© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 1 of 43 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter You could measure...

© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Slide 1 of 43

The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

You could measure the amount of sand in a sand sculpture by counting each grain of sand, but it would be much easier to weigh the sand. You’ll discover how chemists measure the amount of a substance using a unit called a mole, which relates the number of particles to the mass.

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Slide 2 of 43

Measuring Matter

Measuring Matter

What are three methods for measuring the amount of something?

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> Measuring Matter

You often measure the amount of something by one of three different methods—by count, by mass, and by volume.

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Slide 4 of 43

What is a Mole?

What Is a Mole?

How is Avogadro’s number related to a mole of any substance?

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> What is a Mole?

A mole of any substance contains Avogadro’s number of representative particles, or 6.02 1023 representative particles.

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1 mole = 6.02 x 10 23 RP

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> What is a Mole?10.1

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> What is a Mole?

Converting Number of Particles to Moles

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> What is a Mole?


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How many moles are in each of the following:

1. 5.75 x 1024 atoms Al

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> What is a Mole?


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2. 3.75 x 1024 molecules of CO2

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> What is a Mole?


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3. 3.58 x 1023 formula units ZnCl2

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> What is a Mole?


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4. 2.50 x 1020 atoms Fe


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.2

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> What is a Mole?

Converting Moles to Number of Particles

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X unit of unknown = given x Conversion Factor

conversion factor= 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 Representative particles

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> What is a Mole?


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1. Determine the number of atoms in 2.50 mol Zn.

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> What is a Mole?


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2. Given 3.25 mol of AgNO3, determine the number of formula units.

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> What is a Mole?


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3. Calculate the number of molecules in 11.5 mol H2O



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The Mass of a Mole of an Element

The Mass of a Mole of an Element

How is the atomic mass of an element related to the molar mass of an element?

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> The Mass of a Mole of an Element

The atomic mass of an element is numerically equal to the molar mass of an element.

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Slide 19 of 43

The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

How is the mass of a mole of a compound calculated?

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> The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

To calculate the molar mass of a compound, find the number of grams of each element in one mole of the compound. Then add the masses of the elements in the compound.

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> The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

Substitute the unit grams for atomic mass units. Thus 1 mol of SO3 has a mass of 80.1 g.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4


SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4


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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 10.4

Problem Solving 10.7 Solve Problem 7 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.


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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

10.1 Section Quiz.

10.1.


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10.1 Section Quiz.

1. Three common ways of measuring the amount of something are by count, by mass, and

a. by temperature.

b. by volume.

c. by area.

d. by density.


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10.1 Section Quiz.

2. A mole of hydrogen gas, H2(g), contains 6.02 x 1023

a. molecules.

b. atoms.

c. amu.

d. grams.


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10.1 Section Quiz.

3. The atomic mass of fluorine is 19.0 amu, so the molar mass is

a. 19.0 amu.

b. 19.0 g.

c. 6.02 x 1023 amu.

d. 6.02 x 1023 g.


Slide 31 of 43

10.1 Section Quiz.

4. Calculate the molar mass of ammonium nitrate.

a. 45.02 g

b. 80.05 g

c. 60.06 g

d. 48.05 g

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© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 1 of 43 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter You could measure...

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