© Boardworks Ltd 20091 of 12. © Boardworks Ltd 20092 of 12 There are three major types of...


There are three major types of environment. What are they?

land freshwater marine

How do organisms survive in such different environments?

Different types of environment


What is adaptation?

All organisms are adapted to life in general, such as having legs for walking, wings for flying or leaves for photosynthesizing. These are general adaptations.

Organisms also have specific adaptations. These are special features or behaviors that have evolved to make an organism particularly suited to its environmental niche.


What are a shark’s general adaptations to life in an aquatic environment?

A shark’s general adaptations

streamlined shape to reduce friction when moving through water

gills have a large surface area so that oxygen can be extracted from the surrounding water

fins provide stability, power and control


What are a shark’s specific adaptations to life as an aquatic predator?

A shark’s specific adaptations

highly sensitive sense of smell that can detect drops of blood from miles away

lots of very sharp teeth that are constantly replaced

silver coloring underneath acts as camouflage

specialized sense organs can detect the sound, movement and electrical fields of other organisms


What is an adaptation?

• An adaptation is any structure, process, or behavior that helps an organism survive in its environment.

• In an ever changing environment, adaptations determine which individuals are more likely to survive and reproduce.


This increases the organism’s chance of survival and so increases its chance of reproducing and passing on its genes.

The importance of adaptation

Why is it important that organisms are adapted to their environment?

The better adapted an organism is to its habitat, the more successful it will be when competing for resources such as food and mates.


Why are adaptations Important?

• They help organisms to get food! They help organisms eat.Beak shape in birds depending on what they

eat

Giraffes have a long neck to reach treetops

Some trees have broad, thin leaves to help absorb light energy


Why are adaptations important?

• To help organisms escape from predatorsProtective skin-porcupines have quills, turtles

have shells

Bad smell-skunks

Thorns-roses

Camouflage-tsome frogs, moths, etc. have colors that blend in with their surroundings

• Some predators use camouflage too! It helps them blend in so they can catch prey!



• It helps organisms to attract matesBig, elaborate feathers, like peacocks

Elaborate antlers or horns like Elk

Plants use color and smell to help attract pollinators



• Help organisms deal with weather changesSome animals in Ohio hibernate in the winter

Birds Migrate

Some trees lose their leaves in the winter


3 Types of Adaptations

• Anatomical or Physical

• Behavioral

• Physiological or process


Physical Adaptations

• Adaptations that are related to parts of the body.

• Physical FeaturesTurtle shells

Thorns on Flowers


Behavioral Adaptations

• Things organisms (plants and animals) DO to survive or reproduceMating dances done by some animals


Physiological Adaptations

• An organisms automatic response to a specific change in its habitat or environment in order to maintain homeostasis (balance)Snakes produce venom

Octopus sprays ink when threatened


Common Adaptations

• Camouflage:An adaptation that allows an organism to blend

in with its surrounding


Common Adaptations

• MimicryAn adaptation that happens when 1 organism

looks like another species.• Sometimes a harmless species looks like a

dangerous one• Sometimes 2 dangerous species look alike• Predators can’t tell them apart, so they don’t go

after either one!


True or false?


How is a camel adapted to life in a very hot, dry climate?

How is a camel adapted?

fat is stored in the hump to reduce overheating

little water is lost through sweating or urination

long, thin legs help to increase body surface area and increase heat loss

wide feet spread out body weight on shifting sand


What other adaptations have camels evolved to cope with the harsh desert environment?

More camel adaptations

nostrils can be closed for protection during sandstorms

very varied diet, ranging from grass and bark to thorns and bones.

long eyelashes and furry ears prevent sand and dust from getting in


Which adaptation?


Long Beak


Poisonous Skin


Big Teeth


Camouflage


Sweater-warm clothes


venom


Penguins huddling together to stay warm

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