-clean energy supply for a sustainable society Lina Vallin David Kvick Jörgen Ejlertsson Anna...
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-clean energy supplyclean energy supplyfor a sustainable societyfor a sustainable society
Lina Vallin David Kvick
Jörgen EjlertssonAnna Karlsson
Production site in Linköping
• Production started in 1997.
• 54 000 tones of organic materials processedannually.
• 50 000 tones of certified biofertilizer soldannually on a regional market.
Total sales of 4,5 million Nm3 biogas (97 % CH4)
The biogas process
Substrates treated at the plant
Product Amount Share of total amount
tons (%)
Slaughtery industry 28 300 75%
Food industry 5 800 15%
Pharmaceutical industry 600 2%
Alcohol 1 200 3%
Manure 2 000 5%
Biofertilizer
Provides routines for the production plant in respect to get a valuable and stable biofertilizer.
Insurance of quality for the farmer.
Confidence in the product for the customers to the farmer e.g. food processing industries.
Biogas in Sweden• EU’s goal for 2020 means every fifth car.
• Great focus on market expansion with a
common goal of 100 filling stations before
2010 (34 st 2003 ~50 st 2004)
• Svensk Biogas filling stations 2005/2006
(13 in total):
• Linköping (4)• Norrköping (1+1)• Katrineholm• Nyköping• Mjölby• Örebro• Västervik (+1)• Motala (+1)
Progress of the productionProgress of the production
Gas production today: 155 Nm3/ton substrate
0
1 000 000
2 000 000
3 000 000
4 000 000
5 000 000
6 000 000
7 000 000T
ota
l b
iog
as
pro
du
cti
on
(N
m3
)
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Process development
• Increased knowledge of the microbiological process in the digester
• Optimization of the process at the current production plant in Linköping
• New concepts for biogas production
Lab scale reactors
Mesophilic digestion, 37 degrees
Volume 3 L
Volumetric gas meters
Analysis of: • substrates• process parameters• biofertilizer
Lab scale experiments
• Addition of iron chloride and hydrochloric acid
• Experimental plan: – Controls (1a & 2a) – Post-digestion of the control reactors (retention time 12.5 days)– Reactors (3 & 4) with adjusting of pH (7.5 respectively 7.8)
• Substrate: from the full scale plant.
Results – gas production
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
-3 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69
Day
Pro
du
cti
on
of
bio
ga
s (
L/(
da
y a
nd
4L
rea
cto
r))
♦ 1a normal ■ 1b post-digestion normal ▲ 2a normal● 2b post-digestion pH 7.5 x 3 pH 7.5 + 4 pH 7.8
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
-6 -2 2 6 10 14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 58 62 66
Day
Ace
tate
(m
g/l
)Results – acid production
♦ 1a normal ■ 1b post-digestion normal ▲ 2a normal● 2b post-digestion pH 7.5 x 3 pH 7.5 + 4 pH 7.8
Amount of organic acids at the Linköping biogas plant
0
2500
5000
7500
10000
12500
15000
17500
20000
22500
25000
27500
30000
3250019
99-0
6-19
1999
-07-
09
1999
-07-
29
1999
-08-
18
1999
-09-
07
1999
-09-
27
1999
-10-
17
1999
-11-
06
1999
-11-
26
1999
-12-
16
2000
-01-
05
2000
-01-
25
2000
-02-
14
2000
-03-
05
2000
-03-
25
2000
-04-
14
2000
-05-
04
2000
-05-
24
2000
-06-
13
2000
-07-
03
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n o
f o
rga
nic
ac
ids
(m
g a
ce
tate
/L)
Rk1(mg/l)
Rk2(mg/l)
Conclusions
• The experiment resulted in an increase of 30 % gas production when pH was adjusted to 7.5 and 7.8.
• The amount of organic acids were decreased by 50 %, which indicates a stabilization of the process.
• The product was implemented at the plant in Linköping with good results.
• The composition of the product and the amount added must be optimized in regard to the substrate fermented.
• The product has been developed in cooperation with Kemira, and will soon be available on the market.
• The product has been patented by Tekniska Verken i Linköping AB (publ.).