*Copy agenda down on your notebook, (backpacks should be behind you or on the floor).*Copy and answer Warm-Up question. -Be ready to share answers!!

Agenda #3 Period #4

1)Copy agenda

2) Warm-up #2

3)Lecture #3: The U.S. Constitution

4) Deciphering the Constitution activity.

5) Exit slip

The Constitution

Lesson Objective

Students will be able to analyze the preamble, articles 1-7 and amendments 1-27 of the Constitution by answering guiding questions as they work in groups.

1. CA Standard:

2. 12.4 students analyze the unique roles and responsibilities of the three branches of government as established by the U.S. Constitution .

Goal Questions: #3

1. What are the six basic principles of the Constitution?

2. How Can the Constitution be legally changed?( name at least one of the 4 ways)

Sentence starters

1.The six basic principles of the Constitution are….

2. The Constitution can be legally changed by ….

Warm-Up #3 (3 minutes)

Analyze the political cartoon to identify the symbols that are used to describe the relationship between the President and Congress ?

*(make sure you write in complete sentences)

Warm-Up #3

Interpreting tables: look at the table on page 57 tited “Ratification of the Constitution” and aswer the question:

In what states was ratification won by only a narrow margin?

Pair-Share3 min.

Share with neighbor what they wrote about and be ready to

discuss with whole class.

* Remember that participation will be a part of their grade.

The Government That Failed

The Articles of Confederation The first document to govern

the United States. Established a confederation

among 13 states. Congress had few powers; no

president or national court system.

Most government power rested in the states.

The Government That Failed

Economic Turmoil Postwar depression left farmers unable to

pay debts Shays’ Rebellion

Series of attacks on courthouses by a small band of farmers led by Revolutionary War Captain Daniel Shays to block foreclosure proceedings.

Economic elite concerned about Articles’ inability to limit these violations of individual’s property rights

Representation

Economic Issues

States had tariffs on products from other states

Paper money was basically worthless (14 currencies)

Congress couldn’t raise money

The Madisonian Model

To prevent a tyranny of the majority, Madison proposed a government of: Limiting Majority Control Separating Powers Creating Checks and

Balances Establishing a Federal

System

The Madisonian Model

The Constitution and the Electoral Process

The Madisonian Model

The Agenda in Philadelphia

Ratification

Ratifying the Constitution

Federalist Papers A collection of 85 articles

written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name “Publius” to defend the Constitution

Bill of Rights The first 10 amendments to

the U.S. Constitution, drafted in response to some of the Anti-Federalist concerns about the lack of basic liberties

Six Basic Principles of the U.S Constitution

It originally consisted of a Preamble, or introduction, and seven sections called articles.

1. Popular Sovereignty: idea that people are the source of all power held by the government.

2. Limited Government: government only has the power that the people gives it and must obey the Constitution; this principle is also known as Constitutionalism.

*Government officials are subject to the rule of law– they must always obey the law and never above it.

3. Separation of powers: establishes the 3 separate branches that share power.

4. Checks and balances: the constitution uses this system to ensure that none of the three branches can become more powerful.

5. Judicial review: the power of the courts to decide what the Constitution mean.

1. Can also declare government's actions to be unconstitutional

6. Federalism : principle used to divide power between the central government and the states.

Checking for Understanding

What is constitutionalism?

Formal Amendment

Amendments are changes to the Constitution: in two way Formal or informal

Formal Amendments are changes to the Constitution’s written words( 4 Methods)

The process: Amendments are proposed at a national level by congress or at a national convention then ratified at state level by state legislatures.

1. Method 1: Congress proposes – State Legislatures Ratify

2. Method 2: Congress Proposes – State Conventions Ratify

3. Method 3: National Convention Proposes –State Legislatures ratify

4. Method 4: National Convention Proposes – State Conventions ratify

The first ten amendments are the Bill of Rights proposed in 1789 ( approved by the States in 1791) * the other 17 amendments became part of the Constitution one at a time.

Checking for Understanding

Why is it important to allow the Constitution to be formally changed through Amendments?

Constitutional Changes by Other Means Many informal changes have been made since 1787

Unlike formal amendments, these changes have not altered the Constitution’s actual words.

Informal Changes come from 5 sources:

1. Basic Legislation: Congress can either pass a law to fill in details about the specific ways the government operates or to explain certain parts of the Constitution.

2. Executive Action: Presidents may choose to make an executive agreement or pact, with the head of another country instead of a treaty.

3. Court Decisions: The Courts change it by explaining parts of it when ruling on cases.

4. Political Practices: Political parties have decreased the importance of the electoral college, the group that formally selects the nation’s president.

5. Customs: have developed in the American Government that are not mentioned in the Constitution

Decipher the Constitution : Activity

In your group read the Preamble and articles 1-7

Then read the guiding questions/ scenarios

Evaluate each scenario and cite the Article and section that explains it.

Goal Questions: #3

1. What are the six basic principles of the Constitution?

2. How Can the Constitution be legally changed?( name at least one of the 4 ways)

Sentence starters

1.The six basic principles of the Constitution are….

2. The Constitution can be legally changed by ….

Vocabulary Quiz

Write the word and define.

1.Democracy

2. Self-government

3. Dictatorship

4. capitalism

5. constitutionalism

Federalist #10

Written Madison

Factions: people will inevitably will from factions

Because of uneven distribution of property

Control the source or the effects of factions

Liberty is to factions as air if to fire

How to control the effects of faction

Worry about the tyranny of the masses the poor

3 arguments

1. the