General Information

(14.4 MB) – Matthew Bono

CLF 2900.  Work and Power CLF 2912- Uses for Work and Power

California Agriculture Mechanics Pathway Standards

B11.0: Students understand the principles and applications of various engines and machinery used in agriculture B11.4- Know the theory and operation of

mobile hydraulic systems and power take-off systems

Energy transmitted and controlled by means of a pressurized fluid, either liquid or gas.

Common Description

Fluid Power Doing work using transmitted fluids or

gasses

Work and Power

What are Work and Power Work

Using force to act on an object over a distance. Pushing a car up a hill

Power The rate at which work is performed

Pushing a car up a hill faster than someone else

Work and Power

In Hydraulics Hydraulic systems are a way to do work

and use power to move or stop objects. The systems can increase, speed, power,

and are maneuverable

Common Examples of Hydraulic Systems

Automobile Brakes Heavy Machinery Airplanes Trains

Common Examples

Automobile Brakes

Hydraulic FluidPressurized by foot pedal and booster closes piston, slows rotor and wheel

Common Examples Heavy Machinery

Common Examples Airplanes

Planes use hydraulics to fly, land and steer

Red Lines and Blue Lines control different surfaces using different systems but same control lever

Common Examples Trains

Trains stop, or not, using air brakes, which are considered hydraulics also

Other Common Examples Trains

Where else could we use hydraulic power? Thinks outside the box.

Principle of Transmission of Fluid-Pressure

“Where there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an increase at every other point in the container.“

Theory Demonstrated

KeyF1- Force 1 F2- Force 2A1- Area 1 A2- Area 2

Blue area is fluid acting on both pistons in the closed system

Theory ExplainedHydraulic System

typically fluid is pumped into a confined space in order to make something move.

This movement can be to turn a motor or extend or retract a ram or piston.

Moving either piston in the picture would move the other.

F1= Force 1 F2= Force 2A1= Area 1 A2= Area 2

Theory ExplainedIf F1=F2 the System has No Movement

In Real life these systems usually involves movement

The F1=F2 pistons are connected by the same fluid

If the fluid moves equally, piston 1 moves further but with less force due to less surface area

F1= Force 1 F2= Force 2A1= Area 1 A2= Area 2

Parts of a Closed System

A. Reservoir

B. Filter

C. Pump

D. Valve

E. Cylinder

F. Lines

How It Works

1. Motor Spins Pump2. Pump Moves fluid

a. Out of reservoirb. Through filterc. Through Pumpc. Into valve

3. Valve directs fluid to ram

4. Pressurized side of ram moves

5. Fluid on other side of ram returns to reservoir

How to Power the SystemElbow Grease- like a automotive jackElectric MotorFueled Motors

gasoline, diesel, aviation anything elseSystem Design

Flow RatesPressuresLocationPoint of Action

As motor power goes up the pump has more power to move fluid

This can increase flow rate or pressure

How it worksFlow Rate

Hydraulic systems rely on filling a given area with fluid

The more fluid you pump into the area the faster the implement moves

If your trying to float a rubber boat in a swimming pool what will do it faster a garden hose or a fire hose

How it worksPressure

Hydraulic systems like the jaws of life can create incredible amounts of force

What shoots further, water from a hose spraying a cone or spraying a jet

Advantages

Force Multiplier – Automobile Brakes

Controllable- variable speed and power

High power low weight- Especially air powered

Very Mobile- Harvesting Equipment

Possibilities- Diesel Hydraulic Hybrid Delivery Trucks Roller Coasters

Force Multiplier – Automobile Brakes The force of your foot can stop an

entire car, with help from hydraulics

Controllable-

Large harvesting equipment can do dozens of things at one time all with hydraulic power

Controllable- Cotton Picker Header

Each row of cotton goes through the picking zone

Each spindle moves independently of the others while machine moves through field, blows lint into hopper and discards waste

High power low weight

Very Mobile

The jaws of life in the last slide are used by hundreds of rescue outfits across the US and are readily carried everywhere they go

Possibilities- Diesel Hydraulic Hybrid Delivery Trucks

This truck showed a 60To 70% increase in fuel economy and reduced emmisions by more than 40% and could reduce costs to consumers and companies while reducing the pollution.

Hydraulic systems are in everything from aircraft to theater performances in Las Vegas. Someone had to design, build and maintain all

these systems, why couldn’t it be you?

How stuff works.comWikipedia.comYoutube.comhttp://thefraserdomain.typepad.com/energy/2006/07/diesel_hydrauli.html