Anything that takes up space and has mass Matter

The amount of material in matter Mass

The smallest stable units of matter Atoms

Subatomic particle with a positive charge Proton

A subatomic particle with a neutral charge Neutron

A subatomic particle with a negative charge Electron

The number of protons in an atom Atomic number

Electrons travel around the nucleus at high speeds forming a spherical ___________

Electron cloud

A pure substance composed of atoms of only 1 kind

Element

The total number of protons plus neutrons Mass number

Atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons, but different number of neutrons

Isotopes

The actual mass of an atom Atomic Weight

Elements that do not participate in chemical processes

Inert

Elements with unfulfilled outermost energy shells

Reactive

Formed by interactions between atoms Chemical bond

Type of bond between ions where electrons are lost and gained

Ionic bond

Type of bond where electrons are shared Covalent

An ion with a positive charge Cation

An ion with a negative charge Anion

Weak attractive force that occurs between atoms within a large molecule

Hydrogen bond

Maintains its volume and shape in ordinary temperature and pressure

Solid

Constant volume but not shape Liquid

Neither a constant volume or shape, may be compressed or expanded

Gas

The sum of component atoms Molecular weight

Reaction type where a molecule is broken down into smaller fragments

Decomposition

What are the levels of organization Atoms Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Organism

A reaction where smaller molecules are made into larger ones

Synthesis

A reaction where parts are shuffled around creating new products

Exchange

Reactions that may be reversed Reversible reaction

The amount of energy required to start a reaction

Activation energy

A special protein that promotes a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy

Enzyme

A substance that accelerates a reaction but is not changed or consumed by the reaction

Catalyst

Reactions that release energy Exergonic

Reactions that absorb energy Endogonic

Compounds that usually do not contain carbon and hydrogen as their primary ingredients

Inorganic compounds

Always contain carbon and hydrogen as its base

Organic compounds

A substance that our physiological systems depend on, makes up 2/3’s of our weight

water

Molecules that interact with water hydrophillic

Molecules that do not readily interact with water

Hydrophobic

Inorganic molecules whose ions conduct an electrical current in a solution

Electrolyte

Scale used to identify objects as an acid or base

pH scale

2 monosaccharaides joined together Disaccharide

Long chains of amino acids, most abundant organic compound in our bodies

Protein

Levels of protein structure Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

The study of the internal and external structures of the body and their relationships with one another

Anatomy

The study of how living things perform their vital functions

Physiology

Combinations of Greek words prefixes, and suffixes

Medical terminology

The study of cells Cytology

The study tissues Histology

The front Anterior

The back Posterior

The head Cranial

The tail Caudal

Above Superior

Below Inferior

Towards the longitudinal axis Medial

Away from the longitudinal axis Lateral

Toward an attached base Proximal

Away from an attached base Distal

Horizontal section of the body Transverse

Section separating the body into right and left portions

Sagittal

A section that separates the body into an anterior and posterior portion

Frontal