ПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ И АГРОХИМИЯ -...
401
ISSN 0130-8475 Институт почвоведения и агрохимии ПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ И АГРОХИМИЯ НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ Основан в 1961 г. № 1(52) январь–июнь 2014 г. Минск 2014
Transcript of ПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ И АГРОХИМИЯ -...
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ISSN 0130-8475
1961 .
1(52) 2014 .
2014
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631.4+631.8(476) 40.4+40.3()
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721 6 2009 .
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1(52)
2014 .
1961 . , 2004 .
: 220108, . , . , 62. (017) 212-08-21, (017) 212-04-02
E-mail [email protected]
, 2014
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.., .., .., .., .. , 137Cs 90Sr ................ 333
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.., .., .. in vitro ........................................................................................ 370
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.............................................................................................................. 387
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CONTENTS
1. SOIL RESOURCES AND THEIR RATIONAL USE
Chernysh A.F., Kachkov Yu.P., Bachila S.S. Land types as a necessary element of substantiation and implementation of territorial organization of agrolandscapes of Belarus ...................................................................................... 9
Tsytron G.S., Kalyuk V.A., Shulgina S.V. Diagnostic features of drained peat human-transformed soils and agrosoddy reduced-gleied soils of Belarus ................ 24
Chernysh A.F., Sergeenko V.T., Tsyribko V.B. Comparative assessment of agrophysical, micromorphological properties and mineralogical structure, reflecting the degree of resistance to erosion degradation of sod-podzolic soils on loesslike and moraine loams ........................................................................................................... 32
Tsyribko V.B., Ustinova A.M. Data bank of agrophysical soil properties of Belarus: the creation and structure .......................................................................................... 40
Vorotyntseva L.I. Using of integrated methods for management of water and land resourses in Ukraine.................................................................................................. 48
Alekseev V.E., Cherbari V.V., Burghelya A.N., Varlamov E.B. Brown forest soils of Moldovas Codry: features of mineralogical composition and its transformation............................................................................................................ 65
Alekseev V.E., Cherbari V.V., Burghelya A.N., Varlamov E.B. Brown forest soils of Moldovas Codry: balance of minerals ................................................................... 78
Alekseev V.E., Cherbari V.V., Burghelya A.N., Varlamov E.B. Brown forest soils of Moldovas Codry: natural reserves of potassium ................................................... 87
Syabruk O.P., Miroshnychenko N.N., Dotsenko A.V. Influence of fertilization systems on CO2 emissions from chernozem typical .................................................. 94
Shilova N.A. Dynamics of allocation 2 in crops of field cultures on sod-podzolic and peat soils ................................................................................................................. 104
Chornyy S.G., Voloschenyuk A.V. Humus balance by basic crop production technologies in the wind erosion dangerous area (for example the southern Steppe of Ukraine) ............................................................................................................... 113
Cheryachukin N.I., Mashchenko Yu.V. Effectiveness of prime tillage on chernozem ordinary in the northern Steppe of Ukraine.............................................................. 123
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2. SOIL FERTILITY AND FERTILIZATION
Lapa V.V., Ivakhnenko N.N., Gracheva .. Duration aftereffect of residual quantities of phosphoric and potash fertilizers ........................................................ 136
Demidenko A.V., Krivda Yu.I., Velychko V.A. The structure of crop rotation, tillage, fertilizer and fertility of chernozems of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine ............................ 149
Bogdevitch I.M., Lomonos O.L., Tavrykina O.M. Dynamics of acidity, calcium and magnesium supply in the arable and grassland soils of elarus in the course of liming ................................................................................................................... 159
Lapa V.V., Ulyanchik V.I., Seraya T.M., Gancharevich T.V., Kobrinets S.N. Influence of ways of placement of organic matter on productivity of crop rotation on sod-podzolic sandy soil ...................................................................................... 172
Titova V.I., Zabegalov N.V. Comparative study of zeolite and mineral fertilizers influence on productivity of grain and agrochemical characteristics of light gray forest loam soil .................................................................................................................. 190
Abramovich O.V. Effect of fermented organic fertilizer on the balance of nutrients on sod-podzolic sandy soil.................................................................... 199
Burykina S.I., Smetanko A.V., Pilipenko V.N. Yield and quality of winter wheat in the Steppe zone of Ukraine ................................................................................. 210
Gospodarenko G.N., Tkachenko I.Yu. Formation of spelled wheat products by application of fertilizers on chernozem ............................................................... 226
Tsybulk N.N., Zaitsev A.A., Semenenko N.N. Influence of doses of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on 137Cs in grain and products spring wheat in anthropogenno-transformed peat soil ............................................................................................... 236
Shchetko A.I., Rybak A.R. Influence of fertilizer use on productivity and removal of nutrients by barley cultivated on sod-podzolic loamy sand soil ......................... 250
Seraya T.M., Bogatyreva E.N., Mezentseva E.G., Kirdun T.M., Biryukova O.M., Belyavskaya Yu.A. Agroeconomic efficiency of corn cultivation on barley straw on the sod-podzolic sandy soil ................................................................................ 257
Tavrykina O.M., Bogdevich I.M., Putyatin Yu.V., Dovnar V.A., Tretyakov E.S. Optimum levels of exchangeable magnesium in the podzoluvisol loam soil and efficiency of the sulfur-containing fertilizers for corn production .............................. 268
Filimonchuk Ya.S. Effect of agrochemical background of chernozem typical on mineral nutrition of maize ................................................................................... 279
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Vildflush I.R., Masterova E.M. Influence microfertilizers on productivity and economic efficiency cultivation winter triticale and corn on sod-podzolic light loamy soil ........................................................................................................................... 284
Safronovskaya G.M., Pirogovskaya G.V. Yield and quality millet on sour destroyed peat soil in depending on doses and forms of calcareous meliorates ..................... 292 Soroko V.I., Pirogovskaya G.V., Khmelevskij S.S., Isaeva O.I. Influence of omposite fertilizers on yield and qualyty of green masse and grain of blue lupine on podzoluvisol sandy loam and luvisol loamy sand soils................................................................. 309
Anisimova T.Yu. Features of straw use and blue lupine in the field crop rotation on sod-podzolic sandy soil ......................................................................... 326
Mikhailovskaya N.A., Barashenko .B., Dyusova S.V., Pikun P.T., Zhila G.V. Effect of biofertilizer Azobacterin on yield, quality and accumulation of 137Cs 90Sr radionuclides in perennial grasses .......................................................................... 333
Pirogovskaya G.V., Myslivets D.G., Pochitskaya I.M. Influence of complex fertilizers with microelements and irrigation on biochemical character of quality of carrot early and late harvesting time .......................................................................................... 347
Lapa V.V., Nichiporuk A.G. Influence of terms of not root additional fertilizing on common valerian productivity on sod-podzolic sandy soils ................................ 363
Kastrytskaya M.S., Kukharchyk N.V., Hashenko O.A. Acclimatization of hop cultivars after in vitro propagation............................................................................ 370
Stashkevich A.V., Soroka S.V. Nutrition elements removal by weed plants in maize crops cultivated for grain ......................................................................................... 379
Summaries ............................................................................................................. 387
Rules for authors ................................................................................................... 400
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LAND TYPES AS A NECESSARY ELEMENT OF SUBSTANTIATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF TERRITORIAL ORGANIZATION
OF AGROLANDSCAPES OF BELARUS
A.F. Chernysh, Yu.P. Kachkov, S.S. Bachila
SummaryThe article deals with the questions of validation and creation of separately
processed working areas of the agricultural landscapes. The existing methodological basis of the ecological and agricultural technological criteria of dispensing of the working areas is analyzed. An alternative system of the typization of lands, with isolation of the land types with relatively uniform natural and technological conditions for agricultural production, which commensurate with the units of the agricultural usage as a basis for creation of the working areas.
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DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES OF DRAINED PEAT HUMAN-TRANSFORMED SOILS AND AGROSODDY
REDUCED-GLEIED SOILS OF BELARUS
G.S. Tsytron, V.A. Kalyuk, S.V. Shulgina
Summary In the article was shown diagnostic features of field identification of agrosoddy
reduced-gleied (drainic soddy boggy) soils and drained peat human-transformed (degrapeat) soils, which are similar on mor-phology.
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4. , .. - , / .. , .. // . 1973. 10. . 1524.
5. Kubiena, W.L. Micromorphological features of soil geography / W.L. Kubiena. Univ. Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1970.
6. , .. : . . . .-. : 06.01.03 / .. . , 1984. 19 .
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COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF AGROPHYSICAL, MICROMORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND MINERALOGICAL
STRUCTURE, REFLECTING THE DEGREE OF RESISTANCE TO EROSION DEGRADATION OF SOD-PODZOLIC SOILS
ON LOESSLIKE AND MORAINE LOAMS
A.F. Chernysh, V.T. Sergeenko, V.B. Tsyribko
SummaryThe dependence of resistance to erosion degradation of sod-podzolic soils
formed on the loesslike and moraine loams on the structure of rheir agrophysical, micromophological proroperties is analyzed in the paper.
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-
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.. ( 0,25 );
(.), - 0,25 ;
(.) - (0,2510 ) >10
-
1(52) 2014
46
(. 3).
-
( -
-)
()
. 3.
, - / (. 4).
. 4.
-
1.
47
. , , -. , - .
1. - : , , .
2. - , , - , .
1. , .. - : . / .. . : , 2011. 52 .
2. , .. / .. // http://alpha.netis.ru/win/db/toc.html.
3. / .. [ .] // . 2013. 4. . 111.
4. . .: , 1966. . 72122.
5. - , - - : . . .: . .. . 2010. 176 .
6. , .. - / .. // . 2011. 1. . 3841.
DATA BANK OF AGROPHYSICAL SOIL PROPERTIES OF BELARUS: THE CREATION AND STRUCTURE
V.B. Tsyribko, A.M. Ustinova
Summary The stages of the design and structure of the created database of agrophysi-
cal properties most common soils in Belarus are presented at the article. Genetic affiliation soils, lithology of soil formed and parent bedrock, the type of land use on studied soil species, their agro-environmental and reclamation state, data of
-
1(52) 2014
48
agrophysical properties of soils and structural-aggregate composition are presented at the proposed structure of the data bank.
15.05.14
631.674
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. ,
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-, , - , - [3].
1992 . . , , 21 - -- (1992 .). - (2002 .) , - - . , - -.
, - . - , - - .
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1(52) 2014
50
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9 , - 22071,2 . 1.
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.. - ( 4289, SO 1069), - ( 4289, SO 1069), - 4289, SO 1069), -), -, -, [ 41142002], .
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22071,20
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1(52) 2014
52
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( - , , ), ;
, ;
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- () - - , - - .
, . , . 258 , 6680 ( 90 4890 2).
( -). 9 , 128 4,57 3 , 166 , 13,75 3 12,79 3. - 227 2. 10 3 . , 15 57 18320000 3.
-
1.
53
, = 75% 4,39 3/. 4,57 3/, 0,18 3/ = 75%, - . , - , , -, , , .
- (. 2), - [5] II -5] II -] II - . - -. , -, I . 0,6 /3, -. - (. 3) , , (. 4) - [6].
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8858 - - , . - 12359 , , , , . , , - , - , , - , , .
-
1(52) 2014
54
2
/
,
/
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/
3
[
5]
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Cl
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a2+
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+N
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+
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25 NNO4 NNH4
. (. ) 0,075 0,96 0,15
. (. ) 0,15 1,92 0,32
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, - , - -- -, , .
2,2...5,3%, , - 4362:2004 - 4362:2004 - - (5,15,3%). .
, - , - , - . : - , .
. , , 200 / , , , - .
80...370 / , 4362:2004 [7] - 4362:2004 [7] - [7] -7] -] - , . .
22,3 71,3 . ( 60%) 4160 . , -, .
-
1(52) 2014
56
, - - , ( 46 ), - , , - , -.
, - , , ( - ) 0,2 , . . - . 105 ( ) , - .
, - . - , . , - , , -, , - , , , .
, - . ( ) -, . - - .
- :
, - ( 50100 , - 1050 , - 1020 );
-
1.
57
- . 50100 - - 12 - . 2 25% - , 2550% 2530% .
: 12 + ; 3. + ; 4. , , ; 5. -; 6. ; 7. + ; 8. ; 9. - + .
- , - -. 2 2- - .
: 12 + ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. -; 6. ; 7. ; 8. 12 + ; 3. ; 4. ; 5. ; 6. ; 7. .
- (, , ) - , - (. 1). , , , , - . - , , -, . - -.
- - () . 239,6 (. 2). 2100 , 520 . - , .
-
1(52) 2014
58
. 1.
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:
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;
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;
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-
1(52) 2014
60
. 2. .
: -, , , , . - - , , , .
- - () - - . 3 89 , , -, , , . , , .
-
1.
61
5
, %
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1
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260
119
2
4,
26,
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812
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275
120
6
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, %
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/
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1)
025
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130,
200,
660,
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3)
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255
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40,
650,
130,
190,
510,
420,
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75
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751
000,
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50
-
1(52) 2014
62
( 12 ) - , (48 ) - , (28 ) (20 ). - 29 , -, - .
- 5. . , [6]. - , - , -. , - (. 6). 0,3% 16,5%. (. 7).
7
-,
, /100
-
Na+, % -
2+ Mg2+ Na+ K+
( 1)
025 23,5 17,5 0,21 0,47 41,7 1,6
2550 24,0 16,0 0,23 0,31 40,7 1,3
- ( 2)
025 40,0 13,0 0,22 0,75 54,0 1,8
2550 42,5 12,5 0,26 0,49 55,7 1,4
( 3)
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, - ( , , ), , , .
:
-
1.
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1 12 2 20
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5. ,
6.
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1. -, , , - - - .
-
1(52) 2014
64
2. - , - , . , 2 ( ), 1 (). - 4160.
3. (-, , , - ) ( , , , ) - - - . -.
4. - ( ) . - , - - .
1. - / C.. [ .]; . . .. , .. , .. . .: , 2009. 273 .
2. Peter S. Lee Some challenges for ICID in the European region / Peter S. Lee // Progress in managing water for food and rural development: materials of 23rd European regional onference, Lviv, May 1724 2009. Lviv, 2009. P. 5.
3. Global Water Partnership // Water management and Ecosystems: living with change / Technical Committee / Paper no 9. Stockholm Sweden, 2003. 74 .
4. , .. -. -. - - - - - - - / .. , .. // . 2005. 1. . 510.
5. . : 273094. .: , 1995. 14 .
6. . : 335.50297. , 1998. 15 .
7. . : 4362:2004. [ 20060101]. .: , 2006. 19 .
-
1.
65
USING OF INTEGRATED METHODS FOR MANAGEMENT OF WATER AND LAND RESOURSES IN UKRAINE
L.I. Vorotyntseva
SummaryFor security of sustainable development of agriculture, agromeliorative complexes,
rational and balance use of water and land recourses need to develop the cross-sectoral policies with methods and principles of integrated management. On the example of the pilot area (Shahtersky district of Donetsk region) with interested party the alternative spatial plans for integrated management of land and water resources are developed. They are directed at restoration of agromeliorative complexes, development of drip irrigation, improvement of soil fertility, improved of land use, creation of water and land users associations.
21.04.14
631.4:549.905.8
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1(52) 2014
66
, 20 . . - 300 . - . -, - (-, ) [5], [8, 10]. - - , , - , - .
, - : (1) ; (2) ( -) , .. , [5, 6, 8]; (3) - [6]. - , , , .
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24 612 /100 , , - [7]. .
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-
1(52) 2014
68
. 4 3 - .
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1(52) 2014
70
1
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1(52) 2014
72
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1(52) 2014
74
- 13 , . - AEh. - - AEh, 2. 13 - 7 9, , , . .
4, , - . , , AEh. , 7 9, , .. -, , .
, . 3>1 4
-
1.
75
Behwt . -t . - . - . , Aeh 7 8 , . , , - .
, 3 , - 370 , .. . - -, . . .
, - - , - [5, 6]. - - . , 3 , - (), (). - . . , , , .
4 - - . , 14 - . , - , - . . ( / ) (5,763,10), - (8,763,76), - . - . , ( ), (2,66), (5,00). -
-
1(52) 2014
76
- . (5,152,68) - (2,191,38) - , (2,24) (0,82) . - , Ah Bhwt -wt - - . - - , - .
, - : (1) -, , ; (2) ; (3) - ; (4) Ah Bhwt, , , -.
1. , 370 , , - , - . , . - - , , , .
2. 14, , . - .
3. , , - , - , .
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1.
77
4. , - - , , - Ah Bhwt, , , .
5. [5], - - . , , -, . - .
1. , .. / .. // . 2012. 2. . 189199.
2. , .. - / .. // . 1994. 1. . 104109.
3. , .. - / .. , .. , .H. // . 1996. 7. . 873878.
4. / .. [ .] // . : , 1977. . 2341.
5. , .. / .. . : , 1977. 136 .
6. , .. / .. // . 1975. 8. C. 1519.
7. , .. - / .. . .: , 2010. 248 .
8. , .. - / .. , .. . : , 1987. 158 .
9. / . .. , .. . .: , 1988. . 2. 373 .
10. . , , . : , 1984. . 1. 352 .
11. / . . . .: , 1965. 599 .
12. / . .. [ .]. .: H, 1983. 359 .
-
1(52) 2014
78
BROWN FOREST SOILS OF MOLDOVAS CODRY: FEATURES OF MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION AND
ITS TRANSFORMATION
V.E. Alekseev, V.V. Cherbari, A.N. Burghelya, E.B. Varlamov
SummaryThe composition of primary and clay minerals of brown forest soils of Moldo-
vas Codry was studied in comparison with xerophytic forest chernozems of the same ecosystem. Based on indicators of weathering it was found that transformation of silicate base in brown forest soils proceeded more intensively than in the xerophytic forest chernozems. It developed as podzolization involving gleying and was not ac-companied by clayization of horizons B in a result of in situ clayization or lessivage process.
08.05.14
631.4:549.905.8
:
.. , .. , .. , .. , . .. ,
. ,
- , - . , , - , , , , - . , , , , , , . . - - .
-
1.
79
3 . ( 7 , . . 376 ), ( 8, . . 371 ) ( 9, . . 377 ) . - .
. - >1,
-
1(52) 2014
80
(. 3). 316 /100 . 9 . -, - , , , 4050 , - BCwgk . , . - 310 /100 (. 4). - , ( 37 /100 ), 1,4 /100 . - - . - . , . , - >1 . - 7 8 0,610 /100 . - AEh Behwt. 9 21 /100 . - - 26 /100 , , . 7 8 720, 9 30 /100 -. - 312 /100 , .. .
, - , - , -. , , , . - . - [5], . - , , -, .
-
1.
81
1
-
-
,
%
,
/10
0
,
/
100
K
>1
K
K
7
.
,
,
.
. 3
76
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010
56,9
6,7
7,1
4,1
1,1
1,3
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53,0
6,3
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3,8
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71,9
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0,2
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3,8
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0,7
6,2
AE
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57,7
6,4
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1,6
79,6
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0,9
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73,2
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0,6
1,4
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0,4
4,9
Beh
w21
35
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5,2
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1,2
81,0
53,0
6,1
6,7
4,7
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72,7
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2,9
0,1
0,8
5,4
Bhw
355
058
,06,
66,
85,
71,
31,
379
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06,
25,
21,
21,
272
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00
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10
,75
,3
BC
w75
101
53,0
6,5
7,9
7,6
1,1
1,9
78,1
53,0
6,5
7,9
7,6
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78,1
0,0
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0,0
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8
.
,
,
.
.
371
Ae
09
55,6
7,6
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80,7
46,1
6,3
5,8
6,3
1,2
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h9
2158
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47,
61,
31,
683
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75,
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366
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01
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Beh
w21
31
54,8
6,7
7,1
8,2
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46,1
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6,0
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1,6
67,3
0,0
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0,6
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355
253
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77,
09,
21,
71,
879
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86,
18,
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51,
669
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01
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BC
w76
108
46,1
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75,6
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.
-
,
,
.
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0
655
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g31
48
44,9
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wg
608
039
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99,
71,
61,
863
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254
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35,
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62,
157
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01
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Bhk
270
85
38,2
10,1
6,2
7,6
2,3
3,0
67,4
34,4
9,1
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6,9
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60,7
0,0
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0,6
0,3
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BC
k197
110
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10,5
6,4
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160
180
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6,3
8,2
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. 1
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10
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180
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2,9
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85
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335
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180
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-
1.
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3
-
-
,
%
,
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0
,
/
100
-
1(52) 2014
84
4
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-
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100
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5
(), () () -
(/100 )
-
Ae, Ah1 7,9 9,8 17,7 7,2 4,6 11,8AEh, Ah 7,8 11,8 19,6 6,5 2,2 8,7Behw, 1 6,8 11,0 17,8 2,6 2,2 4,8Bhw, 2 6,4 6,0 12,4 2,2 4,0 6,2BCwg, 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
5 . 3 3 - - , (68 /100 ) (27 /100 ), 23 (612 /100 25 /100 ) (1220 - 512 /100 ). , - , . AEh Behw, , - , . - (1, 2), , , .
1. , - , - 68 /100 . - ( 23 ) - - 612 /100 . - 1220 /100 , AEh Behw, - .
2. - , - , .. . - -
-
1(52) 2014
86
, .. , - .
3. - [5], . , , -, -.
1. , .. / .. // . 2012 2. . 189199.
2. , .. - / .. // . 1994. 1. . 104109.
3. , .. - / .. , .. , .H. // . 1996. 7. . 873878.
4. / .. [ .] // . : , 1977. . 2341.
5. , .. - / .. , .. . : , 1987. 158 .
6. / . . . .: , 1965. 599 .
7. / .: .. [ .]. .: H, 1983. 359 .
BROWN FOREST SOILS OF MOLDOVAS CODRY: BALANCE OF MINERALS
V.E. Alekseev, V.V. Cherbari, A.N. Burghelya, E.B. Varlamov
SummaryComparative balance of minerals in brown forest soils of Moldovas Codri and
xerophytic forest chernozems showed similar in size losses in both soil types of primary minerals and 23-fold increase in the loss of clay minerals in the former. Total losses of silicates in the brown forest soils by the profile are 1220 kg/100 kg of breed. Weathering of minerals in these soils is influenced by acid decomposition and pro-ceeds as podzolization without signs of lessivage and subsurface clayization of horizons B.
08.05.14
-
1.
87
631.4:549.905.8
:
.. , .. , .. , .. , . .. ,
. ,
() . - , , , -, [27].
- , , - [7, 8]. . , , - [2, 20]. - . , , - . , , - . - , 140240 .
3 . - . . >1,
-
1(52) 2014
88
() 1225; () 1525. - .
[6], - , . - ( ). , , , . , (, - - ). 0,001 . - (, ) (, ). , - . , . -, . - . , - -. - . 1.
[1314, 17 .] , 2:1 , - , , -. . , K , 1 - 1,4 (19, 21, 25 .). , - 1,4 1 (18, 23 .). , - - (26, 28), - - K (22, 24). - [11, 12].
- , - ( , ) - , - ( - - -, ). - ( ). 1 - 7, . - 2. - . - , 2.
-
1.
89
1 ( 7, . AEh,
010 ) ( )
-
H2O SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO K2O Na2O /
010
56,9 56,9 (15% An) 4,3 1,5 0,2 0,6 6,7
4,6 1,3 0,926 0,2 7,1
0,2 1,8 1,6 0,456 4,1 (. >1 ) 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,3 0,2 1,1
(. >1 ) 0,3 0,5 0,5 1,3
- 1,6 6,2 2,2 1,4 0,2 0,2 0,082 11,9
0,6 3,6 1,9 0,4 0,2 0,434 7,1
(.
-
1(52) 2014
90
(, -, ), 360600 /100 , 1525% - 6001200 /100 , 2550% - . , , . 7 8, , - , - , , , - [16]. 9 . - , , . AEh Behw, - -. , , . , , - , , - .
2 (2)
(/100 )
-
,
7. , , . . 376 Ae 010 22 516 1382 1920AEh 1021 10 424 1581 2015Behw 2135 8 392 1558 1958Bhwt 3550 9 468 1524 2001BCw 75101 .. 415 1882 2297
8. , , . . 371 Ae 09 29 499 1763 2291AEh 921 10 376 1811 2197Behw 2131 9 440 1834 2283Bhw 3552 9 430 1940 2379BCw 76108 .. 469 2202 2671
9. -, , . . 377 AE 06 30 407 1539 1976AEh 620 10 389 1573 1972Behw 2031 7 363 1704 2074Bhwg 3148 13 574 1688 2275BCwg 6080 .. 626 1847 2473
. .. .
-
1.
91
3 (2) -
(/100 )
-
,
-
-
1. , , . . 227 A 010 33 916 1460 2409A 2547 16 822 1490 2328Bk 7085 .. 702 1653 2355BC 97110 .. 635 1657 2292Ck 160180 .. 685 1733 2418
2. -, , . . 165 A 010 46 1095 1311 2452Ah 2546 18 1024 1364 2406B1 6485 .. 884 1590 2474B2 100115 .. 944 1521 2465C 160180 .. 825 1389 2214
3. , , . . 222 A 010 74 1233 1123 2430A 2550 19 1154 1189 2362B1 6585 .. 1062 1404 2466B2 100113 .. 877 1512 2389C 160180 .. 716 1693 2409
. .. .
- . , , , , .. , -. - , 13001800 /100 34 . - 2-. , , .
, , - - () . , - , . , , , .
-
1(52) 2014
92
- , -, .
(19172671 /100), , - . - , - , - , . - , - , - .
1. , .. - / .. // . 2012. 2. . 189199.
2. , .. : , , , / .. . , 1999. 241 .
3. , .. - / .. // . 1994. 1. . 104109.
4. , .. - / .. , .. , .H. // . 1996. 7. . 873878.
5. / .. [ .] // . : , 1977. . 2341.
6. , .. / .. . .: , 1978. 294 .
7. , .. , , / .. , .. . .: - , 1998. 113 .
8. / . .. . .: - , 2001. 689 .
9. / . . . .: , 1965. 599 .
10. / .: .. [ .]. .: H, 1983. 359 .
11. Assessing potassium reserves in northern temperate grassland soils: A perspective based on quantitative mineralogical analysis and aqua-regia extractable potassium / Y. Andrist-Rangel [et al.] // Geoderma. 2010. Vol. 58. P. 303314.
-
1.
93
12. Andrist-Rangel, Y. Mineralogical budgeting of potassiumin soil: a basis for understanding standardmeasures of reserve potassium / Y. Andrist-Rangel // Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 2006. Vol. 169. P. 605615.
13. Arkcoll, D.B. Traces of 2:1 layer silicate clays in oxisols from Brazil and their significance for potassium nutrition / D.B. Arkcoll, K.B.T. Goulding, J.C. Hughes. Traces Journal of Soil Science. 1985. Vol. 36. P. 123128.
14. Arnold, P.W. Nature and mode of weathering of soilpotassium reserves / P.W. Arnold // J. Sci. Food Agric. 1960. Vol. 11. P. 285292.
15. Which 2:1 clay minerals are involved in the potassium reservoirs? Insights from potassium addition or removal experiments on three temperate grassland clay assemblages / P. Barre [et al.] // Geoderma. 2008. Vol. 146. P. 216223.
16. Barre, P. Dynamic role of illite-like clay minerals in temperate soils: facts and hypothesis / P. Barre // Biogeochemistry. 2007. Vol. 82. P. 7788.
17. Hinsinger, P. Encyclopedia of Soil Science / P. Hinsinger. New York, 2002.18. Hinsinger, P. Root-induced release of interlayer K and vermiculitization of
phlogopite as related to K depletion in the rhizosphere of ryegrass / P. Hinsinger, B. Jaillard // Journal of Soil Science. 1993. Vol. 44. P. 525534.
19. Hinsinger, P. Rapid weathering of a trioctahedral mica by the roots of ryegrass / P. Hinsinger, B. Jaillard, E.D. Dufey // Soil Science Society of American Journal. 1992. Vol. 56. P. 977982.
20. Application of the PROFILE model to estimate potassium release from mineral weathering in Northern European agricultural soils / J. Holmqvist [et al.] // European Journal of Agronomy. 2003. Vol. 20. P. 149163.
21. Mojallali, M. Weathering of micas by mycorrhizal soybean plants / M. Mojallali, S.B. Weed // Soil Science Society of American Journal. 1978. Vol. 42. P. 367372.
22. Soil mineralogy evolution in the INRA 42 plots experiment (Versailles, France) / A. Pernes-Debuyser [et al.] // Clays and Clay Minerals. 2003. Vol. 51. P. 577584.
23. Transformation of vermiculite to pedogenic mica by fixation of potas-sium and ammonium in a 6-year field manure application experiment / G.J. Ross, P.A. Phillips, J.L.R. Culley // Transformation Canadian Journal of Soil Scienc. 1985. Vol. 65. P. 599603.
24. Potassium release and fixation as a function of fertilizer application rate and soil parent material / M. Simonsson [et al.] / Geoderma. 2007. Vol. 140. P. 188198.
25. The mineralogy and potassium supplying power of some loessial and related soils of New Zealand / A. Surapaneni [et al.] // Geoderma. 2002. Vol. 110. P. 191204.
26. Effect of potassium removal by crops on transformation of illitic clay minerals / H. Tributh [et al.] // Soil Science. 1987. Vol. 143. P. 404409.
27. Patterns in K dynamics in forest ecosystems / C.E. Tripler [et al.] // Ecology Letters. 2006. Vol. 9. P. 451466.
28. Velde, B. Clay mineral changes in the Morrow Experimental Plots, Univer-sity of Illinois / B. Velde, T. Peck // Clays and Clay Minerals. 2002. Vol. 50. P. 364370.
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BROWN FOREST SOILS OF MOLDOVAS CODRY: NATURAL RESERVES OF POTASSIUM
V.E. Alekseev, V.V. Cherbari, A.N. Burghelya, E.B. Varlamov
SummaryBrown forest soils of watersheds of Moldovas Codry are characterized by high
total reserve of natu-ral K (19172671 mg/100 g ) which is less, but comparable with the total reserve of K in the xerophytic forest chernozems. A feature of structure of the reserves of K in these soils is that immediate and near reserves in them are significantly smaller by size than in the xerophytic forest chernozems. They have relative-ly high proportion of potential reserve represented by coarse mica and potas-sium feldspars, and have higher degree of differentiation in the distribution of re-serves by the profile as a consequence of lighter texture and their other genetic characteristics.
08.05.14
631.433.5
2
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- , , - . , - , - 2 [24]. , - - , . , , -, . -, - , , .
- - . - - 2 .
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1991 . , - 2 . 2011 . N1020P940K810 200 / . - : , , , -, , , , , , , . 30 /, 40 /, 30 /.
-
1(52) 2014
96
2 : 1) ( ); 2) N1020P940K810; 3) 200 /; 4) 200 / + N1020P940K810.
2 : 2 [5]; [6]; - [78]. 4289 4732 [910]. - [11].
(. 1).
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t, 0C ,
2011 . 2012 . 2011 . 2012 .
9,0 13,9 27,4 8,1
17,6 19,6 53,0 42,0
20,8 20,9 80,4 66,0
23,9 23,8 55,4 39,1
20,8 21,7 27,4 98,2
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-, . 2, , - ( , -, ), . , 2 . , - 2011 . (31.05; 30.06; 25.07; 16.08; 28.09) 2012 . (30.04; 13.05; 14.06; 25.07; 19.08; 23.09), , 2 15%, - , (. 1). , - 2 .
-
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, - 2 , - , . - , . -, 2 - . , , -, . 2 - -. , .
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-
1(52) 2014
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2011 .
8:249:36
10:4812:00
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110
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2012 .
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30.04 13.05 14.06 25.07 17.08 21.090,34
0,36
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, -
. 2. 2012 .
-
1.
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2
, %
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( ) 0,07 2,56 0,71 0,30
0,11 2,68 0,78 0,30
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- 0,17 2,88 0,88 0,33
05 0,02 0,73 0,05 0,04
3 2
, /
25.05.2012 17.08.2012 21.09.2012
( ) 0,24 0,45 0,21
0,19 0,48 0,21
0,20 0,49 0,22
- 0,28 0,51 0,23
, % 4,0 2,2 5,2
05 0,03 0,02 0,04
, - 2 , - ( ). . - 2 , - 2012 . ,
-
1(52) 2014
100
2 - , .
, - . , , - , . , , . - , - [13].
- . . . [7] : 2 PFc. 2 - , PFc , .
(. 4), - , . , . - . , - , - .
4 (2)
(PFc) ( 2012 .)
2 PFc 2 PFc 2 PFc
( ) 0,91 12,3 0,75 11,5 0,79 3,7
0,78 11,9 0,70 10,8 0,80 4,0
0,90 13,7 0,73 11,2 0,81 3,9
- 0,92 14,2 0,72 12,4 0,86 4,3
-
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, 90% - [14]. 2, -, , - 2 [15]. - (. 5). , , , ( ).
5
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-
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( ) 13,77 5,78 0,00 19,55 25,75 6,20 0,33
15,53 6,45 0,00 21,98 25,75 3,78 0,20
15,24 6,25 10,80 32,29 25,75 +6,53 +0,34
- 16,01 6,59 10,80 33,40 25,75 +7,64 +0,40
-
1(52) 2014
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12. Uzun, N. Determination of Urease Catalase Activities and CO2 Respira-Uzun, N. Determination of Urease Catalase Activities and CO2 Respira-, N. Determination of Urease Catalase Activities and CO2 Respira- N. Determination of Urease Catalase Activities and CO2 Respira- Determination of Urease Catalase Activities and CO2 Respira-Determination of Urease Catalase Activities and CO2 Respira-tion in Different Soils Obtained From in Semi Arid Region Konya, Turkey / N. Uzun, R. Uyanz // Trends Soil Science Plant Nutrition Journal. 2011. 2(1). . 16.
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INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION SYSTEMS ON CO2 EMISSIONS FROM CHERNOZEM TYPICAL
O.P. Syabruk, N.N. Miroshnychenko, A.V. Dotsenko
SummaryThe article is devoted to influence of fertilization systems on emission of
carbon dioxide from chernozem typical. Fertilizer systems are a significant factor that
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affects CO2 emission from the soil. Organic fertilizers have a special importance for the maintenance of soil quality in connection with that they are a necessary compo-nent of the forming and maintaining its status of humus, as well as control of micro-biological processes. The aim of investigation was to determine the characteristics of the intensity of CO2 emissions in the application of different fertilizer systems consid-ering the seasonal dynamics, and estimates the annual loss of emission soil carbon. The observations showed that fluctuations in the emission activity during the vegeta-tion period were more significant, and it is associated with changes in temperature and soil moisture. Overall, the investigations are showing the difference between the in-tensity of CO2 emissions under different systems of soil fertilizer, with the predominant influence of organo-mineral system.
09.03.14
631.433.3: 631.442
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2 CCO2 , /
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