Emergency Situations: Bystander Behaviour (handout)
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Transcript of Emergency Situations: Bystander Behaviour (handout)
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Emergency Situations: Bystander Behaviour (handout)
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Read page 263 of the Course Companion and answer the questions in the ‘Apply your knowledge’ box.
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Do you know this story?
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Is religious conviction a factor in people’s willingness to help strangers in need?
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Participants: 40 seminary students Aim: To find out whether there’s a
correlation between religious devotion and helping behaviour.
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Participants: 40 seminary students Aim: To find out whether there’s a
correlation between religious devotion and helping behaviour.
Peronality questionnaire concerning how religious participants were.
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Participants: 40 seminary students Aim: To find out whether there’s a
correlation between religious devotion and helping behaviour.
Peronality questionnaire concerning how religious participants were.
2 conditions: Give a talk on the Good Samaritan parable Give a talk on jobs
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IV: whether or not seminarians were told to hurry.
DV: to what extent the seminarians stopped to help.
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Findings: Overall 40% helped
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Findings: Overall 40% helped 63% of the low-hurry condition
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Findings: Overall 40% helped 63% of the low-hurry condition
45% of the intermediate hurry condition
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Findings: Overall 40% helped 63% of the low-hurry condition
45% of the intermediate hurry condition
10% of the late condition
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Which speech the seminarians were about to give made little difference to their helping behaviour.
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What do these results suggest?
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How participants had completed the initial questionnaire made no difference to their helping behaviour.
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The results suggest that situational factors played a bigger part in helping behaviour than dispositional factors in this study.
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Read the newspaper article on what happened on the night of
Kitty Genovese’s death.
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Latane and Darley came up with the term bystanderism.
Read pages 264 – 265 of the Course Companion and make notes on • Bystanderism• Diffusion of responsibility• Pluralistic ignorance
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Diffusion of responsibility
Participants told they’d be interviewed over an intercom
Heard another ‘participant’ choking
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Diffusion of responsibility
When participants thought they were the only one in a position to help, they helped 85% of the time.
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Diffusion of responsibility
When participants thought they were the only one in a position to help, they helped 85% of the time.
This dropped to 64% when they thought there was one other person.
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Diffusion of responsibility
When participants thought they were the only one in a position to help, they helped 85% of the time.
This dropped to 64% when they thought there was one other person.
And dropped to 31% when they thought there were 4 other people present.
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Pluralistic Ignorance
In a group situation, people often look to others to know how to react
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What is meant by informational social influence?
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What is meant by informational social influence?
Make a note of this.
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Latane & Darley asked participants to wait in a waiting room.
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Latane & Darley asked participants to wait in a waiting room.
They heard the sound of the female experimenter fall and cry out in another room.
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Participants were much more likely to help when they were alone than when they were in the company of a confederate who did not react to the experimenter’s cries.
Why do you think this might be?
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In real life, emergency situations are often ambiguous. Observers may not always realize that their help is needed.
People are also less likely to intervene if they think there is a relationship between people, e.g. in the case of domestic violence.
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Make some notes about both Latane and Darley’s 1968 and 1969 studies.
Use the FAME framework.
Accompany your notes with a sketch to help you remember the studies later.
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Watch this clip and make brief notes about the work of Latane and Darley.
BBC_OU Open2.net - Eyewitness - Bystander intervention.flv
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Here’s another example of pluralistic ignorance, informational social influence and the bystander effect.
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Watch this interview with Latane and Darley.
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