Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and attitudes from one person to...
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Transcript of Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and attitudes from one person to...
BASIC SKILLS OF HUMAN
COMMUNICATION
Communication
Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and attitudes from one person to another.
Communication is the process of meaningful interaction among human beings
Communication - Meaning
Communication is a dynamic process…
through this process we convey a thought or feeling to someone else.
how it is received depends on a set of events, stimuli, that person is exposed to.
‘how you say’ ‘what you say’ plays an important role in communication.
Hearing
Seeing
Smell
TouchTaste
Communication is a Series of Experiences of
Basic Communication Skills Profile
________________________________________________Communication Order Learned Extent Used Extent
Trained
____________________________________________
Listening First First Fourth
Speaking Second Second Third
Reading Third Third Second
Writing Fourth Fourth First
TOTAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Reading16%
Writing9%
Speaking30%
Listening45%
Hearing Vs. ListeningHearing – Physical
process, natural, passive
Listening – Physical as well
as mental process, active,
learned process, a skill
Listening is hard.You must choose to participate in the process of listening.
Active Listening
The process of hearing spoken words and noting nonverbal behavior.
Active listening takes energy and concentration.
VALUE OF LISTENING
Listening to others is an elegant art.
Good listening reflects good manners.
Listening carefully to the instructions of superiors improve competence and performance.
The result of poor listening skill could be disastrous in business, employment and social relations.
Good listening skill can improve social relations and conversation.
Myths about Listening
Listening and hearing are the same
Good readers are good listeners Smarter people are better listeners Listening improves with age Listening skills are difficult to learn
Stages of the Listening Process
Hearing Focusing on the message Comprehending and interpreting Analyzing and Evaluating Responding Remembering
Barriers to Active Listening
Environmental barriers Physiological barriers Psychological barriers Selective Listening Negative Listening Attitudes Personal Reactions Poor Motivation
Basic reasons we Do Not Listen Listening is Hard Work Superiority Complex Overconfidence Disinterested Competition The Rush for Action Thinking about what we are going to say rather
than listening to a speaker Talking when we should be listening Hearing what we expect to hear rather than what
is actually said Not paying attention preoccupation, prejudice, self-centeredness
How to Be an Effective Listener
What You Think about Listening ?
Understand the complexities of listening
Prepare to listen Adjust to the situation Focus on ideas or key points
Organize material for learning
How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.)
What You Feel about Listening ?
Want to listen Delay judgment Admit your biases Don’t tune out “dry” subjects Accept responsibility for
understanding Encourage others to talk
How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.)
What You Do about Listening ?
Establish eye contact with the speaker
Take notes effectively Be a physically involved listener Avoid negative mannerisms Exercise your listening muscles Follow the Golden Rule
Improving Listening Skills
By not being Preoccupied Being Open Minded & Non
Defensive Minimizing Interruptions Effective Listening is: Hearing,
interpreting when necessary, understanding the message and relating to it.
By Asking Questions
SENDER
An individual has an idea to communicate
Aspects of communication
SENDER
The idea is encoded
Individuals encode ideas according to their own unique perceptions
Perception Self-concept
Family
Culture
Skills
Feelings
Attitudes
Values
SENDERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
RECEIVERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
The encoded idea is sent in a message
To a receiver who decodes it according to different individual perceptions
MESSAGE
SENDERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
RECEIVERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
The receiver responds with feedback
MESSAGE
FEEDBACK
Feedback helps to ensure that the messagereceived has been decoded correctly
SENDERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
Channel - the means of conveying the message
FEEDBACK
MESSAGE
CONTEXT
CHANNEL
Context - the situation, environment or circumstances of the communication
RECEIVERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
SENDERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
Interference
FEEDBACK
MESSAGE
CONTEXT
CHANNEL
Interference changes or distorts the message
INTERFERENCE
RECEIVERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
CHANNELSENDERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
RECEIVERSelf-conceptFamilyCultureSkillsFeelingsAttitudesValues
The communication processis continuous…
FEEDBACK
MESSAGE
INTERFERENCE
MESSAGEMESSAGE
FEEDBACKFEEDBACK
CONTEXT
The communication process
Aspects of Communication
Sender - the one who conveys the message to another person.
Message - the thought, idea, or emotion conveyed.
Channel - how the message is sent.
Aspects of Communication (Cont.)
Receiver - physiological/ psychological components.
Feedback - the receiver’s response to the sender.
Influences - Culture, education, emotions and other factors involved.
Feedback Skills
Positive vs. Negative Feedback Positive feedback is more readily and
accurately perceived than negative feedback
Positive feedback fits what most people wish to hear and already believe about themselves
Negative feedback is most likely to be accepted when it comes from a credible source if it is objective in form
Subjective impressions carry weight only when they come from a person with high status and credibility
Developing Effective Feedback Skills
Focus on the specific topic Keep feedback impersonal Keep feedback goal oriented Make feedback well timed Ensure understanding Direct feedback toward a subject
that is controllable by the recipient
Barriers in Communication(that have to do with the COMMUNICATOR)
Unwillingness to say things differently Unwillingness to relate to others
differently Unwillingness to learn new approaches Lack of Self-Confidence Lack of Enthusiasm Voice quality Prejudice
Barriers in Communication(that have to do with the COMMUNICATOR)
Disagreement between verbal and non-verbal messages
Negative Self Image Lack of Feedback Lack of Motivation and Training Language and Vocabulary Level Lack of Self Awareness
Barriers in Communication(that have to do with the RECEIVER)
Selective Perception Unwillingness to Change Lack of Interest in the Topic/Subject Prejudice & Belief System Personal Value System Here-and-Now internal & external
factors
External Barriers in Communication
Environment The venueThe effect of noiseTemperature in the roomMood
Other People – Status, Education, competition
Time
Inappropriate medium Assumptions/
Misconception Emotions Language differences Poor listening skills Distractions
External Barriers in Communication
Always think ahead about what you are going to say.Use simple words and phrases that are understood by every body.Increase your knowledge on all subjects you are required to speak.Speak clearly and audibly.Check twice with the listener whether you have been understood accurately or not
ESSENTIALS OF COMMUNICATIONDos
ESSENTIALS OF COMMUNICATIONDos
In case of an interruption, always do a little recap of what has been already said.
Always pay undivided attention to the speaker while listening.
While listening, always make notes of important points.
Always ask for clarification if you have failed to grasp other’s point of view.
Repeat what the speaker has said to check whether you have understood accurately.
Do not instantly react and mutter something in anger.
Do not use technical terms & terminologies not understood by majority of people.
Do not speak too fast or too slow.
Do not speak in inaudible surroundings, as you won’t be heard.
ESSENTIALS OF COMMUNICATION
DON’Ts
Do not assume that every body understands you.
While listening do not glance here and there as it might distract the speaker.
Do not interrupt the speaker.
Do not jump to the conclusion that you have understood every thing.
ESSENTIALS OF COMMUNICATION
DON’Ts
Improve language.Improve pronunciation.Work on voice modulation.Work on body language.Read moreListen moreAvoid reading or watching or listening unwanted literature, gossip, media presentation etc.
How to improve existing level of communication?
How to improve existing level of communication?
Interact with qualitative people. Improve knowledge on topic of discussion, Practice meditation & good thoughts. Think and speak. Do not speak too fast. Use simple vocabulary. Do not speak only to impress someone. Look presentable and confident.
…in the new global and diverse workplace requires
excellent communication skills!
Success for YOU…