© Copyright 2008 - 2012 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 1 Chief Judge Electronics Clinic...

© Copyright 2008 - 2012 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association1

Chief Judge Electronics Clinic

May, 2008

©Copyright 2008 -2012 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association

2

Today

Introduction to Timing in Electronic Meets

Timing Systems

Role of CJE & Electronics Operator

Up the “Electronic” Ladder

Questionnaire – 15 minutes

Review (answers)


Meet Formats

Manual

Timers start timing from Starter’s “flash”

Timers stop timing when swimmers touch wall

Official time calculated and recorded

Results created when event is completed

Electronic

Starter’s signal starts timing

Swimmer touching wall finishes race and timing

Times downloaded to reporting computer

Results automatically created as each race completes

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Meet Formats

Manual

Timers start timing from Starter’s “flash”

Timers stop timing when swimmers touch wall

Official time calculated and recorded

Results created when event is completed

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Starter / Timers / Chief Timer

Timers / Chief Timer

Chief Finish Judge

Recorder/Scorer


Meet Formats

Electronic

Starter’s signal starts timing

Swimmer touching wall finishes race and timing

Times downloaded to reporting computer

Results automatically created as each race completes

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Starter / Chief Judge Electronics

Recorder/Scorer

Recorder/Scorer

Chief Judge Electronics / Operator


Meet FormatsIn an electronic meet, what happened to: Chief Finish Judge?

Where Automatic Officiating Equipment is used to judge the finish of a race, the chief finish judge must report the order of finish recorded by the Equipment after each race. (SW 2.10.3)

All timing consoles provide a printout with order of finish Results computer also calculates order of finish

Timers? Unless a video backup system is used, it may be

necessary to use the full complement of timekeepers even when Automatic Officiating Equipment is used. (SW 2.9.4)

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Timing Systems

What equipment do we use? (FR 4.6)Starting unitBlock sensor (early starts)Touchpads (finishes)Cameras / Plungers (backup)Timing console (tie all equipment together)

FINA Facilities Rules (FR 4) addresses requirements for the equipment

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Timing Systems: Starter

Starting Unit (FR 4.3)Loud speaker for Starter’s commandsConnects to a loud speaker in each laneEmits tone to start raceSends electronic signal to timing console

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Timing Systems: Block Sensor

Measure swimmer’s reaction timeReaction Time: Time between start signal

or wall touch and when the swimmer leaves the block

Negative time implies early takeover

Manufacturing differences result in varying tolerances for false starts or takeovers

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Omega Block Sensors take their signal from the pressure of the swimmer at the back of the starting platform.

Based on research, it is recommended that a tolerance of –0.03 seconds in favor of the swimmer be allowed before a disqualification is called. For this reason, FINA accepts up to -0.03 as legal in relay takeovers but -0.04 as an early start.


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Seiko block sensors are engineered differently; the pressure is measured on the front of the starting platform rather than on the back.

There is no degree of tolerance with Seiko; -0.01 is considered a disqualification.


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Timing Systems: Touchpads

Touchpads (FR 4.4) Send a signal to the timing console

whenever the swimmer touches the wallConsidered accurate to ±0.3Should extend 30cm above water, 60cm

below waterMust be a maximum of 1cm thick, and be

marked to conform with rest of pool


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Timing Systems: Backup

Pads occasionally do not work (e.g. swimmer does not hit pad hard enough)

Plungers (Common)Timers depress a button when the swim is

completed

Video Backup (Not common)High speed camera records finishMay only be used as a backup


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Timing Systems: ConsoleTiming Console (4.2, 4.6)Summarize data collected from pool

(starts, reaction times, touches, etc.)Operate off a battery in the event of a

power failureProvide printout of all information

Common consoles:Omega OSM-6Omega ARES21 (most SNC / FINA meets)Colorado


Role of CJE

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The Chief Judge of Electronics shall (CSW 2.13.1.2): oversee the operation of any SNC approved Automatic

Officiating Equipment determine if the Automatic Officiating Equipment is in error

and advise the referee of any malfunction or light touch observe the touches of all swimmers and note any cases in

which the Automatic Officiating Equipment fails to properly record the touch

be positioned with the Automatic Officiating Equipment near the finish end with an unobstructed view of the finish of each lane

be fully familiar with the rules of swimming and the operation of the Automatic Officiating Equipment

ensure that the Automatic Officiating Equipment is activated manually to obtain placing when the system has failed to be activated by the starting signal.


Role of Electronics Operator

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An Electronics Operator shall (CSW 2.13.1.3): Operate or assist in the operation of any SNC approved

Automatic Officiating Equipment


Differences in Roles

CJE

Expert in swimming rules and procedures

Works under direction of Referee*

May operate timing equipment

Determine correct time from operators and provide to Recorder/Scorer

Electronics Operator

Expert in operation of timing console

Works under direction of CJE

Not necessarily used in all meets

Provide time from console to CJE

17* May work under “Control Room Supervisor” (SW 2.2)


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CJE: Before the SessionArrive at least one hour before sessionVerify equipment is functioning correctlyPads, plungers, block sensors, scoreboard,

connection with Recorder/Scorer (“Data handling”)

Review meet formatAnticipate “compatibility problems” with

meet format and electronics (e.g. event numbering, race length, etc.)

Briefing with Referee, then Operators


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CJE: Before the SessionInventory spare equipmentExtra pads and plungersExtra paper/ink for results printer

Required SuppliesPencils and sharpenerHeat sheets

Recommended SuppliesRule book for referenceMeet package


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CJE: Briefing with RefereeWhat should happen if there is a failure?Ensure Referee will be recording the order

of finish (a “sweep”)Indication that you are ready for the next race?Problems with meet format?Official split for relays?Procedure (if necessary) for determining if scoreboard is official (especially DQs)


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CJE: Briefing with OperatorsReview meet formatEnsure Operator has equipment setup and testedPass on applicable instructions from RefereeReview procedures for failures Important to determine Operator’s

knowledge of swimming rules and procedures


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CJE: During SessionSupervise operation of timing equipmentHandle early takeover DQsEnsure best possible electronic time and

placing is provided to Recorder/ScorerAdvise Referee of electronic breakdowns,

as requiredResolve protests when requested by

Referee


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Early TakeoverWhen Automatic Officiating Equipment is used in any competition, the … relay take-offs judged by such equipment shall have precedence over the timekeepers. (SW 13.1)Only block sensors may be used to calculate a reaction timeAll lanes must have block sensors; when there is an insufficient number of block sensors, Turn Judges will judge the takeovers


Early Takeover

Recall: Reaction time is the difference between the start signal or wall touch and when the swimmer leaves the blockNegative reaction time: early departurePositive reaction time: acceptable

departureIf the negative reaction time exceeds the threshold, the swim is disqualifiedOmega: 0.03Seiko: 0.00 (no threshold for error)

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Electronic Time and Place

Primary responsibility of CJE is determining the correct electronic time and placeEvery swim receives an electronic time and place A DQ may change a placing, but a time is

always determined (assuming the swimmer started the race)

A DNF will not receive an electronic timeRecord empty lanes as such as they will not receive a time or place

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The CJE is ultimately responsible for determining if a malfunction or Operator error occurredEvery error should be dealt with by the Referee Handling errors is almost always delegated

to the CJE

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Electronic Times and Places

Automatic Timing

Started with Starter’s signal

Terminated by swimmer

Ex: Touchpad (but not video backup)

Automatic timing systems are not “watches” (SW 11.3)

Semi-automatic Timing

Started with Starter’s signal

Terminated by timer

Ex: Plunger (but not a stop watch!)

Semi-automatic timing systems are also “watches” (SW 11.3)

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Any timing device that is terminated by an official shall be considered a watch. (SW 11.3)


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SW 13.1 When Automatic Officiating Equipment (see FR 4) is used in any competition, the placing and times so determined … by such equipment shall have precedence over the timekeepers.

SW 11.1 In the event that a break -down of the Automatic Equipment occurs or that it is clearly indicated that there has been a failure of the Equipment, or that a swimmer has failed to activate the Equipment, the recordings of the timekeepers shall be official.

Use a semi-automatic timing system as a backup in the event of an Automatic Timing System failure




How to determine time and place?Use Automatic Timing System’s time and

place (see SW 13.3.1) If the Automatic Timing System is

determined to be in error for a particular lane, fall back to the Semi-Automatic or Manual Timing System for that lane only (see SW 13.3.2)

If an Automatic Timing System is not being used, use the Semi-Automatic Timing System’s time and place

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How to determine semi-automatic time? Remember: Semi-automatic device is a “watch” If two of the three watches record the same time

and the third disagrees, the two identical times shall be the official time. (SW 11.3.1)

If all three watches disagree, the watch recording the intermediate time shall be the official time. (SW 11.3.2)

With only two (2) out of three (3) watches working the average time shall be the official time. (SW 11.3.3)

If only two watches are being used, the arithmetic average to the slowest hundredth shall be the official time. (CSW 11.3.3.1)

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When Automatic Equipment is used, the results shall be recorded only to 1/100. When timing to 1/1000 is available, the third digit shall not be recorded or used to determine time or placement. In the event of equal times, all swimmers who have recorded the same time at 1/100 of a second shall be accorded the same placing. Times displayed on the electronic scoreboard shall show only to 1/100 of a second. (SW 11.2) 31



Automatic Timing BreakdownsObserve all touches with Operators

Light touchMissed pad

Compare primary and backup timesOther Timing BreakdownsFailure to receive start signalConsole malfunction

It is ultimately the CJE’s responsibility to determine if an error has occurred

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Comparing Primary and Backup TimesGuideline: backup time should be within

±0.3 of primary timeThere is no rule requiring this; this is merely a

guidelineAs a “judge” you must use a consistent

implementation of this

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Timing Console missed startStill possible to obtain an electronic placing

by manually starting the consoleSW 13.2.1 Record all available Automatic

Equipment times and placesMany consoles can “recover” the start

Timing Console malfunctionDetermine cause of problem and whether

data will be lost Inform Referee if there will be a delay to

repair equipment 34



Implications of FailuresReaction time calculation may be wrongElectronic time and place may need

adjustmentReporting FailuresM – Manual termination of automatic

equipmentE – Time was entered by Operator* – Operator moved time from another lapA – Average time was used by Operator

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Electronic Time and PlacePrimary Backup

PL LN Time PL LN AVG Time Time

1 4 1:09.00 1 4 1:09.06 1:09.02 1:09.10

2 6 1:09.63 2 6 1:09.60 1:09.60 1:09.59

3 3 1:09.97 3 3 1:09.91 1:09.94 1:09.87

4 5 1:11.01 4 5 1:11.11 1:11.21 1:11.00

5 2 1:12.24 5 2 1:12.21 1:12.14 1:12.29

6 7 1:15.60 6 7 1:15.60 1:15.50 1:15.70

7 8 1:17.00 7 8 1:17.20 1:17.29 1:17.10

8 1 1:17.10 8 1 1:17.11 1:17.11 1:17.10

Use Automatic Times and Places for all lanes


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1 4 1:09.20M 1 4 1:09.06 1:09.02 1:09.10

2 6 1:09.63 2 6 1:09.60 1:09.60 1:09.59

3 3 1:09.97 3 3 1:09.91 1:09.94 1:09.87

4 5 1:11.01 4 5 1:11.11 1:11.21 1:11.00

5 2 1:12.24 5 2 1:12.21 1:12.14 1:12.29

6 7 1:15.60 6 7 1:15.60 1:15.50 1:15.70

7 8 1:17.00 7 8 1:17.20 1:17.29 1:17.10

8 1 1:17.10 8 1 1:17.11 1:17.11 1:17.10

Change time in lane 4 to 1:09.06; even though the primary time is ‘close’ to the backup time, it was a manual time (“M”) and must not be usedUse Automatic Times and Places for all other lanes


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1 6 1:09.50 1 4 1:09.06 1:09.02 1:09.10

2 4 1:09.94M 2 6 1:09.60 1:09.60 1:09.59

3 3 1:09.97 3 3 1:09.91 1:09.94 1:09.87

4 5 1:11.01 4 5 1:11.11 1:11.21 1:11.00

5 2 1:12.24 5 2 1:12.21 1:12.14 1:12.29

6 7 1:15.60 6 7 1:15.60 1:15.50 1:15.70

7 8 1:17.00 7 8 1:17.20 1:17.29 1:17.10

8 1 1:17.10 8 1 1:17.11 1:17.11 1:17.10

Adjust time and place in lane 4 and place in lane 6Lane 4: 1st 1:09.06; Lane 6: 2nd 1:09.50Use Automatic Times and Places for all other lanes


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1 4 1:09.06E 1 4 1:09.06 1:09.02 1:09.10

2 6 1:09.63 2 6 1:09.60 1:09.60 1:09.59

3 3 1:09.97 3 3 1:09.91 1:09.94 1:09.87

4 5 1:11.01 4 5 1:11.11 1:11.21 1:11.00

5 2 1:12.24 5 2 1:12.21 1:12.14 1:12.29

6 7 1:15.60 6 7 1:15.60 1:15.50 1:15.70

7 8 1:17.00 7 8 1:17.20 1:17.29 1:17.10

8 1 1:17.10 8 1 1:17.11 1:17.11 1:17.10

Operator has used backup time in lane 4; confirm that the change was warranted and then use timeUse Automatic Times and Places for all lanes


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1 6 1:09.63 1 4 1:09.06 1:09.02 1:09.10

2 3 1:09.97 2 6 1:09.60 1:09.60 1:09.59

3 5 1:11.01 3 3 1:09.91 1:09.94 1:09.87

4 2 1:12.24 4 5 1:11.11 1:11.21 1:11.00

5 7 1:15.60 5 2 1:12.21 1:12.14 1:12.29

6 4 1:16.73 6 7 1:15.60 1:15.50 1:15.70

7 8 1:17.00 7 8 1:17.20 1:17.29 1:17.10

8 1 1:17.10 8 1 1:17.11 1:17.11 1:17.10

Large descrepancy between primary and backup in lane 4; check sweep (optional) and use backupUse Automatic Times and Places for all other lanes


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1 4 1:09.00 1 6 1:09.60 1:09.60 1:09.59

2 6 1:09.63 2 3 1:09.91 1:09.94 1:09.87

3 3 1:09.97 3 5 1:11.11 1:11.21 1:11.00

4 5 1:11.01 4 2 1:12.21 1:12.14 1:12.29

5 2 1:12.24 5 4 1:13.10 1:09.02 1:16.18

6 7 1:15.60 6 7 1:15.60 1:15.50 1:15.70

7 8 1:17.00 7 8 1:17.20 1:17.29 1:17.10

8 1 1:17.10 8 1 1:17.11 1:17.11 1:17.10

Large discrepancy between primary and backup in lane 4; confirm second backup time is wrong (perhaps by checking sweep)Use Automatic Times and Places for all lanes


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4 5 1:13.01M 4 5 1:12.14 1:12.14 --:--.--

Sweep: 4 5 Watch: 1:12.17

Record all human times and places. (SW 11.3.3) With only two (2) out of three (3) watches working the

average time shall be the official time. (SW 11.3.3)

Average the watch and plunger; swimmer receives time of 1:12.16

(If only two watches are being used, the arithmetic average to the slowest hundredth shall be the official time. (CSW 11.3.3.1))



Scoreboard (FR 4.6.2, FR 4.7.1)Times for every lane must be displayed on

the boardWhen there are more lanes than lines the results

will need to be “scrolled”This is often not done at lower level meets

Acceptable times and places must be displayed on the board when the board is declared official.

A disqualification changes the placing, thus must be displayed on the board

Due to time constraints, this is usually only done at National (or higher) level finals 43


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Reviewing Times / Takeovers

A coach may request that the Referee review a final time or relay takeoverThe Referee should consult with the CJE to determine if there was an equipment failure or operator mistake: Compare the semi-automatic times with the automatic times If a semi-automatic time was used, ensure it was calculated

correctly Verify semi-automatic times were all valid (remember example

where the two times were several seconds apart) Verify that the reaction time was computed with the correct time

(e.g. if the automatic time was deemed wrong, then the reaction time cannot be computed from this time)

Consult with turn judge (e.g. swimmer missing pad; swimmer did not complete course)


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Location of CJE

Best location is at the side of the pool with a clear view of all lanes and all touchpads, preferably on a raised platform so nothing will interfere with the view of the end of the pool. A secure room away from all disturbances by persons not directly involved in the operation of the electronics is the ideal location.You must be accessible to the Referee and Recorder/Scorer to resolve any timing problems. A telephone or radio system could accomplish this satisfactorily.


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CJE: After the SessionRemain available to the Recorder/Scorer to resolve any problems with timesDebrief Operators to ensure they have no unresolved issues with any timesDebriefing with Referee and Meet Management Ensure they are made aware of equipment that

must be fixed for subsequent sessions Discuss any major problems that were

encountered during the session and how they were resolved

Ensure equipment is properly stored


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Qualities of a Chief Judge Electronics

Thorough knowledge of the rules of swimmingGood eyesightExcellent judgmentPatienceAbility to focusAttentivenessDiplomacyStrong understanding of and belief in computers and electronicsSense of humour (as is true for all swimming officials!)Basic understanding of electronicsFamiliarity with high pressure troubleshooting


Up the “Electronic” Ladder

Level 1 – Chief Judge of Electronics Sign-off on card Overview of the OSM6 timing console Almost done!

Level 2 – Operator (ARES21) Introduction to the ARES21 timing console

Level 3 – Operator (Troubleshooting) Troubleshooting timing hardware (pads, etc.) Troubleshooting on ARES21 48


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1. Some of the responsibilities of the Chief Judge Electronics are to:

a. advise the Referee and/or Chief Finish Judge whenever the equipment malfunctions;

b. notify the Chief Finish Judge whenever backup times should be used in lieu of automatic results;

c. observe the final touches of all swimmers;d. observe all touches to ensure they are properly recorded by the automatic

system;e. physically operate the system computer;f. ensure that the equipment is located so that he can clearly observe all

finishes;g. ensure that the system is stopped manually for a lane if it fails to stop

automatically, and so indicate to the CFJ;h. ensure that the system is activated by the Starter's signal;i. ensure that the system is started manually if it fails to start automatically,

and so indicate to the CFJ;j. ensure that the equipment is in good working order before the meet begins;k. be fully familiar with all rules pertaining to electronics and the operation of

the complete system.


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2. In order to be approved by SNC, an automatic judging and timing system shall:

a. provide times for all swimmers to 100ths of a second; b. provide place results for all swimmers; c. include a hand-held starting device which may be a pistol; d. include a hand-held starting device which has a visual signal

for the timers; e. have an automatic lap-counter for each lane; f. provide a hard-copy of the results of each heat; g. produce a starting signal simultaneously for all lanes; h. have a display board for all swimmers to see their results.


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3. If a touch-pad fails to respond immediately when touched by a

swimmer, the operator shall: a. stop the system for the lane(s) concerned and invalidate the

times and places; b. not interfere with the system but let it function normally; c. manually activate the touch for the lane(s) concerned and

note "light touch" on the print-out; d. ignore the problem and let the Chief Finish Judge resolve it.


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4. If a race has been successfully started but the automatic system has failed to

activate, the operator shall:

a. manually activate the system and inform the Chief Finish Judge/Referee

b. manually activate the system and inform no one;

c. set up the equipment for the next race and wait.


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5. The touch-pads in SNC-approved automatic judging and timing system shall:

a. extend at least 60 cm below the surface of the water; b. extend at least 30 cm above the surface of the water; c. have a maximum thickness of 1.00 cm; d. have a sensitivity which will respond to a relatively light touch

but not react to water turbulence; e. be marked so as to conform with the rest of the pool and have a

minimum border width of 2.5 cm; f. be safe from electrical shock and not have sharp edges.


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6. SNC-approved manual-electronic judging and timing systems shall:

a. provide three separate manually-operated stop buttons (push-buttons) at the finish-end for each lane;

b. provide times to 100th of a second; c. be acceptable as a backup system provided it is independent,

electrically and electronically, from the primary system; d. be activated by the Head Lane Timer in each lane; e. be activated by the Starter for all lanes; f. be used as a primary system if satisfactory backup system is

provided.


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7. When automatic judging and timing systems are in use:

a. the places and times determined by the system shall be official, unless they are invalidated by the Referee or Chief Finish Judge;

b. times shall be recorded to 100ths, even if 1000ths are provided; c. swimmers whose times are tied to 100ths shall be placed

according to the manual backup times; d. there shall also be a full complement of timers or another form

of backup system; e. only one timer per lane is satisfactory as a backup timing

system; f. a malfunction of the system shall require the race to be stopped

and swum again.


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8. It is accepted practice that an identified discrepancy of 0.30 seconds or more between the automatic

and backup (manual) times for a lane shall:

a. be an indication of a possible "light touch" or equipment malfunction;

b. cause the Referee to order a re-swim;

c. cause the Chief Judge Electronics to stop the meet and check the touch-pads;

d. cause the Chief Finish Judge to review both the automatic and backup places and times.


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9. Two or more swimmers with good automatic times that are identical to

100ths of a second shall: a. be placed according to their order of finish as determined by the

automatic system;

b. be declared tied;

c. be placed according to the automatic 1000ths of a second if these are available;

d. be placed according to the manual backup times;


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10. When working with automatic judging and timing systems, it is possible to have:

a. valid automatic times but invalid automatic places; b. valid automatic places but invalid automatic times; c. swimmers tied from different heats; d. swimmers tied from the same heat; e. automatic places and times invalidated by the Referee or Chief

Finish Judge.


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11. Electrical Operators shall:

a. operate or assist in the operation of any SNC approved automatic judging and timing equipment;

b. have authority over Chief Judge Electronics; c. have the automatic timing equipment positioned anywhere with

a view of the finish of the race; d. have the automatic timing equipment positioned near the end of

the pool in line with the finish; e. be any person competent to run the equipment.


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Thank you.

Approved by Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association Board

© Copyright 2008 - 2012 Ontario Swimming Officials’ Association 1 Chief Judge Electronics Clinic...

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