- Department...A transformation matrix is used to calculate these measured accelerations ......

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Wave data recordin pro ram Tweed region 1995-1997

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$15.00

Conservation data report No. W18.1

ISSN 0158-7757 RE196October1997

Wave data recording program Tweed Region 1995-1997

Conservation data report No. W18.1 ISSN 0158-7757 RE196 October 1997

Abstract This report summarises primary analyses of wave data recorded in water depths of approximately 25m, off shore south of the Tweed River entrance in northern New South Wales. Data were recorded using a Datawell directional waverider buoy, and covers the period 13 January 1995 to 28 February 1997. The data were divided into seasonal groupings for analysis.

This report has been prepared by the Coastal Management Branch, Division of Conservation, Department of Environment, on behalf of the Beach Protection Authority.

Wave data recording program Tweed Region 1995-1997

Contents 1 Introduction 2 Recording equipment

2.1 Waverider system 2.2 Wave pole system 2.3 Station configuration 2.4 Laboratory calibration checks

3 Wave recording and analysis procedures 4 Data losses 5 Wave climate

5.1 Methodology 6 Data presentation 7 References 8 Other reports in this series

Appendices Appendix 1 Details of wave recorder installation Appendix 2 Major meteorological events Appendix 3 Tropical cyclones of the east coast of

Queensland

Disclaimer While data In this report were collected, processed and compiled with reasonable care. the accuracy and reliability or this informal/On are not guaranteed in any way by the Beach Protection Authority. Neit/ler the Queensland Govemment nor the Authority accepts liabt7ity for any decision or actions taken on the basis of this report. Copyright� Queensland Government 1997 Copyright protects this publication. Except for purposes permitted by the Copyright Act, storage, transmission or reproduction of all or any part by any means is prohibited without the prior written permission of the Department of Environment. Direct enqwrles to the Manager. Education and Information Unit PO Box t 55 BRISBANE ALBERT STREET OLD 4()()2. RE1960crober 1997 Recycled paper saves energy and resources

Tables Table 1. Wave statistics -Wave period (Tp)/Wave height

(Hsig) occurrences - All data, all directions, measured in days.

Table 2. Wave statistics -Wave period (Tp)/wave height (Hsig) occurrences - Summer data, all directions, measured in days.

Table 3. Wave statistics -Wave period (Tp)/wave height {Hsig) occurrences - Winter data, all directions, measured in days.

Table 4. Wave statistics -Wave period (Tp)/wave height (Hsig) occurrences - All data, all directions. measured in percentage occurrences.

Table 5. Wave statistics -Wave period (Tp)/wave height (Hsig} occurrences - Summer data, all directions, measured in percentage occurrences.

Table6. Wave statistics- Wave period (Tp)/wave height (Hsig) occurrences -Winter data. all directions. measured in percentage occurrences.

Table 7. Wave statistics - wave directions (a) /wave height (Hsig) occurrences -All data, all periods (Tp), measured in days.

Table 8. Wave statistics - wave directions (a) /wave height (Hsig) occurrences - Summer data

- all periods (Tp), measured in days. Table 9. Wave statistics - wave directions (a) /wave

height (Hsig) occurrences -Winter data - all periods (Tp}, measured in days.

Table 10. Wave statistics - wave directions (a) /wave height (Hsig) occurrences - All data - all periods (Tp), measured in percentage occurrences.

Table 11. Wave statistics -wave directions (a) /wave height (Hsig) occurrences - Summer data - all periods (Tp), measured in percentage occurrences.

Table 12. Wave statistics - wave directions (a) /wave height (Hsig) occurrences -Winter data - all periods (Tp), measured in percentage occurrences.

Figures Figure 1. Locality plan Figure 2. Histogram percentage (of time) occurrence of

wave directions (a) for all wave heights (Hsig) Figure 3. Histogram percentage {of time) occurrence of

wave heights (Hsig) for all wave periods (Tp) Figure 4. Histogram percentage (of time) occurrence of

wave periods (Tp) for all wave heights (Hsig) Figure 5. Wave parameter relationships Figure 6. Daily wave recordings Figure 7. Cyclone tracks

Wave dara record ing program. Tweed-1995-1997·October1997 •ISSN 0158-7757

1 Introduction As part of its long-term collection program, the Beach Protection Authority (the Authority) has been recording wave characteristics along Queensland's coast since 1968. This has been done using a series of wave recording stations. The Tweed buoy is operated by the Authority on behalf of the Tweed River Entrance Sand Bypassing Project, an initiative of the Queensland and New South Wales State Governments. This report summarises the primary analyses of wave data collected at the Tweed station. It also provides brief details of the recording equipment, the methods of handling raw data and the types of analyses employed.

2 Recording equipment The wave recording program uses two systems to measure wave data: the waverider system and the wave pole system.

2.1 Waverider system The waverider system, manufactured by Datawell bv of the Netherlands, uses a waverider buoy to determine the sea surface fluctuations at an offshore location. Directional and non-directional buoys are used. In both types of buoys, vertical acceleration of the buoy is measured by an accelerometer, mounted on a stabilised platform suspended in a fluid-filled plastic sphere at the bottom of the buoy. This data is then twice integrated to give displacement.

The directional buoy also measures horizontal acceleration, using two fixed accelerometers and an onboard fluxgate compass to give the directional displacement in two horizontal axes. A transformation matrix is used to calculate these measured accelerations in the north-south and east-west directions.

Instantaneous water level and directional data are then transmitted to the shore station as a frequency modulated high frequency radio signal.

2.2 Wave pole system The wave pole system, manufactured by the Queensland Government Hydraulics laboratory, consists of a single, perforated metal pipe, surrounding an inner metal pipe that acts as a co-axial transmission line to the water. An enclosed circuit board housing containing an electronic oscillator is mounted on the top. This system is mounted vertically on a suitable offshore structure.

Relative wave height measurements are taken, based on the principle that a sharp change in the electrical impedance of the wave pole occurs at the fluctuating water surface and the period of oscillation is linearly proportional to the length of the wave pole that is not immersed in water.

Water surface elevations are recorded at the wave pole and are transferred via radio modem to a remote data recording computer.

2.3 Station configuration The original configuration of the Tweed station, first installed on 13 January 1995, comprises a personal computer (PC) based system using the Datawell WArec waverider receiver/digitiser. The water level data, digitised at O. 78 second intervals (1.28Hz), are recorded in bursts of 2048 points (approximately 26 minutes) and recorded on the PC's hard disk. The proprietary software running on the PC controls the timing of data recording and processes the data in 'near real time' to provide a set of standard sea-state parameters and spectra that may be accessed remotely via the public telephone network.

Recorded data and analysis results are downloaded daily to a central computer system in Brisbane for checking, further processing and archiving.

For more information on the buoy operation and the recording systems, contact the sources listed in section 7.

2.4 Laboratory calibration checks Waverider buoys are calibrated before deployment and also after recovery. Normally, a buoy is calibrated once every 12 months. Calibration is performed at the Queensland Government Hydraulics Laboratory using a buoy calibrator to simulate sinusoidal waves wi1h amplitudes ot either 2m or 2.8m, depending on whether a 0. 7m or 0.9m diameter buoy is involved. The calibrator is electrically controlled and the frequency may be varied from 016-0.25Hz. It is usual to check three frequencies during a calibration.

The following characteristics of the buoy are also checked during the calibration procedure: • compass (directional buoy), • phase and amplitude response, • accelerometer platform stability, • platform tilt. • battery capacity, • power output. The recorded wave data are not adjusted in any way in light of the laboratory calibration results.

3 Wave recording and analysis procedures From 13 January 1995 to 28 February 1997, the PC based recording system generally recorded data at (nominally) hourly intervals. During periods when the recorded significant wave height (Hsig) value reached the storm threshold of 2m, the recording frequency was increased to (nominally) 30 minute intervals.

Recorded wave data are analysed in the time domain by the zero upcrossing method and in the frequency domain by spectral analysis.

Directional wave data undergoes initial processing on the buoy, where the datasets are divided into data sub-sets and each sub-set is analysed using Fast Fourier Transform techniques. The output from this processing is then transmitted to the shore station, along with the raw data, where it undergoes further analysis using Fast Fourier Transform techniques to produce 128 spectral estimates in bands of 005Hz. The zero upcrossing analysis is equivalent in all systems.

Wave parameters resulting from this processing include the following: S(f) energy density spectrum Hsig significant wave height (time domain),

the average of the highest one-third of the waves in the record

Hmax highest individual wave in the record (time domain)

Hrms root mean square of the wave heights in the record (time domain)

Tsig significant wave period (time domain), the average period of the highest one-third of waves in the record

T z average period of all zero upcrossing waves in the record (time domain)

Tpeak wave period corresponding to the peak of the energy density spectrum (frequency domain)

T c average period o f all the waves in the record, based on successive crests (time domain)

2 Wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995.1997 · October 1997 · ISSN 0158-7757

o. ( alpha) wave direction expressed as the angle between true north and the direction of wave generation

These parameters are the basis tor the summary plots and tables in this report.

4 Data losses Data losses can be divided into two categories: losses due to equipment failure and losses during data processing due to signal corruption. Common causes of data corruption include radio interference and a spurious low frequency component in the water level signal caused by a tilting accelerometer platform in the waverider buoy.

Analysis of recorded data includes some data rejection checks, both on-board the buoy and by the PC-based system. In these procedures, a small number of spurious data points may be corrected by an interpolation procedure. Otherwise, the entire series is rejected.

Details of data losses for the Tweed wave recording station are included in appendix 1 .

5 Wave climate The wave climate data presented in this report are based on statistical analyses of the parameters obtained from the recorded wave data. Programs developed by the Authority provide statistical information on percentage of time occurrence for wave heights and periods. The results of these analyses are presented in tables 1 to 6 and figs.3 and 4. Statistical data on percentage of time occurrence of wave heights (Hsig) and wave directions (a) are presented in tables 7 to 12 and fig.2. Similar analyses are carried out on the relationships between the various wave parameters and these are presented in flg.5.

5.1 Methodology As discussed above, various data losses can cause occasional gaps in records. Rejection of data causes relatively short gaps, while buoy or recording equipment malfunctions cause much longer gaps.

In calculating wave climate statistics. each record is assigned a total duration equal to half the recording interval on either side of that record. The duration on the side of records adjacent to gaps in the data are limited to a maximum value dependent on the nominal recording interval of that record.

During the period when the nominal recording interval is one hour, the maximum allowable total duration of a record is equal to three hours. Each duration on either side of a record greater than 90 minutes ( half the maximum allowable total duration) is set to the maximum allowable of exactly 90 minutes. and a gap in the data is reported.

6 Data presentation No attempt has been made to interpret the recorded data for design purposes or to apply corrections for refraction. diffraction and shoaling to obtain equivalent deep-water waves. Therefore, before this data can be used, the exact location of the buoy and the water depth in which the buoy was moored should be noted. This information is in

Appendix 1 . The directional waverider system provides both vertical water surface elevation and directional data.

appendiX 2 summarises meteorological events that occurred during the recording period covered by this report, where the recorded Hsig value of 2m was reached during the event. The wave parameters Hsig, Hmax. and Tp are listed for each event. together with other relevant

information. Only the cyclone events that contributed to recorded Hsig values reaching the storm threshold of 2m are listed in appendix 2.

Appendix 3 lists only the names and dates of cyclones that occurred along the eastern seaboard of Queensland during the recording period covered by this report.

For the purposes of analysis, summer has been taken as the period from 1 November to 30 April of the following year. Winter covers the period 1 May to 31 October in any one year.

7 References Permanent International Association of Navigation

Congresses (1986), List of Sea State Parameters, Brussels, Belgium.

Datawell, Operation and Service Manual tor the waverider - series 6000.

Datawell, Operation and Service Manual for Directional waverider from serial no.30109.

Datawell, Manual for Wave Direction Receiver WArec. Lawson and Treloar Pty Ltd (1991), Real Time Wave

Analysis Package, Sydney. Bureau of Meteorology, Monthly Weather Review.

Melbourne.

8 Other reports in this series Wave data recording program, Cairns Region

(Report No. W01.1) 2 May 1975- 3 Sept 1978 Wave data recording program. Cairns Region

(Report No. W01.2) 2 May 1975-11 Jun 1985 Wave data recording program, Mackay Region

(Report No. W02.1) 17Sept 1975-5 Nov 1976 Wave data recording program, Mackay Region

(Report No. W02.2) 17 Sept 1975-23 Aug 1985 Wave data recording program, Mackay Region

(Report No. W02.3) 19 Sept 1975-31 Oct 1996 Wave data recording program, Townsville Region

(Report No. W03.1) 16 July 1975-23 Feb 1979 Wave data recording program, Townsville Region

(Report No. W03.2) 19 Nov 1975-29 Dec 1987 Wave data recording program, Sunshine Coast Region

(Report No. W04.1) 5 Apr 1974-5 Jul 1977 Wave data recording program, Burnett Heads Region

(Report No. WOS. t) 5 May 1976-5 Mar 1982 Wave data recording program, Burnett Heads Region

(Report No. WOS.2) 5 May 1976-13Oct1988 Wave data recording program, Abbot Point Region

(Report No. W06.1) 6May1977-9Aug1979 Wave data recording program, Weipa Region

(Report No. W07.1) 21 Dec 1978-7Apr1983 Wave data recording program. Gladstone Region

(Report No. W08.1) 19 Dec 1979-16 May 1983 Wave data recording program, Brisbane Region

(Report No. W09.1) 30 Oct 1976-30 Jun 1983 Wave data recording program, Brisbane Region

(Report No. W09.2) 30 Oct 1976-30 Jun 1994 Wave data recording program, Brisbane Region

(Report No. W09.3) 30 Oct 1976-28 Feb 1997 Wave data recording program, Bowen Region

(Report No. W10.1) 14 Sept 1978-15 Nov 1984 Wave data recording program, Moreton Island Region

(Report No. Wl 1.1) 15 Jun 1983-12 Apr 1985 Wave data recording program, Bramston Beach Region

(Report No. W12.1) 16 Dec 1981-28 Oct 1985 Wave data recording program, Hay Point Region

(Report No. W13.1) 22 Mar 1977-25 May 1987 Wave data recording program, Gold Coast Region

(Report No. W14.1) 20 Feb 1987-30 Jun 1994 Wave data recording program, Gold Coast Region

(Report No. W14.2) 20 Feb 1987-28Feb1997 Wave data recording program. Kirra

(Report No. W15.1) 25 Aug 1988-30 Jun 1994

Wave data recording program. Tweed- 1995-1997 ·October 1997 ·ISSN 01581757 3

Wave data recording program, Kirra (Report No. W15.2) 25 Aug 198b-:18 Feb 1997

Wave data recording program, R�:'ulse Bay (Report No. W16.1) 2 Jun 199• -£2 Oct 1995

Wave data recording program, havman Island (Report No. W17.1) 26 Oct 1995>--�4 Oct 1996

Appendix 1 Details of wave recorder installation Tweed Region

Location of buoy See fig.1 for the location of the waverider buoy and receiving station for the period covered by this report.

Location: 153°34.60' east, 28° 10.74' south Description: 4km, bearing 139°from Tweed River

entrance Water depth at buoy: Period:

Note:

25m Australian Height Datum 13 January 1995 to 28 February 1997

• The above buoy locations have been measured using GPS fixing procedures.

• All water depths are accurate to :t 1 m.

Location of recording station Air Sea Rescue station, Point Danger Location: 153° 32.98' east, 28° 09.15' south Period: 13 January 1995 to 28 February 1997

Recording interval Commencing on 13 January 1995, one-hourly records, each of approximately 26 minutes, have been taken, giving 2048 water surface elevation figures for that period, from which sea state parameters are calculated and recorded.

During storm events, where the recorded Hsig value reaches the storm threshold of 2m, the frequency of recording is increased to half hourly.

Data collection and analysis: Number of records collected: Number of records used in analysis: Number of days in recording period: Number of days used in analysis: Number of days lost:

4

19 507 19 256

777.29 767.96

9.33

Wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995-1997 ·October 1997 ·ISSN 0158-7757

Appendix 2 Major meteorological events -Tweed Region

Meteorological event Central Date Estimated Maximum Maximum Tp pressure. ''-' position Hsig Hmax {secs),,

(hPa) of cyclone recorded recorded relative to {m)' (m}2

·' buoy(km)

High pressure system 1020 17-01-95 2.10 4.41 10.85 over Tasman Sea and low pressure system off 1008 south Queensland coast

Low pressure system 992 20-01-95 2.13 3.95 6.32 over central Queensland

High pressure system 1028 15-02-95 5.19 9.34 11.19 over Tasman Sea

High pressure system 1020 21-02-95 2.05 3.65 10.76 over Tasmania


Cyclone Violet 985 7-03-95 215 SE 3.37 6.21 , 1.86 High pressure system 1024 11-03-95 2.46 4.48 9.44

over Great Australian Bight

High pressure system over 1024 13-03-95 2.03 3.68 9.66 Great Australian Bight



High pressure system 1032 9-05-95 2.12 4.62 8.52 over Tasmania


High pressure over 1032 15-08-95 3.05 . 5.17 7.93 Tasman Sea

High pressure system 1028 6-09-95 2.49 4.15 9.54 over South Australia

High pressure system 1024 27-09-95 2.13 3.61 11.56 over southern Australia and low pressure system 1004 over Tasman Sea


High pressure system 1024 21-11-95 2.02 3.99 9.38 over Tasman Sea and low pressure system over 1008 south-east Queensland

High pressure system over 1020 24-11-95 2.02 3.25 9.65 Great Australian Bight and low pressure system 996 off central Queensland coast

Low pressure system 984 19-12-95 2.09 3.68 7.23 over Tasmania and trough along Queensland coast

High pressure system off 1008 24-12-95 2.67 5.11 7.92 south-east Queensland coast and low pressure 1000 system over central Queensland


Low pressure system over 1004 10-01-96 2.12 4.24 6.40 central Queensland coast

High pressure system 1024 25-01-96 2.08 3.60 11 .58 over Tasman Sea and low pressure system 992 west of Tasmania

Low pressure system off 1000 15-02-96 3.88 6.94 12.84 south Queensland coast

Wave data recording program, Tweed - 1995-1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757 5

Meteorological event .Central Date Estimated Maximum .. Maximum >.:;� .• • . ;p�_

essure I po${ti9ri . r��j��i� . ·Hmax :·:: -� ·-·-· � -: .. :-:···: .-: . ·-::::: :· . _, .;-;;'.:{::''.ft::: .:::. ,•'. � :; ?·ffe.!nPa) ot�y�l�ne : .� recorded . -'=.::: 'f· .. �(?;{� .. :v::· . . relatiVe:- to . c: : '(m)2

buoy,(km)

High pressure system 1028 23-02-96 2.71 5.09 over Tasman Sea

High pressure system over 1028 8-03-96 2.26 4.38 Great Australian Bight and low pressure system 1004 over Coral Sea



High pressure system over 1028 28-04-96 2.28 4.16 south eastern Australia

High pressure system over 1028 3-05-96 7.52 13.07 south eastern Australia

High pressure system 1032 17-05-96 3.89 7.33 over southern Australia High pressure system 1032 16-06-96 2.78 5.01

over Tasman Sea High pressure system 1028 28-07-96 3.12 6.86

over Tasman Sea and low pressure system over 1008 south west Queensland


High pressure system 1016 22-09-96 2.11 4.32 over eastern Australia and low pressure system 1004 off northern New South Wales coast

High pressure system 1012 30-09-96 2.49 4.80 off eastern Australia and low pressure system 976 west of Tasmania



High pressure system 1020 8-11-96 2.06 3.38 over Tasman Sea and low pressure system off 1004 southern Queensland coast

High pressure system 1020 24-11-96 2.10 4.02 over south eastern Australia

High pressure system 1012 29-11-96 2.13 3.69 off southern Queensland coast


High pressure system off 1024 28-12-96 2.62 4.63 southern New South Wales coast

High pressure system 1028 10-01-97 2.68 4.76 west of Tasmania

Notes: The above table includes all events with a recorded Hsig value that reached /he storm threshold of 2m.

1, 2: Hsig values and Hmax values are the maximum values recorded for each event and are not necessanly coincident in time.

1, 3: Tp values and Hsig values presented are coincident as a single event on the date shown.

Tp .(secs)3

1 .• : •• · .-: . •

9.37

9.77

7.88

13.72

8.79

12.89

10.73

8.21

8.30

8.86

9.40

7.87

10.97

8.83

8.22

9.82

6.93

8.18

12.03

10.20

Highest significant wave height (Hsig) recorded was 7.52m on 3 May 1996, coincident with a 102BhPa high pressure system over south eastern Australia.

Highest maximum wave height (Hmax) recorded was 137m on 3 May 1996, coincident with a 1028hPa high pressure system over south-east Australia.

Meteorological information was obtained from the Monthly Weathef Review published by the Bureau of Meteorology.

I

6 wave ctata recording program, Tweed- 1995· 1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

Appendix 3 Tropical cyclones of the east coast of Queensland 13 January 1995-28 February 1997

Violet 1995 3

Agnes-95 1995 4

Barry 1996

Celeste 1996

Dennis 1996 2

Ethel 1996 3

Fergus 1996 12

Gillian 1997 2

Harold 1997 2

!ta 1997 2

Wave data recording program, Tweed - 1995-1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757 7

Table 1. Wave statistics - Wave penod (Tp)lwave height {Hsl!J) occu"ences -All data, all directions, measured in days.

Significant wave··. ; . height (Hslg)}'"h (met��>) '.·}+� ::

0·00-0·19 0·20-0·39 0·40-0·59 0·60-0·79 0·80-0·99 1 ·00-1·19 1·20-1·39. 1·40-1·59

q: t��4 2·60-2-79 2·80-2·99 3·00-3·19 3·20-3·39 3.40-3.59 3·60-3 ·79 3 :g0-3 .99 . . -· .

n. ;i�,4 4·80-4·99 . .•.... '

"5·00-5·19 5·20-5·39 5-40-5·59 5-60-5·79 5·80-5·99 6·00-6·t9 6·20-6·39 6·40-6·59: 6:60-6· 79. : 6�80;-S'W·

.

id0.. .7·19 7·20-7·39 7·40-7·59 7·60-7·79

Totals

* * * *

* * *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* * * * * * *

* * *

0·00

3.4.99

* 0·04 1·25 7·21

11-17 6-71 1 ·54 0·13

* * * * * * * * * * *

* * * * *

* * * * * * * * * *

28·04

:·� eak·energy wave period {ip):(seco11ds) ·:· .. · . ·

5-6·99 ., 7�8·99

* 0·29 3·06

16·79 27·42 24·02 17·15

8·71 4·44 1 ·25 0·57 0·21

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* * * * * * * * * * *

103·91

* 0·58 6·08

24·85 35·15 38·17 31-17 30·75 19·74

9·17 4·46 3·32 1 ·85 0·97 0-48 0·24 0·12 0·02 0·02 0·02

* * * *

* *

* * * * * * * * * * *

207·17

9-10�99 11·12·99 13-14·99 >14·99 :. Totals

*

1·25 10·25 29·08 50·19 49·27 38·15 35·28 23·01 11 ·57

8·01 3·45 2·04 1 ·29 0·92 1 ·33 0·75 0·60 0·48 0·40 0·19 0·23 0·25 0·06 0·08 0·08

* 0·04

* *

0·02 * * * * * * * *

268·28

* 0·75 5·94

18·08 23·63 18·54 14·81 12·92

9·57 4·61 2·76 1·30 0·72 0·38 0·61 0·53 0·44 0·17 0·25 0·29 0·23 0·27 0·31 0·21 0·20 0·15 0·06 0·02 0·02 0·05 0·02" 0·14 0·17 0·06 0·02 0·03 0·04 0·02

*

118·32

* 0·33 3·08 6·92 7·10 6·54 3·98 2·54 1·33 1'12 1 ·08 0·54 0·10 0·02 0·21 0·08 0·19 0·06

* * *

0·02 * * * *

0·05 0·06 0·08

* 0·06 0·08 0·02 0·03

* 0·06 0·02

* *

35·75

* 0·08 0·71 1 ·62 1·46 1 ·52 0·40 0·33 0·08 0·14 0·09 0·05

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

6·49

0·00 3·33

30·38 104·56 156·10 144·77 107·19

90·66 58·18 27·86 16·98

8·87 4·72 2·66 2·22 2·19 1·50 0·85 0·75 0·71 0·42 0·52 0·56 0·27 0·28 0·23 0·11 0·13 0·10 0·05 0·10 0·22 0·19 0·09 0·02 0·09 0·06 0·02 0·00

767·96

• = 0.00 (Table values are numbers of days for the recording period. rounded to the second decimal place.)

8 Wave data recording program. Tweed- 1995· 1997 · October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

Table2. wave statistics - wave period (rp)/Wave height (Hsig) occuffences - Summer data. all directions, measured in days.

SlgriJflcant wave h,i%Tt�:)�>. :!:: . .,, )

. .;:: ,. 0.·00-0·19' 0·20-0·39

. llf.40--0·59 . 'o��o::zs., · o-So-o-99

t�00-1-19 .: ;' �i�� :j 1�60-1·79

;;t �80-l )99: · . ;.zc�2 -19'" , 2;:20-2·39: ·,

.2�40-2·59· :2�f5o-2�791 . . )i )2i80-2·99 . a�00-3·t9.

., . 3�20-3139 ,.:· c� E�3·5�f :: 3"·60-3·79. :1·80-3·99.·

.

·:t�� 4�40-4.59 :4:00--4·,1�t

' '''' 4.�� ,99y ,:. 5:00-5·19' S<:.20-5·3.$.:,

'· .Ps��s·;s9> · '5f00'.-5 ·t·9. :S �So-5 ·99

. smo-s· t9 � . · ,, 6}��3�':'·

6�40-6·59 6;60-6·79.

· '.: ,f:i �a0-6;99, I " :z�00-7 � t9

7:·20-7·39 j;40-7� 59

·, 7l6o-4 i� -;·: -?":·

Totals ·: :::/. . ·:: .....

0-2·99

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * .. * * * * * * .. * * •

* •

* * * * * * * * * * *

0·00

3-4·99

* *

1 ·08 3·92 6·83 4·33 1 ·04 0·08

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

*

* * * *

17·29

5·6·99

* 0·08 1 ·25 8·44

12·98 13·06

9·65 5·46 3·06 0·76 0·39

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

55·12

7-8·99

* 0·08 1·04

10·02 18·40 19·71 1 5·23 18·92 13·51

6·97 3·20 2·50 1 ·06 0·27 0·23 0·02 0·06 0·02 0·02

* * * * * *

*

* * * * * * * * * * *

, 11 ·26

9-10·99 11-12·99 13-14·99 >14·99 Totals

*

0·38 3·94

13·88 20·69 19·06 21-15 23·01 16·74

8·43 6·07 2·93 1·38 0·54 0·23 0·27 0·17 0·10 0·17 0·15 0·08 0·12 0·15 0·04 0·06 0·02

* * * * * .. * * * * * * *

139·74

* 0·33 1 ·52 9·50

12·63 8·77 6-73 6·17 5·29' 2-49 1 ·76 0·89 0·42 0·29 0·53 0·30 0·31 0·13 0·10 0·06 0·08 0·08 0·04 0·02

* 0·06

* * .. * * * * * * * * * *

58·51

* *

0·29 2·19 3·58 2·40 2·10 1 ·35 0·98 1·04 , ·08 0·54 0·10 0·02 0·21 0·08 0·19 0·06

* * * * * * * * * * *

" * * * * * * * *

16·23

* *

0·08 0·37 0·33 0·87 0·31 0·04

* 0·14 0·09 0·05

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·00 0·88 9·21

48·31 75-44 68·21 56·21 55·03 39·58 19·82 12·59

6·91 2·96 1-12 1·20 0·68 0·73 0·31 0·29 0·21 0·17 0·21 0·19 0·06 0·06 0·08 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00

2·30 400·46

• = O. 00 (fable values are numbers of days br the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

Wave data recording program. Tweed - 1995-1997 • October 1997·ISSNO158· 7757 9

Table3. Wave siatistics - Wave period (Tp)/Wave height (Hsig) occurrences - Winter data, all directions. measured in days.

·w--: .::· ; ; :

.11-12·99:_,

* * * * * * * * 0·00 * 0·04 0·21 0·50 0·88 0-42 0·33 0·08 2·46 * 0·17 1 ·81 5·04 6·31 4-42 2·79 0·62 21 ·17 * 3·29 8·35 14·83 15·21 8·58 4·73 1 ·25 56·25 * 4·33 14·44 16-75 29·50 11 ·00 3·52 1-12 80·67 * 2·38 10·96 18·46 30·21 9·77 4·15 0·65 76·56 * 0·50 7·50 15·94 17·00 8·08 1 ·88 0·08 50·98 * 0·04 3·25 11 ·83 12·27 6·75 H9 0·29 35-63 * * 1·38 6·23 6·27 4·28 0·35 0·08 18·59 * * 0·49 2·20 3·15 2·13 0·08 * 8·04 * * 0·19 1·26 1 ·94 1·00 * * 4·39 * * 0·21 0·82 0·52 0-42 * * 1 ·97 * * * 0·79 0·67 0·30 * * 1·76 * * * 0·70 0·75 0·08 * * 1 ·53 * * * 0·25 0·69 0·08 * * 1 ·02 * * * 0·22 1 ·06 0·23 * * 1 ·51 * * * 0·06 0·58 0·12 * * 0·77 * * * * 0·50 0·04 * * 0·54 * * * * 0·31 0·15 * * 0·46 * * * 0·02 0·25 0·23 * * 0·50 * * * * 0·10 0·15 * * 0·25 * * * * 0·10 0·19 0·02 * 0·31 * * * * 0·10 0·27 * * 0·38 * * * * 0·02 0·19 * * 0·21 * * * * 0·02 0·20 * .. 0·22 * * * * 0·06 0·08 * * 0·15 * * * * * 0·06 0·05 * 0·11 * * * * 0·04 0·02 0·06 * 0·13 * * * * * 0·02 0·08 * 0·10 * * * * .. 0·05 * * 0·05 * * * * 0·02 0·02 0·06 * 0·10 * * * * * 0·14 0·08 * 0·22 * * * * * 0·17 0·02 * 0·19 * * * * * 0·06 0·03 * 0·09 * ... " .. * 0·02 * * 0·02 * * * * * 0·03 0·06 * 0·09 * * * * * 0·04 0·02 * 0·06 * * * * * 0·02 * * 0·02 * * * * * * * * 0·00

0·00 10·75 48·78 95·91 128·54 59·81 19·52 4·19 367·50

• = o.oo (Table values are numbers of days for the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

,

10 Wave data recording program. Tweed - 1995· 1997 • October 1997 • ISSN o 158-7757

Table4. Wave statistics - Wave period (Tp)/wave height (Hsig) occurrences -All data, all directions. measured in percentage occurrences.

9..-10:99

* * * * * * * * 0·00 * 0·01 0·04 0·08 0·16 0·10 0·04 0·01 0-43 * 0·16 0·40 0·79 1 ·33 0·77 0·40 0·09 3·96 * 0·94 2·19 3·24 3·79 2·35 0·90 0·21 13·62 * 1 ·45 3·57 4·58 6·54 3·08 0·93 0·19 20·33 * 0·87 3·13 4·97 6-42 2·41 0·85 0·20 18·85 * 0·20 2·23 4·06 4·97 1·93 0·52 0·05 13·96 * 0·02 1-13 4·00 4·59 1·68 0·33 0·04 11 ·80 * * 0·58 2·57 3·00 1·25 0·17 0·01 7·58 * * 0·16 1-19 1 ·51 0·60 0·15 0·02 3·63 * * 0·07 0·58 1 ·04 0·36 0·14 0·01 2·21 * * 0·03 0·43 0·45 0·17 0·07 0·01 1 ·16 * * * 0·24 0·27 0·09 0·01 * 0·61 * * * 0·13 0·17 0·05 * * 0·35 * * * 0·06 0·12 0·08 0·03 * 0·29 * * * 0·03 0·17 0·07 0·01 * 0·28 * * * 0·02 0·10 0·06 0·02 * 0·20 * * * * 0·08 0·02 0·01 * 0·11 * * * * 0·06 0·03 * * 0·10 * * * * 0·05 0·04 * * 0·09 * * * * 0·02 0·03 * * 0·05 * * * * 0·03 0·04 * * 0·07 * * * * 0·03 0·04 * * 0·07 * * * * 0·01 0·03 * * 0·04 * * * * 0·01 0·03 * * 0·04 * * * * 0·01 0·02 * * 0·03 * * * * * 0·01 0·01 * 0·01 * * * * 0·01 * 0·01 * 0·02 * * * * * * 0·01 * 0·01 ,.,. * * * * 0·01 * * 0·01 * * * * * * 0·01 * 0·01 * * * * * 0·02 0·01 * 0·03 * * * * * 0·02 * * 0·02 * * * * * 0·01 * * 0·01 * * * * * * * * 0·00 * * * * * * 0·01 * 0·01 * * * * * 0·01 * * 0·01 * * * * * * * * 0·00 * * * * * * * * 0·00

0·00 3·65 13·53 26-98 34·93 15·41 4·66 0·85 100·00

• = o.oo {Table values are percentage occurrences for the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

wave data recording program. Tweed - 1995-1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

Tables. Wave statistics - Wave period (rp)/wave height (Hsig) occurrences -Summer data, all directions. measured in percentage occurrences.

* * * * * * * * 0·00 * * 0·02 0·02 0·09 0·08 * * 0·22 * 0·27 0·31 0·26 0·98 0·38 0·07 0·02 2·30 * 0·98 2·11 2·50 3·46 2·37 0·55 0·09 12·06 * 1 ·71 3·24 4·59 5·17 3·15 0·89 0·08 18·84 * 1 ·08 3·26 4·92 4·76 2·19 0·60 0·22 17·03 * 0·26 2·41 3·80 5·28 1·68 0·53 0·08 14·04 * 0·02 1 ·36 4·72 5·75 1·54 0·34 0·01 13·74 * * 0·76 3·37 4·18 1·32 0·24 * 9·88 * * 0·19 1·74 2·10 0·62 0·26 0·03 4·95 * * 0·10 0·80 1 ·52 0·44 0·27 0·02 3·14 * * * 0·62 0·73 0·22 0·14 0·01 1·72 * * * 0·27 0·34 0·10 0·03 * 0·74 * * * 0·07 0·14 0·07 0·01 * 0·28 * * * 0·06 0·06 0·13 0·05 * 0·30 * * * 0·01 0·07 0·08 0·02 * 0·17 * * * 0·02 0·04 0·08 0·05 * 0·18 * * * 0·01 0·03 0·03 0·02 * 0·08 * * * 0·01 0·04 0·03 * * 0·07 * * * * 0·04 0·02 * * 0·05 * * * * 0·02 0·02 * * 0·04 * * * * 0·03 0·02 ... * 0·05 * * * * 0·04 0·01 * * 0·05 * * * * 0·01 0·01 * * 0·02 * * * * 0·02 * * * 0·02 * * * * 0·01 0·02 * * 0·02 * * * * * ,. * * 0·00 * * * * * * * * 0·00 * * * * * * * * 0·00 * * * ... * * * * 0·00 * * * * * * * * 0·00 * * * * * ,. ... * 0·00 * * * * ... * ... * 0·00 * * * * * * * * 0·00 * * * * * ,. ,. * 0·00 * * * * * * * * 0·00 * * * * * ,. * * 0·00 ... ,. ,. * * * * * 0·00 * * * * * * * * 0·00

0·00 4·32 13·77 27·78 34·89 14·61 4·05 0·57 100·00

• = 0.00 (Table values are percentage occurrences for the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

12 Wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995-1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

Table6. Wave statistics - Wave period (Tp)/wave height (Hsig) occu"ences - Winter dara. all directions. measured in percentage occurrences.

'. Slgnlflcant wave l ;. · height (Hsig)

(metres)

0·00-0·19

1:::: :· .g:�g:g:�� · j�/ 0·60-0·79 ' / 0·80-0·99 1·00-1'19

I· 1·20-1·39 1·40-1·59 ;-I 1·60-1·79 · l)�il· .. ·· 21 :08�2

1·: ,9

99:· :. i:f< v- ·:�:; :::· ··-� 2�20-2·39 .. ;,

2"40-2·59 , 2·60-2·79 2·80-2·99 3·0G-3·19 '·:' i ..... •• ·3·2o-3·39: .. ·• .:>· JL t 3·40.::.S�s9: :::xt.:

·'' � ·· · :�:��j��:·· ·;:·:�·· ;i,;: 4-0Q-4·19 4·2G-4·39 4·4G-4·59 4·6G-4·79 '.;< 4·8G-4·99 '

,::;•.:•.···:; i :�e::�ii, ;=, li 1W!::\· 5·60-5· 79 < ', 5-80-5·99 6·00-E>-19 6·2G-6·39 6·4�·59 ' h

. �:��:�� , ::;:;J!� 7:00-7·19 • \f' 7·20-7·39 7·40-7·59 , 7·60-7·79

Totals .·,, .·

0-2·99 3-4·99

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·00

* 0·01 0·05 0·90 1 ·18 0·65 0·14 0·01

* * * * * * * *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

2·93

5-6·99

* 0·06 0·49 2·27 3·93 2·98 2·04 0·88 0·37 0·13 0·05 0·06

*

* * * *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* * * *

13·27

Peak eoergy wave perlod· frp) (seconds) .: ., 7-8·99

* 0·14 1 ·37 4·04 4·56 5·02 4·34 3·22 1 ·70 0·60 0·34 0·22 0·22 0·19 0·07 0·06 0·02

* *

0·01 * *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

26·10

9-10·99 11-12·99 13-14·99 >14·99 Totals

* 0·24 1 ·72 4·14 8·03 8·22 4·63 3·34 1 ·71 0·86 0·53 0·14 0·18 0·20 0·19 0·29 0·16 0·14 0·09 0·07 0·03 0·03 0·03 0·01 0·01 0·02

* 0·01

* *

0·01 * * * * * * * *

34·98

* 0·11 1 ·20 2·34 2·99 2·66 2·20 1 ·84 1-16 0·58 0·27 0·11 0·08 0·02 0·02 0·06 0·03 0·01 0·04 0·06 0·04 0·05 0·07 0·05 0·05 0·02 0·02 0·01 0·01 0·01 0·01 0·04 0·05 0·02 0·01 0·01 0·01 0·01

*

16·28

*

0·09 0·76 1 ·29 0·96 1 ·13 0·51 0·32 0·10 0·02

* * * * * * * * * * *

0·01 * *

* 0·01 0·02 0·02

* 0·02 0·02 0·01 0·01

* 0·02 0·01

* *

5·31

* 0·02 0·17 0·34 0·31 0·18 0·02 0·08 0·02

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·00 0·67 5·76

15·31 21 ·95 20·83 13·87

9·69 5·06 2·19 1-19 0·54 0·48 0·42 0·28 0·41 0·21 0·15 0·12 0·14 0·07 0·09 0·10 0·06 0·06 0·04 0·03 0·03 0·03 0·01 0·03 0·06 0·05 0·03 0·01 0·03 0·02 0·01 0·00

1-14 100·00

• = 0.00 {Table values are percentage occurrences tor the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

Wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995· 1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757 13

Table7. Wave statistics - Wave directions (a)/wavs height (Hsig) occurrences -All data, all periods (Tp), measured in days.

·stgnJfi�nl <' ,.

wave hefght (Hsig) ·

(metres)

0·00-0·1 9 0·2o.:::4�?g,�. , 0'40-0:59)·'· 0·60--0·79; 0·80-0·99 .· 1·00-1'19 1 ·20-1·39 1 -40-1·:59 1 ·6.0-1·7� .<' :.

•· ·�:��;��:�;;:;; ;, ,· 2·20:�39 �:

2·40-i159: 2·60-2·79 2·80-2·99 3·00-3-: 1:9 3·2�:?,�f::

I:: : ·�:i�j�Ji!:.� .·

4·00-4·�9 4·20-4·39 . 4·40-4•59 4·60-4·79 4·80-4·99 . !:ii�� 5·6Q-:-5q9 5·8(}-5;99 . 6·0CHM.�. 6·20-6;3� -6·40-6·5R· . · 6·604>'.79,�;:. "' . 6·8�i99J ,: ·

· 1�oo.;;1.,,1:9 < 7·20-7;3if 7·40-7'5"9 7·60-7·79

Totals ' , ·

0-0-22•5 * * *

0·50 2·38 1 ·33 0·83 0·17

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ... * * * * * * * * * * *

5·21

· ·

j ,ilr:·:'::·· ::.· : ·_: ·. . ·.

22·5--45·0 * *

1 ·42 7·96

15·69 1 1 ·77

6·88 2·58 1 ·03 0·48 0·42 0·08 0·04

* * * * * * * * * * ... * * * * * * • * * * * * * * *

48·34

45�7·5 *

0·17 1 ·23 4·35 8·15 7·46 4·08 3·04 1 ·87 1 - 1 7 1 ·25 1 ·04 0·54 0·17

* 0·15 0·06 0·10 0·15 0·37 0· 13 0·23 0·27 0· 17 0·04 0·02

* * * *

0·02 0·04 0·04 0·02

* 0·03

* * *

36·36

: ,. ' Wave direction (alpna) (degrees) . . . -:.···.· . ' . .... .; · �C:,i:'j:; . :· .. .

67·5-SO-O 9().0-112-5 112·5-135-0 135-0-157·5 157·5-180-0 * * * * *

0·25 1·58 1·33 * * 2·52 1 1 ·60 1 2·52 1 ·08 *

1 5·88 34·15 39·31 2·38 * 25·71 48·71 52·35 3·08 * 27·1 0 51 ·77 43·69 1·65 *

22·08 39·77 32·38 1 -17 *

18·85 37·73 27·66 0·62 * 13·31 25-96 15·79 0·21 *

6-98 1 1 ·54 7·54 0·16 * 5·53 6·58 3·14 0·06 * 3·20 3·84 0·71 * *

2·05 1·92 0·17 * * 1 ·59 0·77 0·12 * * 1 ·55 0·60 0·06 * * 1 ·40 0·62 0·02 * * 0·90 0·54 * * * 0·48 0·27 * * * 0·50 0·10 * * *

0·29 0·04 * * * 0·29 * * * * 0·29 * * * * 0·29 * * * * 0·10 * * * * 0·24 * * * * 0·21 * * * * 0·1 1 * * * * 0·13 * * ,.. ... 0·10 * * * * 0·05 * * * * 0·08 * * * * 0·18 * * * * 0·15 * * * * 0·07 " * * * 0·02 * * * * 0·06 * * * * 0·06 * * * *

0·02 * * * * * * * * *

152·65 278·1 1 236·79 10·41 0·00

·: :

. . . ·} .

1337 S-360-0 Totals

* 0·00 * 3·33 * 30·38

0·04 1 04·56 0·04 156·10

* 1 44·77 * 107·19 * 90·66 * 58·18 * 27·86 * 16·98 * 8·87 * 4·72 * 2·66 * 2·22 * 2·19 * 1 ·50 * 0·85 * 0·75 * 0·71 * 0-42 * 0·52 * 0·56 * 0·27 * 0·28 * 0·23 * 0·11 * 0·13 * 0·10 * 0·05 * 0·10 * 0·22 * 0·19 * 0·09 * 0·02 * 0·09 * 0·06 * 0·02 * 0·00

0·08 767·96 • = o.oo (Table values are percentage occurrences for the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

14 wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995-1997 · October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

Tables. Wave statistics

- Wave directions (o)/Wave height (Hsig) ocwrrences - Summer data, all directions. measured in days.

Significant . wave�:{Jht,

·(!�i:�i': · -:\

. : .• 0·0-22:5 .. : · " 0·00--0; 19

0·20--0;39 0·4�:59 0·60--0·7'9 0·8°'4:99. 1 ·00-H9 ·

1 ·2�1 ·:39 · 1 · 40-::: 1�S9 '<•' .

·: ,� '.��R��i:;::·!!', 1·:, ' 2 Oeh'21i,1'9'.'"' ' '''·�::: · i2o42��rrf:1:'�: 2·4(};2'59'+: ., . . 2-.6o12�9 '' 2·8(}.-2'.99 3:0(}i3· 19 . 3·20-3'39 3 .�3 ,fi9. 3· 6(}::-3:7.9 3:ao-;::3:'99. · · ·. 4:0�' � ! �\( '.

'..' i��!li:j�11�1Q : .4·80-4�99,, � ' . 5·6o..:5�1'if� .. :': 5·20-75.·39 .. 5·4{}-'-5·59 : 5·60-'5'7� 5·80-.:.S�99 ' 6·00:.:0'.19 ,; 6·2o-:6':39

· lSl 7·40-:7.�59 ·.· 7·60-7"79

Totals

* * *

0·50 2·38 1 ·33 0·83 0·17

* * * "' * * ...

* * * * * * * * * * * .. * * * * * * * * * * *

5·21

* *

1 ·42 7·96

15·69 1 1 ·77

6·88 2·58 1 ·03 0·48 0·42 0·08 0·04

* "' * * * * *

* * • * • *

* * *

* "' * * * *

48·34

* 0·17 1 ·23 4·35 8·15 7·46 4·08 3·04 1 ·87 1-17 1 ·25 1 ·04 0·54 0·17

* 0·15 0·06 0·10 0·15 0·37 0·13 0·23 0·27 0·17 0·04 0·02

*

* *

0·02 0·04 0·04 0·02

* 0·03

* "' "'

36·36

Wave direction (alpha} (degrees)

*

0·25 2·52

15·88 25·71 27·10 22·08 18·85 13·31

6·98 5·53 3·20 2·05 1 ·59 1 ·55 1 ·40 0·90 0·48 0·50 0·29 0·29 0·29 0·29 0·10 0·24 0·21 0·11 0·13 0·10 0·05 0·08 0·18 0·15 0·07 0·02 0·06 0·06 0·02

*

152·65

* 1 ·58

1 1 ·60 34·15 48·71 51·77 39·77 37·73 25·96 1 1 ·54

6·58 3·84 1 ·92 0·77 0·60 0·62 0·54 0·27 0·10 0·04

* * * * *

* •

* * * * * * * * * * *

278·11

.;. ·- --:-· .

* 1 ·33

12·52 39·31 52·35 43·69 32·38 27·66 15·79 7·54 3·14 0·71 0·17 0·12 0·06 0·02

* * * * * * * * * * * ..

* * * * * * * * * *

236·79

* *

1 ·08 2·38 3·08 1 ·65 1 ·17 0·62 0·21 0·1 6 0·06

* * * * * * * • * • • ... • • • • •

* * * • * * * * * * *

10·41 •; 0.00 (Table values are percentage occurrences for the recording period, rounded to me second decimal place.)

Wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995-1997 • October 1997 •ISSN 0158-7757

* * * * * * * * * * * * • * * * • * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

*

0·00

* * *

0·04 0·04

* * * * * * * * *

* * * *

* * •

* * * * * * * * * .. * * * *

0·08

Totals

0·00 3·33

30·38 104·56 156·10 144·77 107·19 90·66 58·18 27·86 1 6·98 8·87 4·72 2·66 2·22 2·19 1 ·50 0·85 0·75 0·71 0·42 0·52 0·56 0·27 0·28 0·23 0·11 0·13 0·10 0·05 0·10 0·22 0·19 0·09 0·02 0·09 0·06 0·02 0·00

767·96

15

Table9. Wave statistics - Wave directions (a}/Wave height (Hsig)occurrences - Winter data. all directions. measured in days.

.. $jg_nificant ;: : ;· . ,, , ;.wj.v.� helghtA If' , : + (Hslg) .•. (metre s)

. wave direction (a_lpha) {degrees) ' . � ;:: �: " : ;:::-: � .

.,

0·0-22·5 22·5-45·0 45-0-67•5 67·5-90·0 90-0-1 12·5 112·5-135-0 135-0-157·5 157·5-180-0 337·5-360·0 Totals . .. ·:·

0·00-0· 19 ., 0-20-0·39 0·4&-0·59 0·60-0·79 CM30--0·99 ' ::-. '·· 1 �o.<>i1 �1 ·9 ,,;, ,: ,�-; 1:20-1·39 1 ·4o-1·59 H>0-1·79 J ��1 ;,9J,J :·:

:Z�OOf.:2�1 9 ::•:

2�29-,2-39 2·4.o-2·59 2�00.,.2-79

"� 2.,�q;2,9�: . .. . �! '' 3i©-:3·1 9 .. :• 3·20-3·39 3�40,-3.59 ,,, 3·'60:-3· 79 3;,�.99 ,, : 4�001.4: 1 '9 : ; t 4•20-4·39 4·4(}-4·59 ; ��·79

; ' '-�1�:��·' t;i ::· 5·20-5·39 5·40-5·59 5·S0...:5· 79 ,:: .si&¥s; 99> '·· 6\0().it).19 . ·, 5:20-6·39 6·40-6·59 6.·60-6·79 · �;�� .,�: i2G-::7·39 7·40-7·59 7.·6fF-7·79 " . ,., :

* * *

0·50 2·38 1 ·33 0·83 0·17

* * * * * * * * * " * * * * * * * * * • * *

* *

* * * *

5·21

*

1 ·42 7·96

1 5·69 1 1 ·77

6·88 2·58 1 ·03 0·48 0·42 0·08 0·04

* * * * * * * * .. * * * * *

* * * * .. * * * * * *

48·34

* 0·17 1 ·23 4·35 8·15 7·46 4·08 3·04 1 ·87 1 ·17 1 ·25 1 ·04 0·54 0·17

0·15 0·06 0·10 0·15 0·37 0·13 0·23 0·27 0·17 0·04 0·02

* .. * *

0·02 0·04 0·04 0·02

* 0·03

* * *

* 0·25 2·52

1 5·88 25·71 27·10 22·08 1 8·85 13·31

6·98 5·53 3·20 2·05 1 ·59 1·55 1 ·40 0·90 0·48 0·50 0·29 0·29 0·29 0·29 0·10 0·24 0·21 0·11 0·13 0·10 0·05 0·08 0·18 0·15 0·07 0·02 0·06 0·06 0·02

*

* 1·58

1 1 ·60 34·15 48·71 51 ·77 39·77 37·73 25·96 1 1 ·54

6·58 3·84 1 ·92 0·77 0·60 0·62 0·54 0·27 0·10 0·04

* * * * ... * * .. * * * * * * * * * * *

*

1 ·33 12·52 39·31 52·35 43·69 32·38 27·66 15·79

7·54 3·14 0·71 0·17 0·12 0·06 0·02

* * * * * * * *

* *

*

* * * * ... * * * *

36·36 1 52·65 278·11 236·79

,. *

1 ·08 2·38 3·08 1 ·65 1 ·17 0·62 0·21 0·16 0·06

" * * * * * *

* * * * * * * *

* * * * ... * * *

*

10·41

*

* * * * * * * * * .. * * *

* * * * * * * * *

* 'It * * * * * * * * * * *

0·00

* * *

0·04 0·04

* * * *

* * * * * * * * * ... ... " * * " * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·08

0·00 3·33

30·38 1 04·56 156·10 144·77 107·19

90·66 58·18 27·86 1 6·98

8·87 4·72 2·66 2·22 2·19 1 ·50 0·85 0·75 0·71 0·42 0·52 0·56 0·27 0·28 0·23 0·11 0·13 0·10 0·05 0·10 0·22 0·19 0·09 0·02 0·09 0·06 0·02 0·00

767·96

• = o.oo (Table values are percentage occurrences for the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

16 Wave data recording program. Tweed- 1995-1997· October 1997 • ISSN0158-7757

Table 10. Wave stat1stics - Wave directions (a}/wave height (Hsig) occurrences -All data, all periods, (rp), measured in percentage occurrences.

·:::: . Significant . . : 1:: ,:�: '.; ' :) J Wave cl.ir:ection (alpha) <�'-9��es)' wave height;:·

(Hsig) (metres)

0·00-0·19 j!i1 .g:�gj:�· :: .; • ·o:so-o·79 ; .

•0·80-0·99 1·00-1·19

: 1 ·20-1 ·39 1 ·40-1·59

.J.·&0-1 ·79 :- ; : :' l ·80-1 ·99 fa.2:00-2-19

·- . _>-:. :· j:: :i: ;.·� .

, 2;20-2·39 :. ·: ·· : · 2·40-2·59 2·60-2·79 2·80-2·99

. 3·00-3·19 ·3·20...:3·39 . '

. ';;3.4()-:3.59·: : . i {'<_; 1;;::; 3 ��<>.:.3� 79'

.,. 3·8°""3·99 ·.·· .::• · 4·00-4.·19

4·.20-4·39 · 4·40-4·59 . 4·60-4·79

. :, 4·80-4·99

,] :�;g��:�� i·<:� :':' 5·40-5·59 -�: .

i : 5·60-5· 79 5·80-5·99

· s·00-6·19 6·20-6·39

' 6•40-6·59 ::\ 6·69-6: ?.9. ''S>'. }&80-6�99 ' .

·. :7·00-7·19. :'!µ 7·20-7·39 7·40-7·59 7·60-7·79

Totals : "

'

0-0--22·5 22-5-45-0

* * * * * 0·18

0·07 1 ·04 0·31 2·04 0·17 1 ·53 0·1 1 0·90 0·02 0·34

* 0·13 ft 0·06 * 0·05 * 0·01 * 0·01 * * * * * * * * * * * ft * ft * * * * * * * * * * * * * * . * * * * * * * * * .. * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·68 6·30

: , , .. -}f��l ' • ' .·.··

45-0-67·5 67·5-00-0 . 90·0--112·5 112·5-135·0 135-0-157·5

* * * * * 0·02 0·03 0·21 0·17 ft

0·16 0·33 1 ·51 1 ·63 0·14 0·57 2·07 4·45 5·12 0·31 1 ·06 3·35 6·34 6·82 0·40 0·97 3·53 6·74 5·69 0·21 0·53 2·88 5·18 4·22 0·15 0·40 2·46 4·91 3·60 0·08 0·24 1 ·73 3·38 2·06 0·03 0·15 0·91 1 ·50 0·98 0·02 0·16 0·72 0·86 0·41 0·01 0·14 0·42 0·50 0·09 *

0·07 0·27 0·25 0·02 *

0·02 0·21 0·10 0·02 * * 0·20 0·08 0·01 *

0·02 0·18 0·08 * * 0·01 0·12 0·07 * ft

0·01 0·06 0·04 * ft 0·02 0·07 0·01 * * 0·05 0·04 0·01 * *

0·02 0·04 * * * 0·03 0·04 * * * 0·04 0·04 * * * 0·02 0·01 * * * 0·01 0·03 * * *

* 0·03 * * * * 0·01 * .... * • 0·02 .. * * * 0·01 * * * * 0·01 * * * * 0·01 * .. *

0·01 0·02 * * *

0·01 0·02 * * * * 0·01 * * * * * * * * * 0·01 * * * * 0·01 * * * * * * * * * * * * *

4·74 19·88 36·21 30·83 1 ·36 • : 0.00 ((able values are percentage occurrences for the recording period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

wave dala recording program. Tweed- 1995· 1997 · October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

'''': : .::=-: =

·

1t· ' .. •,

. ; :·,;; ,

-·'.� . •. : · :;-

157·5-180·0 337·5-360·0 Totals

* * 0·00 * ft 0·43 * * 3·96 * 0·01 1 3·62 ft 0·01 20·33 * ft 18·85 * * 13·96 * * 1 1 ·80 * * 7·58 * * 3·63 * * 2·21 * * 1 - 1 6 * * 0·61 * * 0·35 * * 0·29 * * 0·28 * * 0·20 * * 0·1 1 * * 0·10 * * 0·09 * * 0·05 * * 0·07 * * 0·07 * * 0·04 * * 0·04 * * 0·03 * * 0·01 * * 0·02 * * 0·01 * * 0·01 * * 0·01 * * 0·03 * * 0·02 * * 0·01 * * 0·00 * * 0·01 * * 0·01 * * 0·00 * * 0·00

0·00 0·01 100·00

17

Table 1 1 . Wave staristics - Wave directions (o)/Wave height (Hsig) occurrences -Summer data, all periods, measured in percentage occurrences.

'' Slgnm�iii ,. wave h�gtit�'

(Hsig} (metres)

: .:: .. ''· · •· =' • : ::-:wave direction {alpha). (degrees}

; '·:-:: _'; -. . .···.

0.0-22·5 225-45·0 45·0-67·5 67·5-00-0 90·0-112·5 112-S-135-0 135.0-157·5 157·5-180·0 337·5-360·0 To1als

0·00-0·19 . . o ,2�·39: , .

. · .. · , o:�o+Q'.s§Y/ ::

0,60.::-0mK· 0·80-0 ·99.'ii 1·00-1-19 1 ·20-1·39' 1 ·40-1 ·59 1 ·60-1.·:79�

�:: i��§�;�·l:t:::r · 2-4().'.'.2-s9;.� 2·60-2·79 2·80-2·99 3·0()-:.3·1 9 � .3·20-3:39. :, ... ;;� ,�:i!l!l:, �1i1 4.(j0-4:19; :· 4·20-4·3�f. 4·40-4·59 4·60-4·79 4·80-4·99\ ....

· .�:-��:��ii;fo:il' 5·40-,.6i59:.�· ·:··� 5·6�·79{;�· . 5·80-S·.99'' . 6·00-6·19» . 6·20-6·39_: .. 6·40-6·59 '

' ��i�i;.: · � :�g:�:;��1::::_ .' 7·40-7·59. 7·60-7·79.

Totals

* * *

0·03 0·10 0·19 0·11 0·04

* * * * * * * * * * *

*

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·48

* *

0·18 H O 2·04 1·63 0·96 0·22 0·14 0·06 0·07

* * * * * * * * * * *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

6·40

* 0·02 0·15 0·58 0·90 0·68 0·16 0·18 0·12 0·03 0·08 0·08 0·02

*

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* *

* * .. .. *

2·99

* *

0·37 1 ·51 3·04 2·74 2·95 3·52 2·79 1 ·42 1 ·01 0·65 0·29 0·12 0·16 0·09 0·11 0·04 0·05 0·05 0·04 0·05 0·05 0·02 0·02 0·02

* * *

* * * * * * * * *

21 ·11

* 0·10 0·74 4·46 6·45 6·73 5·98 6·26 4·78 2·41 1·46 0·89 0·40 0·14 0·12 0·08 0·07 0·04 0·02 0·01

* * * * * .. * .. * * * * * * * * * *

41-12

* 0·09 0·83 4·25 5·95 4·94 3·69 3-44 2·02 1 ·01 0·51 0·11 0·04 0·03 0·02 0·01

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * • * * • *

26·92

* •

0·03 0·14 0·35 0·13 0·19 0·08 0·03 0·02

• * * * * • * * * * * * * * * * *

* * * * * * * * * * *

0·97

* *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·00

* * * *

0·01 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* * * * *

* * * * * * * * * * *

0·01

0·00 0·22 2·30

12·06 18·84 17·03 14·04 13·74

9·88 4·95 3·14 1 ·72 0·74 0·28 0·30 0·17 0·18 0·08 0·07 0·05 0·04 0·05 0·05 0·02 0·02 0·02 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00 0·00

100·00

• = 0.00 {Table values are percentage occurrences for the recording period. rounded to the second decimal place.)

18 wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995· 1997 · October 1997 · ISSN 0158-7757

Table 12 Wave statistics -Wave directions (o)/Wave height (Hslg) occurrences -Winter data. all periods (Tp). measured in percentage occurrences.

Wave direction (alpha) (degrees) Significant wave h�i9ht:

(Hsig)i •·· . (mefr�s):: · ; · . 0·0-22·5 67·5-90·0 90·0-112-s 1.12-s-'13s·o 13s-0-157-5 157:5-180'0 337·5-360-0 0·00-0•19 0·20-0·39 0·40-0·59 0·60-0·79 O·&Hl:99 1·00-1 ·19 1 ·20-1·39 1 ·40-1 :sg 1 ·sof1: �79· ::

: �:��lf.� :.1:; ;� 2 "2<HZ39 · ··· . . 2:4��59t>; 2·60-2-79. 2·8�2:�99:. 3·00-3-19. 3·2().....:3'39 . 3·40-3·59 ·• 3·60-3•79 3·80-3�99 . 4-��.19' ;. 4��fi�3·�r:: .,;:;;:.

··.·:· .··:��!:: :.·'.··'.: ::; , . .5·00-5·'19· . 5·20.,.:5�.39. 5.40-5,59 ,. 5.6Q-5c79 5·80-5·99 6·oo-£:1.9 6·2o-6:39 6-40---6�59. . 6'6o-6i79;

. � :=i��!· > : 7 �2():..7'}39 : . 7·40-7·59 .' 7·60-7�79

Totals

* * *

0·10 0·53 0·16 0·10

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

0·90

* *

0·19 0·96 2·05 1 ·43 0·83 0·46 0·12 0·07 0·03 0·02 0·01

* * * * *

* * *

* * * * * * * *

* * * * * *

6·18

*

0·02 0·18 0·55 1 ·24 1 ·29 0·94 0·63 0·37 0·29 0·25 0·20 0·13 0·05

* 0·04 0·02 0·03 0·04 0·10 0·03 0·06 0·07 0·05 0·01 0·01

* * * *

0·01 0·01 0·01 0·01

* 0·01

* * *

6·63

* 0·07 0·28 2·68 3·68 4·39 2·79 1 ·29 0·58 0·36 0·40 0·16 0·24 0·30 0·24 0·29 0·12 0·09 0·08 0·03 0·03 0·02 0·03 0·01 0·05 0·03 0·03 0·03 0·03 0·01 0·02 0·05 0·04 0·02 0·01 0·02 0·02 0·01

*

18·53

* 0·32 2·35 4·43 6·23 6·75 4·31 3·45 1 ·86 0·51 0·20 0·08 0·09 0·06 0·03 0·09 0·07 0·03 0·01 0·01

* * * *

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

30·87

* 0·26 2·50 6·07 7·77 6·50 4·79 3·78 2·10 0·95 0·29 0·07 0·01 0·01

* * * * * * * * * *

* * * * * * * .. * * * * * *

35·10

* *

0·26 0·50 0·45 0·31 0·11 0·08 0·02 0·02 0·02

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ... *

1 ·77

• : 0.00 {Table values are percentage occurrences for the reccrding period, rounded to the second decimal place.)

wave data recording program, Tweed- 1995-1997· October 1997• JSSN 0158·7757

... * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ... * * * * * * *

0·00

* * *

0·01 * .. * .. ... * * * ... * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

* *

0·01

To1als

0·00 0·67 5·76

15·31 21·95 20·83 13·87

9·69 5·06 2·19 1 '19 0·54 0·48 0·42 0·28 0·41 0·21 0·15 0·12 0·14 0·07 0·09 0·10 0·06 0·06 0·04 0·03 0·03 0·03 0·01 0·03 0·06 0·05 0·03 0·01 0·03 0·02 0·01 0·00

1 00·00

19

20

· ·. · · .. ·. Southport· . ·

2&•0·· ' . •.

. .

. .

Queensland

Beach Protection Authority Queensland

Department of Environment

Not to scale

... .., :.. �

� Soele

, r 1 kllom1tr11

• Wave recording station

..b.. Waverlder buoy

Depth In metres to mean sea level

Waverider buoy location

1 13 January 1995 lo 28 February 1997 \

• 0

"' 0

Locality plan

Wave data recording program Tweed Region

Figure 1

I <SI 0

2e·s·

211·1 0·

Wave oata recoroing program. Tweed - 1995-1997 • Octot:ler 1997 • ISSN o 158-7757

45 40

.. 35 � 30 0 " 25 u c � 20 :; u 15 u 0

t( 1 0 5 0

N NNE

45 40

" 35 :§ 30 0 .. 25 u c � 20 .... :J u 15 u 0 � 10

5

NNE

45 40

.. 35 :§ 30 0 .. u 25 c " 20 .... .... :J u u 0 15 � 10

5 0

N NNE

NE ENE

NE ENE

NE ENE

E a .(degrees) Winter data

E a (degrees� Summer do a

E a lde�rees) II oto

ESE SE

ESE SE

ESE SE

Histogram percentage (of time) occurrence of wave directions (a)

for all wave heights (Hsig)

~ Beach Protection

Wave data recording program Authority Queensland Tweed Region


wave data recording program. Tweed- 1995-1997 · October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

SSE s

SSE s

SSE s

Figure 2

21

22

25

0 1 5 " u c t ::J 1 0 u u

0

0

0.0

25

0 1s i----" u c � 5 1 0 u u 0 �

25

0 15 1-----G> u c 41 .... 5 1 0 u u 0 �

5

0

0.0

I ;) 2.0

LO 2.0

1 . 0 2.0

3.0

3.0

4.0

Hsi,g (metres) Winter doto

4.0

Hsig (metres) Summer doto

5.0

5.0

3.0 4.0 5.0

Hsiq (metres) All doto

6.0

6.0

6.0

Histogram percentage (of time) occurrence of wave heights (Hsig)

for all wave heights (Tp)




7.0 8.0

. 7.0 8.0

7.0 8.0

Figure 3

Wave data recording program, Tweed - 1995-1997 • October 1997 · ISSN o 158-7757

;----__ __.. ________ ·-·- .. . .. --··---� ___ _._ ___ ..__ __ --I

cu .s 0 cu u

20 c � ... �

1 5 u u 0 � 1 0

5

0

1 . 0 3.0 5.0

40

35

cu 30 E :.;: 0 25

cu 0 20 c cu ....

:; 1 5 0 0 0

� 1 0

5

0

1.0 3.0 5.0

40

35

cu 30 � 0 25

cu 0 20 c:

� :;

1 5 0 0 0 � 1 0

1.0 3.0 5.0

7.C

7.0

7.0

-·' � 1.v

I ' 0 3�C()r"'C';) Nir"i: �r ·;c::

9.0

Tp (seconds) Summer doto

9.0

ip (seconds) All OOlO

i 1 .0 13.0

1 1 .0 13.0

1 1 .0 13.0

Histogram percentage (of time) occurrence of wave periods (Tp)

for all wave heights (Hsig)




Wave data recording program. Tweed - 1995· 1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158· 7757

15.0 > 1 5.0

1 5.0 >15.0

15.0 >15.0

Figure 4

;

23

24

:: � � 20

2.00 1.90

.'l' � 1.80 0 E � l!

.. c 1.70 �

l -·······.· ... · .. ···.·.·· .... ·.; .. · .

OL-�__.:..._..__��..i.....;;��_._�� 1.0

60

1.� 2.0 rolio -. / H""i 2.5 J.O

1 . 60

1.50 0

I.II

1.6 ... . E

2 HoicJ (m)

J

l ·! 1.4� -----··_...·····-··

20

20

15

30

• l! � 20 l! "

1.0

1 . 0

1 .2 1.4 tolio Ht1 I """'

1.5 2.0 .2.5 rolio Tp I Ti

1.!I 2.0 nnio Tp I TIMJ

1.5

l.O

2. !I

"' � e

1.2 >-

1.0 1.8 0

!I 4

� 3

c � 2

3.!I

3.0

Wave parameter relationships

2 H'"i (m)

Tp (-)

Tp (-)

1 3 January 1 995 to 28 February 1 997




3

Figure 5

'

•

Wave data recording program. Tweed- 1995-1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

-a: � c -.. CD > a: 't:> CD CD �

-E -Cl u; :c

i CJ � CD c c

> > 0 0 z z

- -8 t.> 0

c. CD en

Cl Cl :::i :::i c( c(

:; :; .., ..,

c: c: :::i :::i .., ..,

>-CIS �

.. ... c. c. < <

.... ... ca Cd � �

&l CD u. � - CD ¥ � -U) fO U) � c O> -

C O> c. ca m I-

ca °' =a .., _ .., _

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cD cD • � d • cD � <O d d C\I - - Q) -

Daily wave recordings 1 3 January 1 995 to 3 1 December 1 995




Wave data reccrding program. Tweed- 1995-1997· October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

t.> Q) c

> 0 z

-CJ 0

c. CD en

Cl :::i <

:; ..,

c: ::J ..,

>-CIS �

... c. <

.... as �

&l CD u.

It) C O> as O> .., _

0 0 0 0 &ti 0 &ti ci <') ' CJ) • -

Figure 6.01

25

-a: :: 0 -... Q) > a: "C Q) Q) 3: t-

•

-E -O>

u; �

26

,r

� � 0 0 . Q) Q) :==-� 0 0

� .

> > 0 0 z z

- -0 0 0 0

a. a. Q) Q) C/J C/J

O> O> O> ::::J ::::J ::::s < < <

"3 "3 "3 .., .., ..,

c:: c:: ::::J ::::J

.., ..,

>-C1S >-ca :E �

._ ._ ._ a. a. a. < < <

._ ._ ._ m C1S as � :E �

.c .c ..0 G> Q) - a> LL. LL. t- LL. 0) - Q) 0 "C a> -

"' I/) co Q. "' c:: O> - c: O> ._I c:: O> as O> Q. ca O> ctJ O> .., .... t- .., .... :c .., .... 0 0 � 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 «> cO � C'.i 0 � «> C\i cO 0 0 � ' 0 iri 0 N .... .... CD O> � .... ....

Daily wave recordings 1 3 January 1 996 to 31 December 1 996



Wave data recording program

Tweed Region Figure 6.02

Wave clata recording program, Tweet! - 1995· 1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158· 7757

-a: � 0 -.... G> > a: 'U Q) G> � I-

-E -C> c;; J:

0 0 Q) Q) 0 0

> > 0 0 z z

- -0 0 0 0

c.. c.. Q) Q) en en

:; :; -, -,

c: c: ::I :::J -, ..,

>-as >-cu � �

... .... 0.. 0.. < <

.... .... as cu

+; � � �

< J:l � J:l G> G> � LL LL a - . G>

�> g 2 1:J -.... en ,.... c..

-'; c: O> - � .... : c: CJ) ._I 0. � as O> �� as m .., .... I- . .., .... =c 0 0 0 0 0 0 C? 0 0 0 0 c:O cO � ell ci � Cl) ell cO ci ci C\I .... .... Cl) ....

Daily wave recordings 1 3 January 1 997 to 28 February 1 997




Wave data recording program, Tweed - 1995-1997 • October 1997 • ISSN O 158-7757

. .

. .

.

... j�

� . . . . . . . . . . .

:� : . . . . .

� : .... 0 0 0 Lri ci Lri <"'.> O> "II' ....

0 G> 0

> 0 z

-0 0

Cl. CD en

::::I -,

c: :::J -,

>. as �

.... c.. <

.... as �

J:l Q) LL

,.... c: O> as O> -, .... 0 ci

Figure 6.03

27

28

119'·

• 145• 1so· 156• ,.. I 1·· I I ·---ti=-o· _ _ .;---\ ---.t:.�-�-·-· ··-1-- 1·--·--+- � ! I I 1

·

I I : I \ I i

/ I I r-:--r---rr-------J1--;��-+-1---1 \ � '\ C•j\ I � I I \ II I �� ,1 '•,�''•._JI I \. Townsville -: 2o" i ! . . ' J· 1 I '•,, , I \ j I \ I \ I ! �

� I ·��· �-j-� ��-,-��4q;-�rl ____ ---J'Ui •_j ':. I \ I :..� \ I I 1 \ \

�.",',

'

.. J 'i \. 1· ,f( , ao• _ � ,

Key to cyclones

• -- • -- • - Violet .

Cyclone tracks 1 995 to 1 997


Wave data recording program

Tweed Region Department of Environment

0 160

..

t 1:16000000

S20 480 840 Kilometres

Figure 7

800

Wave data recording program. Tweed- 1995-1997 • October 1997 • ISSN 0158-7757

iiii::::::O

- Department...A transformation matrix is used to calculate these measured accelerations ......

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Transcript of - Department...A transformation matrix is used to calculate these measured accelerations ......