Analyze case studies of young children’s development using psychosocial and emotional theories to explain behaviors and propose interventions

Research how young children’s social and emotional development influences the culture of the family

Psychoanalytic perspective tells us that children move through a series of stages where conflicts are confronted between biology and societal expectations.

Freud Period Erikson*Oral birth-1 basic trust vs.

mistrustAnal 1-3 autonomy vs. shamePhallic 3-6 initiative vs. guiltLatency 6-11 industry vs. inferiorityGenital adolescence identity vs. role

confusion

Erickson’s psychosocial theory elaborates on Freud’s work; emphasizes a continuum of basic psychological conflict. -Erickson was one of the first to recognize the lifespan of development.-Erickson also notes: intimacy vs. isolation (emerging adulthood)

generativity vs. stagnation (adulthood) integrity vs. despair (old age)

-“You can discover more about a person in an hour of play than in a year of conversation.”-Plato

Parten(1932): study of play among 2-5 year olds

Types: Nonsocial Activity, Parallel, and CooperativeTypes of Play video:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uf3oHEEykpM

“It is paradoxical that many educators and parents still differentiate between a time for learning and a time for play without seeing the vital connection between them.”- Leo Buscgalia

nonsocial acitivity: unoccupied, onlooker behavior; solitary play

parallel play: Children play side by side and not together from ages 2-3

cooperative play: Children agree to play together following social rules from age 4-5.

What are some benefits of play?

**DON’T FORGET CULTURAL VARIATIONS—PLAY LOOKS DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT PLACES!

According to social learning theory, morality develops through reinforcement and modeling (like everything else!)

Key Components of Positive Modeling (to promote imitation)-warmth and responsiveness-competence and power-consistency between assertion and behavior

WARNING: “If you’re not modeling what you’re teaching, you’re teaching

something else”-source unknown

The debate:-To spank or not to spank…thoughts?

One perspective: Dr. Sylvia Gearinghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6tEkgIbKQ_w

Research indicates that ideal discipline includes consistency, a warm parent-child relationship, and explanations.

When considering the cognitive-developmental perspective, children are regarded as active thinkers about social rules.

-Translation: kids think about right and wrong VERY early! However….

Two types of aggression emerge: instrumental and hostile (physical, verbal, relational)

Key terms:GenderGender IdentityGender ConstancyGender Schema Theory

How do adult perceptions of gender norms affect child behavior?

What’s the big deal about gender typing? Why does it matter?

What are some examples of sterotypes you’ve heard? Examples: Boys don’t/can’t/shouldn’t…

Girls don’t/can’t/shouldn’t…

Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWc1e3Nbc2g&feature=related

Ways to reduce gender typing: limiting “traditional” roles, giving all children the opportunity to play with any toys, shield children from negative media imagery

Worth 145 points—revisit your syllabus!Watch “Dual Earner Family” video (found in same area as

video for recycling video) Cover sheet using APA style Three-page paper (at least): response to the questions Reference page: cite your book and any other resources that you

use In your paper, respond to the following questions to write an

essay (do not include the questions in your paper). Identify the challenges that Deb and Ron and their children face

due to the parents’ work schedules. How have they handled these challenges?

Pretend that you are a child/family human service professional and members of this family are your clients. What would you tell them about their children’s social and emotional needs?

What interventions might you suggest that they try to stabilize their family?