Anchor: BIO.B.4.2 Describe interactions & relationships in an ecosystem ◦ BIO.4.2.3: Describe how...
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Transcript of Anchor: BIO.B.4.2 Describe interactions & relationships in an ecosystem ◦ BIO.4.2.3: Describe how...
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3.4 Nutrient Cycling
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Anchor: BIO.B.4.2 Describe interactions & relationships in an ecosystem◦ BIO.4.2.3: Describe how matter recycles through
an ecosystem
Standards
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Remember: living organisms are composed of organic matter:◦ Full of carbs, lipids, proteins & nucleic acids!
Ecology
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How is matter cycled?◦ **Remember: there is a ONE-
WAY flow of energy through the ecosystem, but matter (organic stuff) must be recycled throughout the ecosystem!!*** Energy is moved through parts of an
ecosystem through biogeochemical cycles Ex: water, sulfur, phosphorus,
carbon, nitrogen cycles
nutrients
decomposers
ECOLOGY
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Nutrients: molecules that an organism needs to sustain life◦ Used to build tissues and
carry out metabolism Ex: CHONPS
Ecology
nutrients
decomposers
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Hydrologic Cycle◦ Importance
Every living thing requires WATER
Ecology
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Hydrologic Cycle◦ Key Processes:
Evaporation: liquid gas Transpiration: evaporation
from plant leaves Condensation: gas liquid Precipitation: rain, sleet,
snow, hail Runoff: water moving
downhill into streams/rivers
Infiltration: water soaking into the soil
Ecology
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Hydrologic Cycle
Ecology
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/watercycle/
Evaporation
Condensation
PrecipitationTranspiration
Runoff
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Carbon Cycle◦ Importance
Used in making living tissues and animal skeletons Regulates temperature in the atmosphere (carbon
dioxide) Plants photosynthesis pass along glucose in
food webs
Ecology
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Carbon Cycle◦Key Processes:
Photosynthesis: how autotrophs produce glucose (food) while removing carbon dioxide from the air
CO2 + H2O + light C6H12O6 + O2
Cellular Respiration: how all organisms break down food to get ATP energy and release carbon dioxide in the air
C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP ATP is a molecule used for energy
Ecology
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◦Decomposition: bacteria and fungi break down dead organisms and release their nutrients in the soil and carbon dioxide in the air
Creates fossil fuels with extreme pressure
◦Combustion: Burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) and trees releases carbon dioxide into the air and this can lead to global warming
Ecology
http://www.npr.org/2007/05/01/9943298/episode-1-its-all-about-carbon
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CO2
Burning FF
CR by plants/animals
DecompositionFossil Fuel formation
PSBurning plants
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Nitrogen Cycle:◦Importance:
All organisms require nitrogen to make amino acids that are used to build proteins
◦Forms of Nitrogen: Nitrogen Gas (N2): in atmosphere Ammonia (NH3), Nitrate (NO3
-), Nitrite (NO2
-): found in wastes & in decaying organisms
Ecology
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Nitrogen Cycle:◦Key Processes: Nitrogen fixation: convert nitrogen gas
into ammonia N2 NH3
Performed by bacteria found in the soil or in roots of plants
Ecology
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Nitrogen Cycle:◦Key Processes: Ammonification: ammonia (NH3) is
converted to nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite
(NO2-)
NH3 NO3-
NH3 NO2-
Done by bacteria in the soil
Ecology
OR
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Nitrogen Cycle:◦Key Processes: Assimilation: plants use nitrates or nitrites made for them by the bacteria or animals consume nitrates and nitrites by eating plants Nitrogen is in organism and can be used to
make amino acids
Ecology
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Nitrogen Cycle:◦Key Processes: Detrification: nitrates (NO3
-) are changed into nitrogen gas (N2) NO3
- N2
Nitrogen gas is released back into atmosphere
Ecology