire

(NAQ) • Draft CBRN National Action Plan**Risk Assessment/Scenarios

NAQ to NAP process flow

CoE NAQ?

Initiate NAP

Initiate NAQ

Internal PC Needs Ass.

Download NAQ package

NAQ support

?

CoE supported NAQ workshop

PC and expert review

Completed NAQ

Share NAQ?NAQ DB

Y

Y

N

Y

N

N

NAQ-NAP Report

Risk Assessment

Y

(Internal Process)Figure from JRC

CBRN Risk Assessment – bridging NAQ to NAP

Risk Assessment represents a support to decisions aimed at preventing or mitigating the consequences of CBRN events.

The outcome of RA can serve as a basis to prioritize actions and investments in areas identified as relevant for the country.

CoE CycleofActivities

Figure from JRC

1. Legislation and Regulations

2. CBRN Managing Authorities

3. Risk Mitigating Strategy

4. CBRN Prevention Measures

5. Detection of CBRN Material

6. Preparedness & Response

7. CBRN Recovery Measures

8. Sustainability

9. Strategic Trade Control

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COMPONENTS OF Draft CBRN NAP• Sections develop directly from NAQ• Must include current best practices• Format could be modified by PC choice

(national legal document, for example)

CBRN National Action Plan (NAP)

• Document to support national CBRN governance and resource allocation • Current structure:

1. National institutional structure

2.Participation in relevant international instruments

3.Assessment of CBRN national threats and risks

4.Analysis of current capacities to mitigate CBRN risks

5.Proposed objectives to reinforce national CBRN capacity

6.Table of practical actions to strengthen CBRN capacity

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EU-CoE PROJECTS:(Awareness Raising & Capacity-Building in

CBRN RISK MITIGATION)

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THE SOUTH-EAST ASIA REGION

• Highly engaged and motivated Partner Countries

• Expertise is found in multi-sectors/agencies

• Involvement in 25 of 80 EU-CoE related projects

• P81 Biosecurity Project for 2020

EU- CBRN CoE Projects in South East Asia with Biosafety and/or Biosecurity Components

• 2013-2015 P03 - Biorisk Management (Knowledge development and transfer of best-practices on biosafety/biosecurity/ bio-risk management; Training of Trainers

• 2013-2014 P06 - Chemical and Biological Wastes (Knowledge development & transfer of best practice in chemical & biological waste

management)

• 2013-2015 P10 - CBRN Risk Mitigation (e-Learning Courses for CBRN Risk Mitigation)

• 2013-2015 P12 - Legislation/Regulation; Biological Threats (Legislations/Regulations on Biosafety and Biosecurity)

• 2013-2015 P15 - Laboratory ISO Bank System (Hospital Samples); Enhancing lab biosafety/security using a lab iso-bank system

(central data base)

• 2013-2014 P18 - Dual-Use and Biotechnology Awareness (Network of universities & institutes, raising awareness on dual-use

concerns on biotechnology)

• 2013-2015 P27 - Biorisk Management, Public Health (Enhanced Biosrisk Management in Public Health)

• 2015 -2018 P46 - Capacity-Building in Biosafety and Biosecurity (Biorisk and Waste Management) Enhancing CBRN Capacities for

First Response; Biosafety and Biosecurity Waste Management; CBRN Awareness + Legal Framework

• 2020 – 2022 P81 Enhanced Biosecurity in South East Asia

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EU-CoE Projects with ongoing activities

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Project 62CBRN On-Site Assistance Expert for South-East Asia

Project 61Sound Management of Chemicals and their respective Wastes

Project 64 Export control for Dual-Use Goods

NAP IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES

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NAP Implementation Workshops

Project Proposal Development

Coordination with Donors

Donor Countries and Int’l. Organisations

High-Level Support Delegation of EU; EU-Devco

COOPERATION WITH OTHER STAKE-HOLDERS IN SEA

SEA PARTNER COUNTRY INITIATIVES

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ASEAN CBR Experts Network• Focus on S&A

CW Analysis & Chemical Forensics ; Awareness Raising in Biosecurity

UP CBRN CoE – Masters in CBRN

ASEAN and ASEAN Regional Forum

• Visit to the ASEAN Humanitarian Assistance (AHA) Centre, 9 July 2018; March 12, 2019; Exploratory meeting with ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE), March 12, 2019; Visit to Singapore DSO National Laboratories, 11 July 2018, March 11, 2019

Raising Awareness and Promoting ARF Cooperation on CBRN Risk Mitigation

Manila, Sep. 9 – 10, 2015

Raising Awareness and Promoting Cooperation on CBRN Risk Mitigation

Manila, Mar. 6 – 8, 2018

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UNGA - New York - 2015, 2016 & 2017CWC - The Hague - 2014

BWC- Geneva - 2015, 2016 & 2017 Global Partnership - Munich 2015, Rome 2017, Rabat 2017

Other International events promoting the CBRN NAP

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“the Group of Friends (GoF) of CBRN RiskMitigation and Security Governance will serveto address and promote various CBRN relatedtopics at the United Nations, including theSecurity Council, by actively engaging withmember states, donor countries and the UNSecretariat”.

UN Resolution to the General Assembly onaddressing CBRN risks through theCBRN National Action Plans.

UN Group of Friends on CBRN Risk MitigationCurrent members:1. Georgia2. Philippines3. Morocco4. Afghanistan5. Armenia6. Benin7. Burkina Faso8. FYR Macedonia9. Jordan10. Kenya11. Montenegro12. Saudi Arabia13. Serbia14. Vietnam

Inviting all CoE Partner countries to join the GoF !

FUTURE PERSPECTIVE

Identified Regional Priorities 1. Development of a CBRN Regional Action and Response Plan

• Updating and Implementation• Regional meeting of NFPs and Experts in CBRN• Regional Table-Top Exercises; Regional Field Exercises

2. Establishment of a Network of Chemical Laboratories in SEA - P61; SEARTnet3. Development of new EU-CoE Projects for SEA

*P81 Biosecurity and *Nuclear Forensics?

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Proposed approach for SEA region in evaluating future EU-CoE Projects

• Mapping of relevant resources/facilities/expertise –PCs; SEA• Risk Assessment (comprehensive) –PCs; SEA• Experts Regional Workshop to determine priority projects and

relevant components to be considered

**Involve SEA Bio-experts for mapping and risk assessments (January to April 2019); Also for C- and R/N

SEA REGIONAL BIOSECURITY RISK

ASSESSMENT WORKSHOP

May 22 – 24, 2019Cebu, Philippines

1. Common understanding of the definition of Biosecurity for all stakeholders

2. Consolidation and systematic analysis of existing information from BWC ISU Article 10, IHR capacities, JEE, UN Security Council Resolution 1540 Action Plan, EU CBRN NAP, and other relevant sources (Desk Research of A. Hamilton, UNICRI)

RECOMMENDATIONS

3. Create programs for awareness-raising in biosecurity, including microbial forensics, border control, tools specific for ASEAN countries in response to pandemics, and creating a list of country-based high risk biological materials

4. Compulsory Standardized Biosecurity Training

a. Possibility of developing training on Responsible Conduct of Research for Biosecurity

RECOMMENDATIONS

5. Develop framework for one-health and security interface addressing biosecurity threats

a. Develop possible triggering mechanism for one-health issues and intelligence (table-top exercises on info-sharing)

6. Framework in ensuring information security in relation to biosecurity

7. Involvement of local/regional experts in the implementation of EU CBRN projects

RECOMMENDATIONS

CBRN NAP AND BWC IMPLEMENTATION

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• ASEAN Partner Countries are signatory State Parties

• CBRN NAPs support implementation of international obligations (CWC, BTWC, UNSCR 1540, etc.)

• National legislation for BWC implementation is identified priority (border control and monitoring of high-risk biological materials)

• Focus on biosecurity aspect

Action - Purpose Outcome

Process Lead Ministry Coordinating agencies Implementation time (PRIORITISATION)

Program I: Improving mechanisms, policies and legislation in the field of safety management, security and CBRN incident response

1. Amending the Law on Prevention of Infectious Diseases;

Reducing the likelihood and the scale of infections affecting the population

Improved compliance with the International Health Regulations

Design, consultation, drafting and approval of new legislation

Ministry of Health Ministry of Agriculture – zoonotic diseases

12 months

High

Program II. Capacity to prevent, detect CBRN threats and incidents

2. Establish Radiological working group to advise the NSC with all matters relating to the management of RN materials

A co-ordinated strategic approach to the management of RN materials and RN-specific aspects of prevention, detection and response.

Obtain authority from NSC for the establishment of the RN WG alongside equivalent groups focussing on Chemicals, Biological material and the Emergency Services Response

Ministry of Industry (to chair)

To be agreed 12 months

High

Program III. Capability to respond timely and implement recovery measures

3. Enhance standardization of chemical response and recovery activities and procedures among response entities (e.g. industry, Fire and Rescue, Hazmat personnel)

Harmonized Procedures;

Enhanced Coordination

Joint SOPs

Endorsement of most relevant SOPs; Exercises (TTX & FTX); Interagency Workshop and Training; Regular Interagency communication and cooperation

According to scenario/situation

Bureau of Fire and Rescue

Police Force Emergency Medical Assistance Service (MoH)

Armed Forces

12 months

High

SAMPLE NAP TABLE –Priority actions to strengthen CBRN capacity

BLegislation and Regulations

Prevention Detection Preparation and Response Recovery

Criminal/Terrorist

Accidental

Natural

RNLegislation and Regulations

Prevention Detection Preparation and Response Recovery

Criminal/Terrorist

Accidental

Natural

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CLegislation and Regulations

Prevention Detection Preparation and Response Recovery

Criminal/Terrorist

Accidental

INSSP

1540 NAP

BWC

CWC

CHALLENGES

RESOURCES : Funding for projects to implement the priority actions to address the identified gaps; High turnover of trained

personnel **Donor countries, International Organisations; Training of Trainers

SUSTAINABILITY : Incorporate CBRN Risk Mitigation in existing national crisis management framework,

ASEAN bodies, Universities, SEARTnet, etc.; **Manage donor-support efficiently

POLITICAL SUPPORT: CBRN not generally considered as a national priority; competing ministries; etc.

Thank you