Formed between two non-metals Valence electrons are shared between atoms.
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Transcript of Formed between two non-metals Valence electrons are shared between atoms.
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Naming Binary Covalent
Compounds
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Covalent Compounds
Formed between two non-metals
Valence electrons are shared between atoms
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Binary Covalent Compounds
Contain just two different types of non-metal elements
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Some Different Rules
Covalent compound have a few rules to naming to those of ionic compound
When non-metals combine they can form several different covalent compounds
Example: Carbon and oxygen combine to form two common covalent compounds CO2 and CO
Each of these compounds have their own names
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Rules for Naming Covalent Compounds
1. Always write/name the element with more metallic character first. Metallic character increases going from right to left, and top to bottom on the Periodic Table.
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Rules for Naming Covalent Compounds
2. Then write/name the second (less metallic) element, changing the ending of its name to –”ide”
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Rules for Naming Covalent Compounds
3. Since nonmetals often combine in different proportions to form a number of different compounds, prefixes must be included in the names to indicate the numbers of each kind of atom present.
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Prefixes
Number Prefix Number Prefix
1 mono- 6 hexa-
2 di- 7 hepta-
3 tri- 8 octa-
4 tetra- 9 nona-
5 penta- 10 deca-
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Example
P4S3
Tetraphosphorus trisulfide
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Prefix Exception
The mono- prefix is usually not used for the first element in the formula.
Example:
BCl3 boron trichloride
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Prefix Exception
Never use any prefixes at all for simple covalent compounds containing Hydrogen
Example:
HF hydrogen fluoride
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Prefix Exception
The "o" and "a" endings of these prefixes are dropped when they are attached to "oxide."
Example:
N2O5 dinitrogen pentoxide
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Order Exceptions
Generally, they are in the same left-to-right order that they have on the periodic table, except that you would have to squeeze hydrogen in between nitrogen and oxygen.
Examples:
NH3 ammonia CH4 methane H2O water
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Diatomic Molecules
Element that consists of two atoms combined
Examples:
F2 fluorine
N2 nitrogen
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Practice Naming Covalent Compounds
SiF4
silicon tetrafluoride
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Practice Naming Covalent Compounds
N2S3
dinitrogen trisulfide
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Practice Naming Covalent Compounds
HBr
hydrogen bromide
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Practice Naming Covalent Compounds
Br2
bromine
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Practice Naming Covalent Compounds
N10O4
decanitrogen tetroxide
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Practice Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds
B2H6
diboron hexahydride
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Practice Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds
NBr3
nitrogen tribromide
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Practice Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds
SCl6
Sulfur hexachloride
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Practice Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds
P2O5
diphosphorus pentoxide
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Practice Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds
N3S
trinitrogen monosulfide
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Practice Writing Formulas of Covalent Compounds
P8O7
octaphosphorus heptoxide
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Review Worksheet
Naming Covalent Compounds
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
SbBr3
Antimony tribromide
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
B6Si
Hexaboron silicide
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
ClO2
Chlorine dioxide
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
HI
Hydrogen iodide
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
IF5
Iodine pentafluoride
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
N2O3
Dinitrogen trioxide
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
NH3
ammonia
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Write the Chemical Formula for the following Covalent Compound
PI3
Phosphorus triiodide
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
P4S5
Tetraphosphorus pentasulfide
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
O2
oxygen
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
SeF6
Selenium hexafluoride
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
Si2Br6
Disilicon hexabromide
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
SCl4
Sulfur tetrachloride
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
CH4
methane
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
B2Si
Diboron silicide
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Write the Names for the following Covalent Compound
NF3
Nitrogen trifluoride